@article {1544,
	title = {Habitat Associations and Niche Partitioning in an Island Dung Beetle Community},
	journal = {Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology},
	volume = {12},
	number = {4},
	year = {1991},
	note = {GL010ACTA OECOL},
	pages = {451-459},
	abstract = {The composition and habitat associatons of the dung beetle community on Flinders Island (in Bass Strait between Tasmania and the Australian mainland) were assessed to provide baseline data prior to the deliberate introduction of exotic dung beetles for control of dung and dung-breeding flies. The distribution of beetles in relation to vegetative cover and dung type was examined in an experiment, in which pitfall traps were baited with a range of dung types in a variety of contrasting habitats, and by qualitative survey. The beetle community consisted of nine indigenous species (six Onthophagus and one Aphodius species (Scarabaeidae), two Saprinus species (Histeridae)) and two introduced species (Cercyon (Hydrophilidae) and Aphodius). Seven species were diurnal and four were noctural/crepuscular. Five species were strongly associated with woodland and the remainder occurred primarily in open pasture. All species were substantially more abundant in traps baited with human dung than in those baited with herbivore dung. Some species were caught at human dung almost exclusively. There were no obvious effects of herbivore dung type (cow, horse, marsupial, sheep) on the numbers caught in traps. Beetles were more numerous in cattle paddocks than in sheep paddocks. Four indigenous species which are common in cattle dung in open pasture (Onthophagus australis Guerin, Onthophagus granulatus Boheman, Onthophagus posticus Erichson and Aphodius tasmaniae Hope) have niche characteristics that make them potential competitors with exotic species to be introduced from the mainland.},
	keywords = {Dung beetles},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1991GL01000001},
	author = {Doube, B. M. and Wardhaugh, K. G.}
}
@article {1553,
	title = {Seasonal-Variation in the Dung of African Grazing Mammals, and Its Consequences for Coprophagous Insects},
	journal = {Functional Ecology},
	volume = {5},
	number = {5},
	year = {1991},
	note = {Times Cited: 13Cited Reference Count: 0EnglishArticleGL110FUNCT ECOL},
	pages = {617-628},
	abstract = {The dung of African grazing mammals varies in nutrient and moisture content according to the condition of the pasture on which the animals feed. This study investigated the effect of variation in quality of herbivore dung on the survival and reproduction of coprophagous insects. Seasonal variation was recorded in physical and chemical characteristics of zebra, wildebeest and impala dung. Dung was collected from free- ranging animals grazing in natural habitat in Mkuzi Game Reserve, a hot summer-rainfall region of South Africa. Interspecific differences in dung were related to the feeding ecology, digestive physiology and size of each species. Seasonal changes in water and nitrogen content of dung were related to patterns of rainfall and hence pasture growth. Dung moisture was significantly correlated with the amount of rain that fell in the preceding 2 weeks for wildebeest, in the preceding 4 weeks for impala and in the period 2-6 weeks before collection for zebra dung. Seasonal variability in wildebeest dung affected the reproductive rate of the dung beetle Euoniticellus intermedius (Reiche). Egg production at 25- degrees-C ranged from 0.1 per female per week in winter dung to 12.1 in summer dung, and was significantly correlated with dung moisture. Euoniticellus intermedius and the African buffalo fly Haematobia thirouxi potans (Bezzi) could not breed in fresh wildebeest dung of 62\% water content. However when the water content was raised to 68\% and above, breeding by Euoniticellus intermedius increased; and at moisture contents of 73\% and above, buffalo fly size increased and survival improved. Higher water content was correlated with an increase in availability of dung fluid, the component of dung used by these insects.},
	keywords = {African herbivores, coprophagous, Dung, Dung beetles, food-, impala, quality, wildebeest, zebra},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1991GL11000006},
	author = {Edwards, P. B.}
}
@article {1710,
	title = {Historical and ecological factors determining the geographic distribution of beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)},
	journal = {Folia Entomologica Mexicana},
	volume = {82},
	year = {1991},
	pages = {195-238},
	keywords = {Dung beetles},
	author = {Halffter, G}
}
@inbook {1733,
	title = {Dung insect community},
	booktitle = {Dung beetle ecology},
	year = {1991},
	pages = {5-21},
	publisher = {Princeton University Press},
	organization = {Princeton University Press},
	address = {Princeton, Jersey},
	keywords = {Dung beetles},
	author = {Hanski, I.},
	editor = {Hanski, I. and Cambefort, Y.}
}
@inbook {1739,
	title = {Species richness},
	booktitle = {Dung beetle ecology},
	year = {1991},
	pages = {350-365},
	publisher = {Princeton},
	organization = {Princeton},
	address = {Princeton, Jersey},
	keywords = {Dung beetles},
	author = {Hanski, I. and Cambefort, Y.},
	editor = {Hanski, I. and Cambefort, Y.}
}
