@article {1324,
	title = {Effects of dung and seed size on secondary dispersal, seed predation, and seedling establishment of rain forest trees},
	journal = {Oecologia},
	volume = {139},
	number = {1},
	year = {2004},
	note = {801LKOECOLOGIA},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {45-54},
	abstract = {Seeds dispersed by tropical, arboreal mammals are usually deposited singly and without dung or in clumps of fecal material. After dispersal through defecation by mammals, most seeds are secondarily dispersed by dung beetles or consumed by rodents. These post-dispersal, plant-animal interactions are likely to interact themselves, as seeds buried by dung beetles are less likely to be found by rodents than unburied seeds. In a series of three experiments with seeds of 15 species in central Amazonia (Brazil), we determined (1) how presence and amount of dung associated with seeds influences long-term seed fate and seedling establishment, (2) how deeply dung beetles bury seeds and how burial depth affects seedling establishment, and (3) how seed size affects the interaction between seeds, dung beetles, and rodents. Our overall goal was to understand how post-dispersal plant-animal interactions determine the link between primary seed dispersal and seedling establishment. On average, 43\% of seeds surrounded by dung were buried by dung beetles, compared to 0\% of seeds not surrounded by dung (n=2,156). Seeds in dung, however, tended to be more prone than bare seeds to predation by rodents. Of seeds in dung, probability of burial was negatively related to seed size and positively related to amount of dung. Burial of seeds decreased the probability of seed predation by rodents three-fold, and increased the probability of seedling establishment two-fold. Mean burial depth was 4 cm (0.5-20 cm) and was not related to seed size, contrary to previous studies. Probability of seedling establishment was negatively correlated with burial depth and not related to seed size at 5 or 10 cm depths. These results illustrate a complex web of interactions among dung beetles, rodents, and dispersed seeds. These interactions affect the probability of seedling establishment and are themselves strongly tied to how seeds are deposited by primary dispersers. More generally, our results emphasize the importance of looking beyond a single type of plant-animal interaction (e.g., seed dispersal or seed predation) to incorporate potential effects of interacting interactions.},
	keywords = {alouatta-palliata, beetles scarabaeidae, Central Amazonia, communities, ecology, fate, horse dung, howler monkeys, los-, plant, plant-animal interactions, rain forest, recruitment, seed, tuxtlas},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000220097200006},
	author = {Andresen, Ellen and Levey, Douglas J.}
}
@article {1357,
	title = {Discriminatory power of different arthropod data sets for the biological monitoring of anthropogenic disturbance in tropical forests},
	journal = {Biodiversity And Conservation},
	volume = {13},
	number = {4},
	year = {2004},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {709-732},
	abstract = {Arthropods were monitored by local parataxonomists at 12 sites of increasing anthropogenic disturbance (old and young secondary forests, savanna and cultivated gardens) at Gamba, Gabon. We report on the discriminatory power of different data sets with regard to the classification of sites along the disturbance gradient, using preliminary data accounting for 13 surveys and 142425 arthropods collected by Malaise, pitfall and yellow-pan traps. We compared the performance of different data sets. These were based upon ordinal, familial and guild composition, or upon 22 target taxa sorted to morphospecies and either considered in toto or grouped within different functional guilds. Finally we evaluated {\textquoteright}predictor sets{\textquoteright} made up of a few families or other target taxa, selected on the basis of their indicator value index. Although the discriminatory power of data sets based on ordinal categories and guilds was low, that of target taxa belonging to chewers, parasitoids and predators was much higher. The data sets that best discriminated among sites of differing degrees of disturbance were the restricted sets of indicator families and target taxa. This validates the concept of predictor sets for species-rich tropical systems. Including or excluding rare taxa in the analyses did not alter these conclusions. We conclude that calibration studies similar to ours are needed elsewhere in the tropics and that this strategy will allow to devise a representative and efficient biotic index for the biological monitoring of terrestrial arthropod assemblages in the tropics.},
	keywords = {assemblages, Australian rain-forest, biodiversity, biotic indexes, communities, diversity, Dung beetles, gabon, guilds, insect herbivores, parataxonomists, predictor sets, rarity, species, taxonomic resolution},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000188005900004 },
	author = {Basset, Yves and Mavoungou, Jacques F. and Mikissa, Jean Bruno and Missa, Olivier and Miller, Scott E. and Kitching, Roger L. and Alonso, Alfonso}
}
@article {1420,
	title = {Body-Size, Abundance, and Geographical-Distribution of Afrotropical Dung Beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae)},
	journal = {Acta Oecologica},
	volume = {15},
	number = {2},
	year = {1994},
	note = {Times Cited: 11Cited Reference Count: 25Cited References:      BLACKBURN TM, 1993, J ANIM ECOL, V62, P519     BLACKBURN TM, 1993, J ANIM ECOL, V62, P694     BLACKBURN TM, 1992, OIKOS, V65, P107     BROWN JH, 1989, SCIENCE, V243, P1145     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P36     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P51     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P156     COTGREAVE P, 1993, TRENDS ECOL EVOL, V8, P244     CURRIE DJ, 1993, OIKOS, V67, P56     CURRIE DJ, 1993, OIKOS, V66, P353     DAMUTH J, 1987, BIOL J LINN SOC, V31, P193     DAMUTH J, 1993, NATURE, V365, P748     DAMUTH J, 1991, NATURE, V351, P268     GASTON KJ, 1988, AM NAT, V132, P662     GRIFFITHS D, 1992, J ANIM ECOL, V61, P307     GRIFFITHS D, 1987, NATURE, V328, P117     HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P283     HEINRICH B, 1979, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V52, P484     LAWTON JH, 1989, OIKOS, V55, P429     LAWTON JH, 1991, PHILOS T ROY SOC B, V330, P2833     LUMARET JP, 1992, J APPL ECOL, V29, P349     NEE S, 1991, NATURE, V351, P312     PAGEL MD, 1991, AM NAT, V138, P836     STORK NE, 1993, OIKOS, V67, P483     WHITE F, 1986, VEGETATION AFRICAEnglishArticlePJ666ACTA OECOL},
	pages = {165-179},
	abstract = {Local and regional abundances of Afrotropical dung beetle species, as well as their regional and continental distributions, have been found to depend on their average individual fresh weight. At the local and regional scales, small-bodied species are numerically more abundant than their larger relatives, but large-bodied species have a larger total biomass and control a larger proportion of available resources. At the regional scale, large dung beetle species occur in fewer localities than small ones, but, at the continental scale, geographical distribution is wider.},
	keywords = {abundance, afrotropical region, beetles, biomass, communities, Dung, dynamics, energy use, energy-use, geographical distribution, natural animal assemblages, patterns, population-density, size},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1994PJ66600005},
	author = {Cambefort, Y.}
}
@article {1430,
	title = {Changes in food resources and conservation of scarab beetles: from sheep to dog dung in a green urban area of Rome (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea)},
	journal = {Biological Conservation},
	volume = {123},
	number = {4},
	year = {2005},
	note = {digital and hard copy},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {547-556},
	abstract = {The aim of the research was to show how a change in land use influences the structure of a dung beetle assemblage and affect its conservation. In the Pineto Urban Regional Park (Rome), dog dung is the sole food resource currently available for scarab dung beetles, after the recent removal of wild and domestic herbivores. A one-year sampling was conducted to study the scarab assemblage in dog scats (1999) and to compare it with the previous assemblage associated with sheep droppings (1986). Richness, evenness and similarity parameters were compared between the two allochronic assemblages. From sheep to dog dung, an impoverishment of the total richness was observed (from 19 to 9 species) together with an increase of individuals (by 7 times). Dog dung harboured 20\% of the current scarab dung beetle fauna of Rome, probably as a consequence of the dog mixed diet, rich in cellulose. Both the communities showed a high percentage of tunnellers, probably because of the food shortage and, for dog scats, of the high dehydration rate. A comparison with other Roman scarab communities enhanced that: (1) the change in food resource determined a higher difference in species composition respect to other parameters (size and habitat diversity); (2) dog dung provided a temporary refuge for species that otherwise may encounter local extinction in urban environments. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {20th-century, abundance, assemblage, biodiversity conservatiom, Carabidae, colonization, communities, community ecology, competition, diversity, dung beetle assemblages, food, habitats mammals, netherlands, resources, urban ecology},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000227958600012 },
	author = {Carpaneto, Giuseppe M. and Mazziotta, Adriano and Piattella, Emanuele}
}
@article {1471,
	title = {Species richness of dung-feeding beetles (Coleoptera: Aphodiidae, Scarabaeidae, Hybosoridae) in tropical rainforest at Danum Valley, Sabah, Malaysia},
	journal = {The Coleopterists Bulletin},
	volume = {54},
	number = {2},
	year = {2000},
	note = {340ZJCOLEOPTS BULL},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {221-231},
	abstract = {This paper records the species richness and composition of the dung-feeding fauna within the Danum Valley Conservation Area in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. Comparisons are made with other rainforest sites in the Neotropics, Africa, Asia and Australia. To date, ninety-seven rainforest dung beetle species have been identified from Danum samples, making this the most species- rich rainforest site yet recorded. Reasons for the high species richness measure are examined, including the comprehensive nature of the trapping programme, utilizing both baited pitfall and flight intercept traps, the resource diversity and abundance at Danum, and the presence of a rich vertebrate fauna. Comments are made on the effectiveness of the trapping programme, and the implications of these results for the measurement of species richness and diversity of other arthropod groups in tropical rainforest.},
	keywords = {abundance, communities, dynamics, insects, rain-forest},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000088566300005},
	author = {Davis, A. J.}
}
@article {1530,
	title = {Trophic preferences mediated by olfactory cues in dung beetles colonizing cattle and horse dung},
	journal = {Environmental Entomology},
	volume = {33},
	number = {2},
	year = {2004},
	note = {digital copy},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {370-377},
	abstract = {Scarab beetles colonizing vertebrate feces are considered polyphagous insects, because they often use dung of several species. However, recent works have provided evidence for strong feeding preferences in some dung beetle species. The influence of dung odors in the process of resource selection by beetles has not received attention. The objective of this study was to investigate trophic preferences in Mediterranean dung beetles colonizing cattle and horse dung. The pattern of resource use by insects was studied using series of pitfall traps baited with cattle or horse dung in three different sites of south-central France. A total of 4,276 insects belonging to 39 species were captured. Cattle dung attracted more insects than horse feces (2,570 versus 1,706 individuals). Twenty-four of the 39 beetle species collected had clear feeding preferences for cattle dung (13 species) or horse dung (11 species). None of these species seemed linked exclusively to one kind of dung. The behavioral responses of seven scarab beetles to volatile compounds emitted by cattle and horse dung were compared in laboratory olfactometer bioassays. Three insect species (Aphodius erraticus, A. scrutator, Onthophagus vacca) were more attracted to volatile compounds from cattle dung. Two other species (Euonthophagus amyntas, Bubas bubalus) orientated preferentially toward horse dung volatiles. Except for two species, beetles were thus attracted to volatiles from the dung type they preferred in the field. The reasons why coprophagous beetles show local feeding preferences for particular dung types are discussed.},
	keywords = {bait, burial, capacity, cattle dung, COLEOPTERA, colonization, communities, dung beetle, Dung beetles, feces, food, horse dung, mammal mammals, olfactometer, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeoidea, trophic preferences},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000220856500033},
	author = {Dormont, L. and Epinat, G. and Lumaret, J. P.}
}
@article {1571,
	title = {Diversidade de Scarabaeidae s. str. (Coleoptera) da reserva biologica Guaribas, Mamanguape, Paraiba, Brasil: uma comparacao entre Mata Atlantica e Tabuleiro Nordestino},
	journal = {Revista Brasileira de Entomologia},
	volume = {51},
	number = {1},
	year = {2007},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {67-71},
	abstract = {Scarabaeid beetles consume dung and carcasses of large vertebrates. Guilds of scarabeids were compared between Forest and Tabuleiro at the Reserva Biológica Guaribas, Mamanguape, in the state of Paraíba. Samples were collected monthly from November 2001 to April 2002 in Forest and Tabuleiro. Insects were collected by using 24 pitfall-traps, 12 in each area, with six traps baited with human excrement and six with rotten liver. Fifteen species and 1298 specimens were collected in the Forest and 25 species and 2235 specimens in the Tabuleiro. Eleven species occurred in both areas, whereas 14 were found only in the Tabuleiro and four in the Forest. Dichotomius sericeus (Harold, 1867) was the most abundant species in the two areas. The Tabuleiro was the most species-rich; however dominance was greatest in the Forest. The presence of common species in the two studied areas confers a moderate similarity to the forest and Tabuleiro habitats.},
	keywords = {communities, Diversity Index, ecology, Similarity},
	author = {Endres, Ana Aline and Creao-Duarte, Antonio Jose and Medina Hernandez, Malva Isabel}
}
@article {1685,
	title = {Resource quality and the colonisation and succession of coprophagous dung beetles},
	journal = {Ecography},
	volume = {21},
	number = {6},
	year = {1998},
	note = {have copy},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {581-592},
	keywords = {colonization mammals, communities, dung beetle, ecosystem services},
	author = {Gittings, Tom and Giller, Paul S.}
}
@article {1762,
	title = {Effects of forest fragmentation on the activity of dung beetles},
	journal = {Revue D Ecologie-La Terre Et La Vie},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Times Cited: 0Cited Reference Count: 51Cited References:      *SPSS INC, 1998, SYSTAT 8 0 STAT     ANDRESEN E, 1999, BIOTROPICA, V31, P145     ANDRESEN E, 2000, THESIS U FLORIDA     ANDRSEN E, 1994, THESIS DUKE U     BORNEMISSZA GF, 1970, PEDOBIOLOGIA, V10, P1     BROWN KS, 1997, TROPICAL FOREST REMN, P91     CLAESSENS O, 2002, REV ECOL TERRE VIE S, V8, P21     DALECKY A, 2002, REV ECOL TERRE VIE S, V8, P145     DIDHAM RK, 1998, ECOL MONOGR, V68, P295     DIDHAM RK, 1996, TRENDS ECOL EVOL, V11, P255     ESTRADA A, 1999, AM J PRIMATOL, V48, P253     ESTRADA A, 1986, FRUGIVORES SEED DISP     ESTRADA A, 1991, J TROP ECOL, V7, P459     ESTRADA A, 1998, J TROP ECOL 5, V14, P577     FEER F, 1999, J TROP ECOL, V15, P1     FEER F, 2001, REV ECOL-TERRE VIE, V56, P119     FINCHER GT, 1973, J PARASITOL, V59, P396     FORGET PM, 1991, TROP ECOL, V32, P155     GILL BD, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P211     GRANJON L, 1996, ACTA OECOL, V17, P673     GUILLOTIN M, 1994, J ZOOL, V233, P551     HALFFTER G, 1966, FOLIA ENTOMOL MEXICO, V12, P1     HALFFTER G, 1992, FOLIA ENTOMOLOGICA M, V84, P131     HALFFTER G, 1982, NESTING BEHAV DUNG B     HALLWACHS W, 1994, CLUMSY DANCE AGOUTI     HANSKI I, 1989, ECOSYSTEMS WORLD, P489     HINGRAT Y, 1999, EFFETS FRAGMENTATION     HOWDEN HF, 1981, CONTRIBUTIONS AM ENT, V18, P1     HOWE HF, 1980, ECOLOGY, V61, P944     HOWE HF, 1989, OECOLOGIA, V79, P417     JANZEN DH, 1982, ECOLOGY, V63, P1887     JANZEN DH, 1986, FRUGIVORES SEED DISP, P251     JULLIOT C, 1996, INT J PRIMATOL, V17, P239     KLEIN BC, 1989, ECOLOGY, V70, P1715     LAURANCE WF, 1997, TROPICAL FOREST REMN     LOVEJOY TE, 1986, CONSERVATION BIOL SC, P257     MALCOLM JR, 1997, TROPICAL FOREST REMN, P207     PECK SB, 1984, BIOTROPICA, V16, P235     PECK SB, 1982, CAN J ZOOL, V60, P1624     POWELL AH, 1987, BIOTROPICA, V19, P176     RATIARISON S, 1999, FRAGMENTATION FOREST     RINGUET S, 1998, THESIS MUSEUM NAT HI     SABATIER D, 1983, THESIS U SCI TECHNIQ     SHEPHERD VE, 1998, J TROP ECOL 2, V14, P199     SILVIUS KM, 1999, THESIS U FLORIDA     SIMMEN B, 1996, INT J PRIMATOL, V17, P661     SOKAL RR, 1981, BIOMETRY     SOUZA OFF, 1994, J TROP ECOL, V10, P197     SPIRONELLO WR, 1999, THESIS U CAMBRIDGE U     VANROOSMALEN MGM, 1985, ACTA AMAZONICA, V19, P1     VULINEC K, 2000, FLA ENTOMOL, V83, P229FrenchArticle8616CUREV ECOL-TERRE VIE},
	pages = {165-179},
	abstract = {The effect of seed burial by dung beetles on seed survival and seedling establishment in Tetragastris altissima (Burseraceae) was measured on 3 sites of continuous forest and 7 islands in the man-inundated rain forest of Saint-Eugene, French Guiana. Experiments using a total of 250 seeds were performed using wire enclosures open to dung beetles but excluding terrestrial seed predators. Fragmentation had no effect on the rate of dung disappearance at 12, 24 and 48 h because there was a high variability between sites. On average, 24 \% of seeds were buried by dung beetles after 72 h, Overall, there was no effect of fragmentation due to variation between sites. Dung burial rates were positively correlated with rarefaction of the dung beetle samples collected on the different sites. They were also positively correlated with weighted abundances of large diurnal tunnellers after 12 h and to total tunnellers after 24 h. Seed burial was positively correlated to weighted abundance of large nocturnal tunnellers and of total tunnellers. The species diversity and abundance were positively related to area that did not involve a correlation between seed burial rates and area. After 72 h, survival rate of protected seeds at ground surface was significantly larger (78 \%) than for non protected seeds (22 \%), which were attacked by rodents. There was no difference between continuous forest and islands. Eight percent of buried seeds emerged, i.e. 2 \% of all seeds deposited. Burial depth significantly affected the rate of emergence of buried seeds. Ninety percent of seeds at surface germinated versus 0 \% at 10 and 15 cm. The effects of seed burial by dung beetles on early recruitment of T altissima was low and highly variable between sites in relation with the structure of the community of Scarabaeidae and intensity of seed predation.},
	keywords = {Amazonia, COLEOPTERA, communities, dispersal, french-guiana, los-tuxtlas, Mexico, monkeys alouatta-palliata, Scarabaeidae, seed, tropical rain-forest},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000179284800011},
	author = {Hingrat, Y. and Feer, F.}
}
@article {1936,
	title = {Searching for a predictive model for species richness of Iberian dung beetle based on spatial and environmental variables},
	journal = {Conservation Biology},
	volume = {16},
	number = {1},
	year = {2002},
	note = {digital copy},
	month = {Feb},
	pages = {158-173},
	abstract = {In Mediterranean countries, inventories of many animal groups particularly insects, are incomplete or nonexistent. Hence, a feasible spatial picture of unequally surveyed areas is required to ascertain which faunistic surveys are good enough to produce reliable estimates of species richness. We used generalized linear models to build a multiple-regression function through which we predicted the distribution of Iberian dung beetle species richness. Given the scarcity and unevenness of the species-richness spatial distribution, the number of records of a dung beetle database (BANDASCA), falling within each of the 50 x 50 km grid squares, was chosen as a measure of the sampling effort for that square. Examining the asymptotic relationship between the number of dung-beetle species and database records for each physioclimatic Iberian subregion, we found that 82 grid squares (32\% of the total) were adequately sampled. Dung-beetle species richness was related in each of these 82 cells to 24 explanatory variables. Curvilinear functions, interaction terms, and the significant third-degree polynomial terms of latitude and longitude were included to model species-richness distribution. The final model accounted for 62.4\% of the total deviance after we eliminated seven outlier squares, with maximum elevation, grassland area, land-use diversity, forest area, geological diversity, interaction of terrestrial area and maximum elevation, and interaction between calcareous rock, and geological diversity and latitude being the most significant independent variables. The residuals of the function were not spatially autocorrelated, and we validated the final model by a jackknife procedure. Large and environmentally complex hotspots in the Iberian Central, Baetic, and Subbaetic mountain ranges stand out from the emerging map of species richness. Further detailed research is required to determine the complementarity of the faunas of these two main hotspots, the key question in conservation planning for a dung-feeding beetle.},
	keywords = {Africa, atlas, autocorrelation, biodiversity, butterflies, communities, conservation, insects, patterns, plants},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000173726400016},
	author = {Lobo, J. M. and Martin-Piera, F.}
}
@article {1612,
	title = {Dung and carrion beetles of the rain forest of French Guiana: composition and structure of the guild},
	journal = {Annales De La Societe Entomologique De France},
	volume = {36},
	number = {1},
	year = {2000},
	note = {Times Cited: 1Cited Reference Count: 60Cited References:      ANDRESEN E, 1999, BIOTROPICA, V31, P145     ANDRESEN E, 1994, THESIS FRUGIVORY PRI     BALTHASAR V, 1963, MONOGRAPHIE SCARABAE, V1     BONGERS F, 2000, BIOL MONOGRAPH SERIE     BRYAN RP, 1976, AUSTR J AGR RES, V27, P567     CAMBEFORT Y, 1986, ACTA OECOL-OEC GEN, V7, P17     CAMBEFORT Y, 1982, ANN SOC ENTOMOL FR, V18, P433     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P156     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P198     CAMBEFORT Y, 1985, REV FRANCAISE ENTOMO, V7, P337     CASWELL H, 1976, ECOL MONOGR, V46, P327     DADDA AA, 1998, NEOTROPICAL PRIMATES, V6, P111     DAJOZ R, 1994, ANN SOC ENTOMOL FR, V30, P159     DAVIS AJ, 1993, THESIS U LEEDS RU     DUBOST G, 1987, MAMMALIA, V51, P415     ESTRADA A, 1986, FRUGIVORES SEED DISP, P9     ESTRADA A, 1993, J TROP ECOL, V9, P45     ESTRADA A, 1991, J TROP ECOL, V7, P459     FEER F, 1999, J TROP ECOL 2, V15, P129     FINCHER GT, 1973, J PARASITOL, V59, P396     FISCHER RA, 1943, THEORETICAL POPULATI, V7, P197     GILL BD, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P211     GLANZ WE, 1990, 4 NEOTROPICAL RAINFO, P287     HALFFTER G, 1993, BIOL INT, V27, P15     HALFFTER G, 1966, FOLIA ENTOMOL MEXICO, V12, P1     HALFFTER G, 1992, FOLIA ENTOMOLOGICA M, V84, P131     HALFFTER G, 1991, FOLIA ENTOMOLOGICA M, V82, P195     HALFFTER G, 1982, NESTING BEHAV DUNG B     HALFFTER G, 1980, QUAEST ENTOMOL, V16, P599     HANSKI I, 1983, ACTA ZOOL FENN, V167, P1     HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P5     HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P283     HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P303     HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P330     HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P350     HANSKI I, 1982, OIKOS, V38, P210     HANSKI I, 1989, TROPICAL RAIN FOREST, P489     HEINRICH B, 1979, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V52, P484     HOWDEN HF, 1975, BIOTROPICA, V7, P77     HOWDEN HF, 1981, CONTRIBUTIONS AM ENT, V18, P1     JANZEN DH, 1982, ECOLOGY, V63, P1887     JANZEN DH, 1982, SCIENCE, V215, P19     KLEIN BC, 1989, ECOLOGY, V70, P1715     KOHLMAN B, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P116     LAURANCE WF, 1997, TROPICAL FOREST REMN     LOBO JM, 1988, REV ECOL BIOL SOL, V25, P77     LOUZADA JNC, 1997, REV BRASILEIRA ENTOM, V41, P117     LOVEJOY TE, 1990, 4 NEOTROPICAL RAINFO, P60     MAGURRAN AE, 1988, ECOLOGICAL DIVERSITY     MCARTHUR RH, 1972, GEOGRAPHICAL ECOLOGY     PECK SB, 1984, BIOTROPICA, V16, P235     PECK SB, 1982, CAN J ZOOL, V60, P1624     PONCY O, 1998, FOREST BIODIVERSITY, P389     SABATIER D, 1990, BOIS FOR TROP, V219, P31     SHEPHERD VE, 1998, J TROP ECOL 2, V14, P199     SIMMEN B, 1998, CR ACAD SCI III-VIE, V321, P699     TERBORGH J, 1997, TROPICAL FOREST REMN, P256     VOSS RS, 1996, B AM MUS NAT HIST, V230, P1     WALTER P, 1984, B SOC ENTOMOLOGIQUE, V88, P514     WOODRUFF RE, 1973, SCARAB BEETLES FLORI, V8FrenchArticle319LXANN SOC ENTOMOL FR},
	month = {Jan-Mar},
	pages = {29-43},
	abstract = {A guild of neotropical rain forest dung and carrion beetles, has been studied in a locality of undisturbed rain forest in French Guiana. A total of 87 species was captured. Scarabaeidae with 76 species were the most numerous;Aphodiidae and other minor families were rare. Species diversity and equitability were high and showed small variation with seasons. Tunneller species ( 48 species) were larger and more numerous than roller species (18 species) and dwellers. Food preferences, and activity rhythm of species were described.},
	keywords = {alouatta-palliata, COLEOPTERA, communities, ivory-coast, los-tuxtlas, Mexico, monkeys, Scarabaeidae, seed dispersal},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000087344100002},
	author = {Feer, F.}
}
@article {2161,
	title = {Large-scale spatial ecology of dung beetles},
	journal = {Ecography},
	volume = {24},
	number = {5},
	year = {2001},
	note = {EnglishArticleOCTECOGRAPHY},
	pages = {511-524},
	abstract = {Recent modelling work shows that the composition of local communities can be influenced by the configuration of the surrounding landscape, but many of these models assume that all community members display the same type of extinction- colonization dynamics. I use Aphodius dung beetles to test the hypothesis that interspecific differences in habitat selection and dispersal capacity may translate into differences in spatial population dynamics, even among closely related species coexisting on the same resource. If this is true, then groups of species with different. characteristics would show different responses to landscape configuration. I first divided the area of Finland into a grid, and used collection records to describe regional variation in the Aphodius fauna of open cattle pastures. I then sampled dung beetles on 131 cattle farms, to examine whether the subset of species found on each farm was related to the density of pastures in the surrounding grid square. Finally, I used historical records to analyze changes in dung beetle communities during the last century, when there was great loss of pasture. Overall, I found no relationship between landscape characteristics and the total proportion of the regional species pool that was found on each farm. However, the distribution of species among guilds with different habitat specificity did related to the configuration of the landscape, and the pattern was most pronounced in a specialists species with limited dispersal. Associations between community structure and landscape configuration were superimposed on two much larger and stronger patterns: a large-scale latitudinal gradient in regional species richness, and a decelerating gain of species to local communities with an increasing regional species pool. I conclude that ecological variation among community members is a crucial factor in the analysis of local community composition, and that local species richness should always be conditioned on regional richness.},
	keywords = {abundance, assemblages, coexistence, communities, FINLAND, gradients, LATITUDINAL, METAPOPULATION DYNAMICS, PLANT-SPECIES RICHNESS, REGIONAL DIVERSITY, Scarabaeidae},
	author = {Roslin, T.}
}
@article {2220,
	title = {Rapid turnover and edge effects in dung beetle assemblages (Scarabaeidae) at a Bolivian Neotropical forest-savanna ecotone},
	journal = {Biotropica},
	volume = {35},
	number = {3},
	year = {2003},
	note = {744QYBIOTROPICA},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {394-404},
	abstract = {Habitat fragmentation and the widespread creation of habitat edges have recently stimulated interest in assessing the effects of ecotones on biodiversity. Ecotones, natural or anthropogenic, can greatly affect faunal movement, population dynamics, species interactions, and community structure. Few data exist, however, on insect community response to forest- savanna ecotones, a natural analog to anthropogenically cleared areas adjacent to forest. In this study, the abundance, total biomass, average individual biomass, and distribution of scarabaeine dung beetles were examined at a sharp tropical evergreen forest-savanna ecotone in Santa Cruz, Bolivia. The abundance, total biomass, and average individual biomass of dung beetles varied significantly across the forest, edge, and savanna habitats. Species richness (S-obs) also varied significantly across the three habitats, but statistical estimations of true species richness (S-est) did not. Habitat specificity of the dung beetles in this study was extremely high. Of the 50 most common species collected during the study, only 2 species were collected in both the forest and savanna habitats, signaling nearly complete community turnover in just a few meters. Strong edge effects were evidenced by the decline in abundance, total biomass, and species richness at the forest-savanna boundary.},
	keywords = {beta diversity, Bolivia, boundaries, Central Amazonia, COLEOPTERA, communities, conservation, Dung beetles, dynamics, ecotone, edge, fragmented forests, gradients, patterns, responses, savanna, tropical forest},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000186644700009},
	author = {Spector, S. and Ayzama, S.}
}
@article {2258,
	title = {Roads alter the colonization dynamics of a keystone herbivore in neotropical savannas},
	journal = {Biotropica},
	volume = {38},
	number = {5},
	year = {2006},
	note = {need},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {661-665},
	abstract = {Roads can facilitate the establishment and spread of both native and exotic species. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms facilitating this expansion are rarely known. We tested the hypothesis that dirt roads are favorable landing and nest initiation sites for founding-queens of the leaf-cutter ant Atta laevigata. For 2 yr, we compared the number of attempts to found new nests (colonization attempts) in dirt roads and the adjacent vegetation in a reserve of cerrado (tree-dominated savanna) in southeastern Brazil. The number of colonization attempts in roads was 5 to 10 times greater than in the adjacent vegetation. Experimental transplants indicate that founding-queens are more likely to establish a nest on bare soil than on soil covered with leaf-litter, but the amount of litter covering the ground did not fully explain the preference of queens for dirt roads. Queens that landed on roads were at higher risk of predation by beetles and ants than those that landed in the adjacent vegetation. Nevertheless, greater predation in roads was not sufficient to offset the greater number of colonization attempts in this habitat. As a consequence, significantly more new colonies were established in roads than in the adjacent vegetation. Our results suggest that disturbance caused by the opening of roads could result in an increased Atta abundance in protected areas of the Brazilian Cerrado.},
	keywords = {Amazonia, ants, Atta, ATTA-CEPHALOTES, ATTINI, brazil, BRAZILIAN CERRADO, Cerrado vegetation, communities, dung beetle, forest, formicidae, habitat, habitat disturbance, impact, LEAF-CUTTING ANTS, nest foundation, PRED, road impacts, SELECTION, vegetation},
	isbn = {0006-3606},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000239634900010 },
	author = {Vasconcelos, H. L. and Vieira-Neto, E. H. M. and Mundim, F. M. and Bruna, E. M.}
}
