@article {1445,
	title = {Seed fate of two Sapotaceae species in a Guianan rain forest in the context of escape and satiation hypotheses},
	journal = {Journal of Tropical Ecology},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2004},
	note = {1773YUJ TROP ECOL},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {1-9},
	abstract = {Seed removal by rodents was investigated for Manilkara huberi and Chrysophyllum lucentifolium in a French Guianan forest. According to the escape hypothesis, seed survival was expected to be greater in populations of low conspecific adult density, while on the contrary, under the satiation hypothesis, it was expected to be greater in populations of high density. The two plots under study showed opposite densities for the two studied tree species. Therefore, according to both hypotheses, seed survival at each plot was expected to be opposite between species. To assess seed fate, seeds were thread-marked in order to relocate them after removal and to determine whether they were consumed or scatterhoarded by rodents. Contrary to what was expected, our results showed that both M. huberi and C. lucentifolium had better survival in the same plot. This suggests that seed fate for both study species was not influenced by the density of conspecific adult trees, but was rather affected by other habitat characteristics, likely the global resource abundance. Variation in seed predation rates of both species seemed largely related to their respective fruiting period, while seatterhoarding rate seemed more affected by intrinsic seed characteristics.},
	keywords = {dung beetles forest function},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000188953600001},
	author = {Chauvet, S. and Feer, F. and Forget, P. M.}
}
@article {1762,
	title = {Effects of forest fragmentation on the activity of dung beetles},
	journal = {Revue D Ecologie-La Terre Et La Vie},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Times Cited: 0Cited Reference Count: 51Cited References:      *SPSS INC, 1998, SYSTAT 8 0 STAT     ANDRESEN E, 1999, BIOTROPICA, V31, P145     ANDRESEN E, 2000, THESIS U FLORIDA     ANDRSEN E, 1994, THESIS DUKE U     BORNEMISSZA GF, 1970, PEDOBIOLOGIA, V10, P1     BROWN KS, 1997, TROPICAL FOREST REMN, P91     CLAESSENS O, 2002, REV ECOL TERRE VIE S, V8, P21     DALECKY A, 2002, REV ECOL TERRE VIE S, V8, P145     DIDHAM RK, 1998, ECOL MONOGR, V68, P295     DIDHAM RK, 1996, TRENDS ECOL EVOL, V11, P255     ESTRADA A, 1999, AM J PRIMATOL, V48, P253     ESTRADA A, 1986, FRUGIVORES SEED DISP     ESTRADA A, 1991, J TROP ECOL, V7, P459     ESTRADA A, 1998, J TROP ECOL 5, V14, P577     FEER F, 1999, J TROP ECOL, V15, P1     FEER F, 2001, REV ECOL-TERRE VIE, V56, P119     FINCHER GT, 1973, J PARASITOL, V59, P396     FORGET PM, 1991, TROP ECOL, V32, P155     GILL BD, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P211     GRANJON L, 1996, ACTA OECOL, V17, P673     GUILLOTIN M, 1994, J ZOOL, V233, P551     HALFFTER G, 1966, FOLIA ENTOMOL MEXICO, V12, P1     HALFFTER G, 1992, FOLIA ENTOMOLOGICA M, V84, P131     HALFFTER G, 1982, NESTING BEHAV DUNG B     HALLWACHS W, 1994, CLUMSY DANCE AGOUTI     HANSKI I, 1989, ECOSYSTEMS WORLD, P489     HINGRAT Y, 1999, EFFETS FRAGMENTATION     HOWDEN HF, 1981, CONTRIBUTIONS AM ENT, V18, P1     HOWE HF, 1980, ECOLOGY, V61, P944     HOWE HF, 1989, OECOLOGIA, V79, P417     JANZEN DH, 1982, ECOLOGY, V63, P1887     JANZEN DH, 1986, FRUGIVORES SEED DISP, P251     JULLIOT C, 1996, INT J PRIMATOL, V17, P239     KLEIN BC, 1989, ECOLOGY, V70, P1715     LAURANCE WF, 1997, TROPICAL FOREST REMN     LOVEJOY TE, 1986, CONSERVATION BIOL SC, P257     MALCOLM JR, 1997, TROPICAL FOREST REMN, P207     PECK SB, 1984, BIOTROPICA, V16, P235     PECK SB, 1982, CAN J ZOOL, V60, P1624     POWELL AH, 1987, BIOTROPICA, V19, P176     RATIARISON S, 1999, FRAGMENTATION FOREST     RINGUET S, 1998, THESIS MUSEUM NAT HI     SABATIER D, 1983, THESIS U SCI TECHNIQ     SHEPHERD VE, 1998, J TROP ECOL 2, V14, P199     SILVIUS KM, 1999, THESIS U FLORIDA     SIMMEN B, 1996, INT J PRIMATOL, V17, P661     SOKAL RR, 1981, BIOMETRY     SOUZA OFF, 1994, J TROP ECOL, V10, P197     SPIRONELLO WR, 1999, THESIS U CAMBRIDGE U     VANROOSMALEN MGM, 1985, ACTA AMAZONICA, V19, P1     VULINEC K, 2000, FLA ENTOMOL, V83, P229FrenchArticle8616CUREV ECOL-TERRE VIE},
	pages = {165-179},
	abstract = {The effect of seed burial by dung beetles on seed survival and seedling establishment in Tetragastris altissima (Burseraceae) was measured on 3 sites of continuous forest and 7 islands in the man-inundated rain forest of Saint-Eugene, French Guiana. Experiments using a total of 250 seeds were performed using wire enclosures open to dung beetles but excluding terrestrial seed predators. Fragmentation had no effect on the rate of dung disappearance at 12, 24 and 48 h because there was a high variability between sites. On average, 24 \% of seeds were buried by dung beetles after 72 h, Overall, there was no effect of fragmentation due to variation between sites. Dung burial rates were positively correlated with rarefaction of the dung beetle samples collected on the different sites. They were also positively correlated with weighted abundances of large diurnal tunnellers after 12 h and to total tunnellers after 24 h. Seed burial was positively correlated to weighted abundance of large nocturnal tunnellers and of total tunnellers. The species diversity and abundance were positively related to area that did not involve a correlation between seed burial rates and area. After 72 h, survival rate of protected seeds at ground surface was significantly larger (78 \%) than for non protected seeds (22 \%), which were attacked by rodents. There was no difference between continuous forest and islands. Eight percent of buried seeds emerged, i.e. 2 \% of all seeds deposited. Burial depth significantly affected the rate of emergence of buried seeds. Ninety percent of seeds at surface germinated versus 0 \% at 10 and 15 cm. The effects of seed burial by dung beetles on early recruitment of T altissima was low and highly variable between sites in relation with the structure of the community of Scarabaeidae and intensity of seed predation.},
	keywords = {Amazonia, COLEOPTERA, communities, dispersal, french-guiana, los-tuxtlas, Mexico, monkeys alouatta-palliata, Scarabaeidae, seed, tropical rain-forest},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000179284800011},
	author = {Hingrat, Y. and Feer, F.}
}
@article {1763,
	title = {Effets de la fragmentation forestiere sur l{\textquoteright}activite des coleopteres corrophages: disperson secondaire des graine en Guyane Franciase},
	journal = {Revue d{\textquoteright}ecologie},
	volume = {Supplement},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {165-179},
	keywords = {Dung beetles},
	author = {Hingrat, Y. and Feer, F.}
}
@article {1612,
	title = {Dung and carrion beetles of the rain forest of French Guiana: composition and structure of the guild},
	journal = {Annales De La Societe Entomologique De France},
	volume = {36},
	number = {1},
	year = {2000},
	note = {Times Cited: 1Cited Reference Count: 60Cited References:      ANDRESEN E, 1999, BIOTROPICA, V31, P145     ANDRESEN E, 1994, THESIS FRUGIVORY PRI     BALTHASAR V, 1963, MONOGRAPHIE SCARABAE, V1     BONGERS F, 2000, BIOL MONOGRAPH SERIE     BRYAN RP, 1976, AUSTR J AGR RES, V27, P567     CAMBEFORT Y, 1986, ACTA OECOL-OEC GEN, V7, P17     CAMBEFORT Y, 1982, ANN SOC ENTOMOL FR, V18, P433     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P156     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P198     CAMBEFORT Y, 1985, REV FRANCAISE ENTOMO, V7, P337     CASWELL H, 1976, ECOL MONOGR, V46, P327     DADDA AA, 1998, NEOTROPICAL PRIMATES, V6, P111     DAJOZ R, 1994, ANN SOC ENTOMOL FR, V30, P159     DAVIS AJ, 1993, THESIS U LEEDS RU     DUBOST G, 1987, MAMMALIA, V51, P415     ESTRADA A, 1986, FRUGIVORES SEED DISP, P9     ESTRADA A, 1993, J TROP ECOL, V9, P45     ESTRADA A, 1991, J TROP ECOL, V7, P459     FEER F, 1999, J TROP ECOL 2, V15, P129     FINCHER GT, 1973, J PARASITOL, V59, P396     FISCHER RA, 1943, THEORETICAL POPULATI, V7, P197     GILL BD, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P211     GLANZ WE, 1990, 4 NEOTROPICAL RAINFO, P287     HALFFTER G, 1993, BIOL INT, V27, P15     HALFFTER G, 1966, FOLIA ENTOMOL MEXICO, V12, P1     HALFFTER G, 1992, FOLIA ENTOMOLOGICA M, V84, P131     HALFFTER G, 1991, FOLIA ENTOMOLOGICA M, V82, P195     HALFFTER G, 1982, NESTING BEHAV DUNG B     HALFFTER G, 1980, QUAEST ENTOMOL, V16, P599     HANSKI I, 1983, ACTA ZOOL FENN, V167, P1     HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P5     HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P283     HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P303     HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P330     HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P350     HANSKI I, 1982, OIKOS, V38, P210     HANSKI I, 1989, TROPICAL RAIN FOREST, P489     HEINRICH B, 1979, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V52, P484     HOWDEN HF, 1975, BIOTROPICA, V7, P77     HOWDEN HF, 1981, CONTRIBUTIONS AM ENT, V18, P1     JANZEN DH, 1982, ECOLOGY, V63, P1887     JANZEN DH, 1982, SCIENCE, V215, P19     KLEIN BC, 1989, ECOLOGY, V70, P1715     KOHLMAN B, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P116     LAURANCE WF, 1997, TROPICAL FOREST REMN     LOBO JM, 1988, REV ECOL BIOL SOL, V25, P77     LOUZADA JNC, 1997, REV BRASILEIRA ENTOM, V41, P117     LOVEJOY TE, 1990, 4 NEOTROPICAL RAINFO, P60     MAGURRAN AE, 1988, ECOLOGICAL DIVERSITY     MCARTHUR RH, 1972, GEOGRAPHICAL ECOLOGY     PECK SB, 1984, BIOTROPICA, V16, P235     PECK SB, 1982, CAN J ZOOL, V60, P1624     PONCY O, 1998, FOREST BIODIVERSITY, P389     SABATIER D, 1990, BOIS FOR TROP, V219, P31     SHEPHERD VE, 1998, J TROP ECOL 2, V14, P199     SIMMEN B, 1998, CR ACAD SCI III-VIE, V321, P699     TERBORGH J, 1997, TROPICAL FOREST REMN, P256     VOSS RS, 1996, B AM MUS NAT HIST, V230, P1     WALTER P, 1984, B SOC ENTOMOLOGIQUE, V88, P514     WOODRUFF RE, 1973, SCARAB BEETLES FLORI, V8FrenchArticle319LXANN SOC ENTOMOL FR},
	month = {Jan-Mar},
	pages = {29-43},
	abstract = {A guild of neotropical rain forest dung and carrion beetles, has been studied in a locality of undisturbed rain forest in French Guiana. A total of 87 species was captured. Scarabaeidae with 76 species were the most numerous;Aphodiidae and other minor families were rare. Species diversity and equitability were high and showed small variation with seasons. Tunneller species ( 48 species) were larger and more numerous than roller species (18 species) and dwellers. Food preferences, and activity rhythm of species were described.},
	keywords = {alouatta-palliata, COLEOPTERA, communities, ivory-coast, los-tuxtlas, Mexico, monkeys, Scarabaeidae, seed dispersal},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000087344100002},
	author = {Feer, F.}
}
@article {1613,
	title = {Spatio-temporal, variations in post-dispersal seed fate},
	journal = {Biotropica},
	volume = {34},
	number = {4},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Times Cited: 0Cited Reference Count: 78Cited References:      ALMEIDA SS, 1995, BOL MUS PARA EMILIO, V11, P265     ANDRESEN E, 1999, BIOTROPICA, V31, P145     ANDRESEN E, 1994, THESIS DUKE U DURHAM     ANDRESEN E, 2000, THESIS U FLORIDA GAI     ASQUITH NM, 1997, ECOLOGY, V78, P941     BONGERS F, 2001, NOURAGUES DYNAMICS P     BOUCHER DH, 1981, OECOLOGIA, V49, P409     BREWER SW, 1999, J VEG SCI, V10, P165     BURKEY TV, 1993, BIOL CONSERV, V66, P139     BURKEY TV, 1994, OECOLOGIA, V97, P533     CHAPMAN CA, 1989, BIOTROPICA, V21, P148     CHAPMAN CA, 1996, J TROP ECOL 4, V12, P491     CHAUVET S, 1997, THESIS U PIERRE MARI     CONNELL JH, 2000, ECOLOGY, V81, P568     DESTEVEN D, 1984, OIKOS, V43, P207     DIRZO R, 1986, FRUGIVORES SEED DISP, P237     ESTRADA A, 1991, J TROP ECOL, V7, P459     FEER F, 1999, ANN SOC ENTOMOL FR, V36, P29     FEER F, 1999, J TROP ECOL, V15, P1     FEER F, 2001, NOURAGUES DYNAMICS P, P227     FEER F, 2001, REV ECOL-TERRE VIE, V56, P119     FORGET PM, 2000, BIOTROPICA, V32, P452     FORGET PM, 1994, BIOTROPICA, V26, P420     FORGET PM, 1992, BIOTROPICA, V24, P408     FORGET PM, 1990, J TROP ECOL, V6, P459     FORGET PM, 1999, J TROP ECOL 3, V15, P301     FORGET PM, 2001, J TROP ECOL 4, V17, P593     FORGET PM, 2001, NOURAGUES DYNAMICS P, P265     FORGET PM, 1993, OECOLOGIA, V94, P255     FORGET PM, 1991, OECOLOGIA, V87, P596     FORGET PM, 1998, S BRIT ECOLOGICAL SO, V37, P25     FORGET PM, 1991, TROP ECOL, V32, P155     GLANZ WE, 1990, 4 NEOTROPICAL RAINFO, P287     GRIMALDI M, 2001, NOURAGUES DYNAMICS P, P9     GUILLOTIN M, 1994, J ZOOL, V233, P551     GUILLOTIN M, 1982, REV ECOL-TERRE VIE, V36, P337     HAMMOND DS, 1998, DYNAMICS TROPICAL CO, P51     HENRY O, 2000, BIOTROPICA, V32, P364     HOCH GA, 1997, J TROP ECOL 1, V13, P51     HOWE HF, 1982, ANNU REV ECOL SYST, V13, P201     HOWE HF, 1980, ECOLOGY, V61, P944     HOWE HF, 1989, OECOLOGIA, V79, P417     HOWE HF, 1986, SEED DISPERSAL, P123     JANSEN PA, 2001, NOURAGUES DYNAMICS P, P275     JANZEN DH, 1970, AM NAT, V104, P501     JANZEN DH, 1974, BIOTROPICA, V6, P69     JANZEN DH, 1982, ECOLOGY, V63, P1887     JANZEN DH, 1986, FRUGIVORES SEED DISP, P251     JULLIOT C, 1996, AM J PRIMATOL, V40, P261     JULLIOT C, 1998, FOLIA PRIMATOL, V69, P43     JULLIOT C, 1996, INT J PRIMATOL, V17, P239     JULLIOT C, 1997, J ECOL, V85, P431     JULLIOT C, 1992, THESIS U TOURS TOURS     KILTIE RA, 1981, BIOTROPICA, V13, P141     LAMBERT JE, 2002, SEED DISPERSAL PROCE, P365     MALCOLM JR, 1988, ACTA AMAZONICA, V18, P67     OCONNELL MA, 1989, J MAMMAL, V70, P532     OSUNKOYA OO, 1994, AUST J ECOL, V19, P52     PERES CA, 1997, J TROP ECOL 4, V13, P595     PONCY O, 1998, FOREST BIODIVERSITY, P389     PONCY O, 2001, NOURAGUES DYNAMICS P, P31     RANKIN JM, 1978, THESIS U MICHIGAN AN     RINGUET S, 1998, THESIS MUSEUM NATL H     SABATIER D, 1990, BOIS FOR TROP, V219, P31     SABATIER D, 1985, REV ECOLOGIE TERRE V, V40, P298     SCHUPP EW, 1992, AM NAT, V140, P526     SCHUPP EW, 1995, ECOSCIENCE, V2, P267     SCHUPP EW, 1988, OECOLOGIA, V76, P525     SHEPHERD VE, 1998, J TROP ECOL 2, V14, P199     SIMMEN B, 1998, CR ACAD SCI III-VIE, V321, P699     SIMMEN B, 1996, INT J PRIMATOL, V17, P661     SOKAL RR, 1981, BIOMETRY     SORK VL, 1987, ECOLOGY, V68, P1341     SPIRONELLO WR, 1996, CHRYSOPHYLLUM AMAZON     SPIRONELLO WR, 1999, THESIS U CAMBRIDGE C     TERBORGH J, 1993, VEGETATIO, V107, P375     VOSS RS, 1996, B AM MUS NAT HIST, V230, P1     ZHANG SY, 1995, BIOTROPICA, V27, P397EnglishArticle637XVBIOTROPICA},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {555-566},
	abstract = {The post-dispersal fate of Chrysophyllum lucentifolium (a canopy tree; Sapotaceae) seeds was analyzed in French Guiana over three consecutive years. Experiments using 750 thread- marked seeds were performed to investigate seed removal, predation, and caching by terrestrial vertebrates on howler monkey (Alouatta seniculus) defecation sites, where clumps of intact C lucentifolium seeds were observed. Year-to-year variations in seed fare during the peak fruiting period were considered in relation to overall fruit and seed resource availability estimated by a raked-trail survey. The effect of two forest areas, which differed in soil and floristic composition, was examined with conspecific fruiting tree density as a covariant. Exclosure versus open treatment was used to discriminate small rodents (not larger than a spiny rat) from other vertebrates. The presence of fresh howler dung did not affect seed fate after 20 days as shown by comparisons between defecation sites and control during the first year. There was a significant effect of year on the percentage of seeds remaining after 20 days. Low seed removal in 1995 and 1996 (compared to 1997) corresponded to higher overall fruiting and higher fruiting of C lucentifolium, or the presence of alternative resources for rodents. All effect of forest area was observed on the seed removal rate, which varied with years and protection. Comparatively, an effect of forest area on the percentage of seeds lost was observed in 1996 and an effect of treatment on the percentage of seeds eaten was seen in 1995. The mode of seed caching Suggested that spiny rats were the main seed remover. Results of this study suggest that greater seedling recruitment may Occur when large fruit crop and high howler dispersal co-occur with a lower impact of rodents (i.e., when rodents are saturated by abundant and diversified fruit resources such as in 1995). Such event synchrony, however, is highly unpredictable after only three years of study.},
	keywords = {americana caesalpiniaceae, Chysophyllum lucentifolium, density, French Guiana, french-gui, howler monkey, janzen-connell model, monkeys alouatta-seniculus, rodents, seed dispersal, seed predation, tree, tropical rain-forest, variation, vouacapoua-, yearly},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000180539800008},
	author = {Feer, F. and Forget, P. M.}
}
@article {1615,
	title = {Recruitment, a multi-stage process with unpredictable result: the case of a Sapotaceasae in French Guianan forest},
	journal = {Revue D Ecologie-La Terre Et La Vie},
	volume = {56},
	number = {2},
	year = {2001},
	note = {Times Cited: 2Cited Reference Count: 78Cited References:      ANDRESEN E, 1999, BIOTROPICA, V31, P145     ANDRESEN E, 1994, THESIS DUKE U     ANDRESEN E, 2000, THESIS U FLORIDA     BONGERS F, 2001, NOURAGUES DYNAMICS P     CHAUVET S, 1997, FACTEURS ECOLOGIQUES     CLARK DA, 1984, AM NAT, V124, P769     CONNELL JH, 1971, DYNAMICS POPULATIONS     CONNELL JH, 2000, ECOLOGY, V81, P568     DETHOISY B, 1998, JATBA REV ETHNOBIOLO, V40, P103     ESTRADA A, 1986, FRUGIVORES SEED DISP     ESTRADA A, 1991, J TROP ECOL, V7, P459     FEER F, 2000, ANN SOC ENTOMOL FR, V36, P29     FEER F, 1999, J TROP ECOL, V15, P1     FEER F, 2001, NOURAGUES DYNAMICS P     FORGET PM, 2000, BIOTROPICA     FORGET PM, 1998, DYNAMICS TROPICAL CO, P25     FORGET PM, 1997, J ECOL, V85, P693     FORGET PM, 1990, J TROP ECOL, V6, P459     FORGET PM, 1999, J TROP ECOL 3, V15, P301     FORGET PM, 1996, J TROP ECOL 6, V12, P751     FORGET PM, 1998, JATBA REV ETHNOBIOLO, V40, P79     FORGET PM, 2001, NOURAGUES DYNAMICS P     FORGET PM, 1993, OECOLOGIA, V94, P255     FORGET PM, 1991, OECOLOGIA, V87, P596     FORGET PM, 1991, TROP ECOL, V32, P155     FRAGOSO JMV, 1997, J ECOL, V85, P519     GRIMALDI M, 2001, NOURAGUES DYNAMICS P     GUILLOTIN M, 1994, J ZOOL, V233, P551     GUILLOTIN M, 1982, MAMMALIA, V46, P299     HAMMOND DS, 1998, DYNAMICS TROPICAL CO, P51     HAMMOND DS, 1995, ECOLOGY, V76, P2544     HOWE HF, 1982, ANNU REV ECOL SYST, V13, P201     HOWE HF, 1980, ECOLOGY, V61, P944     HOWE HF, 1982, ECOLOGY TROPICAL FOR, P189     HOWE HF, 1989, OECOLOGIA, V79, P417     HOWE HF, 1986, SEED DISPERSAL, P123     JANZEN DH, 1970, AM NAT, V104, P501     JANZEN DH, 1971, ANNU REV ECOL SYST, V2, P465     JANZEN DH, 1982, ECOLOGY, V63, P1887     JANZEN DH, 1969, EVOLUTION, V23, P1     JANZEN DH, 1982, SCIENCE, V215, P19     JANZEN DH, 1978, TROPICAL TREES LIVIN, P83     JORDANO P, 1987, ECOLOGY, V68, P1711     JULIENLAFERRIER.D, 2000, NOURAGUES DYNAMICS P     JULLIOT C, 1996, AM J PRIMATOL, V40, P261     JULLIOT C, 1996, INT J PRIMATOL, V17, P239     JULLIOT C, 1997, J ECOL, V85, P431     JULLIOT C, 2001, NOURAGUES DYNAMICS P     JULLIOT C, 1994, REV ECOL-TERRE VIE, V49, P331     JULLIOT C, 1992, THESIS U TOURS     LAURANCE WF, 1997, TROPICAL FOREST REMN     NOTMAN E, 1996, OECOLOGIA, V106, P221     OSUNKOYA OO, 1994, AUST J ECOL, V19, P52     PECK SB, 1984, BIOTROPICA, V16, P235     PERES CA, 1997, J TROP ECOL 4, V13, P595     PONCY O, 1998, FOREST BIODIVERSITY, P389     PONCY O, 2001, NOURAGUES DYNAMICS P     PRICE MV, 1986, SEED DISPERSAL, P191     RATIARISON S, 1999, FRAGMENTATION FOREST     RINGUET S, 1998, THESIS MUSEUM NATL H     ROBINSON JG, 1991, NEOTROPICAL WILDLIFE     SCHUPP EW, 1995, ECOSCIENCE, V2, P267     SCHUPP EW, 1988, OECOLOGIA, V76, P525     SCHUPP EW, 1988, OIKOS, V51, P71     SCHUPP EW, 1993, VEGETATIO, V107, P15     SILVIUS KM, 1999, THESIS U FLORIDA     SIMMEN B, 1998, CR ACAD SCI III-VIE, V321, P699     SIMMEN B, 1996, INT J PRIMATOL, V17, P661     SIMMEN B, 2001, NOURAGUES DYNAMICS P     SPIRONELLO WR, 1996, C EC BRAS BRAZ, P     SPIRONELLO WR, 1999, THESIS U CAMBRIDGE     VANDERMEER JH, 1979, TROPICAL ECOLOGY, V20, P17     VANROOSMALEN MGM, 1985, ACTA AMAZONICA, V19, P1     VOSS RS, 1996, B AM MUS NAT HIST, V230, P1     WENNY DG, 1999, J TROP ECOL 4, V15, P481     WILLSON MF, 1988, AUST J ECOL, V13, P137     ZHANG SY, 1995, BIOTROPICA, V27, P397     ZHANG SY, 1994, THESIS U PARIS 6FrenchArticle445GYREV ECOL-TERRE VIE},
	pages = {119-145},
	abstract = {The net result of the multi-stage recruitment from seed production to seedling establishment was assessed along 3 consecutive years in Chrysophyllum lucentifolium (Sapotaceae) in a mature rain forest of French Guiana. According to year, between 37 and 42 \% of seed production was primarily dispersed away from fruiting trees without damage, especially by primates. Seeds dispersed in howler monkeys{\textquoteright} (Alouatta seniculus) defecation were serendipitously buried by dung beetles (14\%), eaten by terrestrial vertebrates such as rodents, or destroyed by insects or pathogens. The proportion of seeds secondarily dispersed by scatterhoarding rodents Varied from 3 to 17 \% according to year. The survival rate of unremoved and uneaten seeds after 20 days, varied from 2 to 56 \% according to year and pattern of spatial distribution generated by primary dispersal (clump or scattered). The empirical model based on the seed and seedling fate diagram showed that, according to years, from 6 to 15 \% of produced seeds lead to seedling establishment away from parent tree. Variations in patterns of seed removal and predation by rodents were the most crucial factors governing the effectiveness of primary and secondary dispersers and the spatial distribution of seedlings. Between-year variations of recruitment were important and stochastic because the fluctuations of seed production and seed dispersal/predation varied independently. The proposed empirical model has thus no predictive value. However it can be useful for instance to test the effects of seed size and of some faunal perturbations.},
	keywords = {fruit, monkeys, monkeys alouatta-seniculus, population, red howler, rodents, seed-dispersal, spatial patterns, tree, tropical rain-forest, vouacapoua-americana caesalpiniaceae},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000169450800002},
	author = {Feer, F. and Julliot, C. and Simmen, B. and Forget, P. M. and Bayart, F. and Chauvet, S.}
}
