@article {1435,
	title = {Dung beetles (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) attracted to woolly monkey (Lagothrix lagothricha Humboldt) dung at Tinigua National Park, Colombia},
	journal = {The Coleopterists Bulletin},
	volume = {53},
	number = {2},
	year = {1999},
	note = {have book-need to scan},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {155-159},
	abstract = {The species list of Scarabeinae attracted to woolly monkey (Lagothrix lagothricha Humboldt) dung at Tinigua National Park, Meta, Colombia is presented. Nineteen species of dung beetles in nine genera were captured, representing 36.5\% of 52 species that have been found in the study area. This high proportion and the fact that woolly monkeys are the most abundant diurnal mammals in the study site suggest that woolly monkey dung can be especially important for the dung beetle community at Tinigua National Park. The results indicate the importance of conducting studies on the type and availability of food resources for tropical dung beetles.},
	keywords = {mammals},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000081116000008 },
	author = {Castellanos, Maria Clara and Escobar S. , Federico and Stevenson, Pablo R.}
}
@article {1581,
	title = {Diversidad de Coleopteros coprofagos (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) en un mosaico de habitats en la reserva natural Nunak, Guaviare, Colombia},
	journal = {Acta Zoologica Mexicana (nueva serie)},
	volume = {79},
	year = {2000},
	pages = {103-121},
	keywords = {Amazon, Colombia, diversity, dung beetle, Scarabaeinae, spatial heterogeneity},
	author = {Escobar S. , Federico}
}
@article {1582,
	title = {Seleccion de habitat y comportamiento sexual de Sulcophanaeus velutinus (Murray 1856) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) en un bosque de montana en Colombia},
	journal = {Acta Zoologica Mexicana (nueva serie)},
	volume = {90},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {307-310},
	author = {Escobar S. , Federico}
}
@article {1583,
	title = {Feeding Habitats and distributional records of 11 species of Neotropical Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)},
	journal = {The Coleopterists Bulletin},
	volume = {57},
	number = {2},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {131-132},
	author = {Escobar S. , Federico}
}
@article {1584,
	title = {Diversity and composition of dung beetle (Scarabaeinae) assemblages in a heterogeneous Andean landscape},
	journal = {Tropical Zoology},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2004},
	note = {digital copy},
	pages = {123-136},
	keywords = {andean, community organization, composition, modification (biological conservation 2007), Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae},
	author = {Escobar S. , Federico}
}
@article {1585,
	title = {Space and time distribution along a succesional gradient of coprofagous coleopterans (Scarabaeinae, Aphodiinae) in a tropical montane forest, Narino Colombia},
	journal = {Revista De Biologia Tropical},
	volume = {48},
	number = {4},
	year = {2000},
	note = {Times Cited: 0Cited Reference Count: 39Cited References:      AMAT G, 1997, CALDASIA, V19, P191     ANDRADE IG, 1992, BIODIVERSIDAD CONSER, P9     BREYTENBACH W, 1986, J ENTOMOL SOC S AFR, V49, P359     CAVALIER J, 1991, BOSQUES NIEBLA COLOM, P69     DOUBE BM, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P133     EDWARDS PB, 1991, FUNCT ECOL, V5, P617     ELLIOT JM, 1977, SOME METHODS STAT AN     EMLEN DJ, 1997, P ROY SOC LOND B BIO, V264, P567     ESCOBAR F, 1999, 4 REUN LAT AM SCAR V, P135     ESCOBAR F, 2000, ACTA ZOOL MEX, V79, P103     ESCOBAR F, 1997, CALDASIA, V19, P419     ESCOBAR F, 1994, THESIS U VALLE CALI     ESPINAL S, 1977, ZONAS VIDA FORMACION, V13     ESTRADA A, 1993, J TROP ECOL, V9, P45     FAVILA ME, 1997, ACTA ZOOLOGICA MEXIC, V72, P1     FAVILA ME, 1993, ETHOL ECOL EVOL, V5, P319     FAVILA ME, 1988, FOLIA ENTOMOL MEX, V75, P117     FINCHER GT, 1973, COL B, V27, P33     FORMAN RTT, 1995, LAND MOSAICS     HALFFTER G, 1993, BIOL INT     HALFFTER G, 1966, FOLIA ENTOMOL MEXICO, V12, P1     HALFFTER G, 1992, FOLIA ENTOMOLOGICA M, V84, P131     HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLES ECOLOGY, P331     HANSKI I, 1989, ECOSYSTEMS WORLD B, V14, P489     HOBBS RJ, 1992, CONSERV BIOL, V6, P324     JANZEN HD, 1982, OIKOS, V33, P274     KATTAN GH, 1996, FOREST PATCHES TROPI, P3     KLEIN BC, 1989, ECOLOGY, V70, P1715     LORD JM, 1990, CONSERV BIOL, V4, P197     NEALIS VG, 1977, CAN J ZOOL, V5, P138     ROUGON D, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P230     SAUNDERS DA, 1991, CONSERV BIOL, V5, P18     SOKAL RR, 1981, BIOMETRY     SOWIG P, 1996, ECOGRAPHY, V19, P254     SOWIG P, 1995, ECOGRAPHY, V18, P147     STOUFFER PC, 1995, ECOLOGY, V76, P2429     VANDERHAMMEN T, 1995, BIODIVERS CONSERV, P603     WEINS JA, 1993, OIKOS, V66, P369     WOLDA H, 1988, ANNU REV ECOL SYST, V19, P1FrenchArticle450BDREV BIOL TROP},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {961-975},
	abstract = {Dung beetles (Scarabaeinae y Aphodiinae) were used to evaluate the effects of human activities in the area surrounding La Planada Natural Reserve, southwestern Colombia. During 1993 we monitored three habitats: primary and secondary forest, and open fields used for cattle grazing. A total of 55 295 trap / hours, evenly distributed among the three habitat types, captured 9 115 individuals (18 species, 11 general. There were differences in species richness between habitats (F-2,F-9 = 29.88; P < 0.001), an in number of individuals (F-2,F-9 = 36.22; P < 0.001). Collecting sites differed within habitats. Cluster analyses show that species composition differs between habitats with and without tree cover. Open areas act as barriers for movements of forest species. Differences between habitats and collecting sites may reflect high environmental heterogeneity, land use history of the sites or the influence of nearby disturbance. Some of the species found in open fields come from lower elevations and are usually associated with intense human disturbance. The proportion of digging and rolling: species is similar in both primary and secondary forest, nocturnal species are more abundant; in open areas rolling species are absent and the number of diurnal species increases. We found no relationship between rainfall and species richness (r(2) = 0.26; P = 0.41), nor between rainfall and number of individuals collected throughout the year (r(2) = 0.07; P = 0.84). For all species the number of individuals collected decreased during dry season and during the onset of the rainy season.},
	keywords = {Aphodiinae, Colombian Andes, consequences, diversity and conservation, Dung beetles, fragmentation, heterogeneity, Scarabaeinae, soil-moisture, spatial, succession gradient},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000169720900020},
	author = {Escobar S. , Federico and de Ulloa, P. C.}
}
@article {1586,
	title = {From forest to pasture: an evaluation of the influence of environment and biogeography on the structure of dung beetle (Scarabaeinae) assemblages along three altitudinal grafients in the Neotropical region},
	journal = {Ecography},
	volume = {30},
	year = {2007},
	month = {Feb},
	pages = {193-208},
	abstract = {The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of environmental (associated with the expansion of cattle ranching) and biogeographical factors on the diversity of dung beetle (Scarabaeinae) assemblages along three altitudinal gradients in the Neotropical region. One gradient is located in the Mexican Transition Zone, on the Cofre de Perote mountain, the other two are in the northern Andes (the Chiles Volcano and the R{\i} ́o Cusiana Basin). For the three gradients, the number of species decreased as altitude increased. On the Cofre de Perote, regardless of altitude, the number of species and of individuals was similar in both forest and pasture, while species composition was different between habitats. On this mountain, species turnover in pastures was characterized by the addition of new species as altitude increased. In the northern Andes, species diversity was always greater in the forest than in the pasture, and species turnover between habitats was notably influenced by species loss with increasing altitude. As such the pasture fauna of the northern Andes was an impoverished derivative of the fauna present in the forests at the same altitude characterized by species of Neotropical affinity with a limited capacity for colonizing open, sunnier habitats. The opposite occurs in the areas used by cattle on the Cofre de Perote. This habitat has its own fauna, which is mainly comprised of Holarctic and Afrotropical species adapted to the prevailing environmental conditions of areas lacking arboreal vegetation. These results suggest that the impact on beetle communities caused by human activities can differ depending on the geographic position of each mountain and, particularly, the biogeographical history of the species assemblage that lives there.},
	author = {Escobar S. , Federico and Halffter, Gonzalo and Arellano, Lucrecia}
}
@article {1587,
	title = {Altitudinal variation of dung beetle (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) assemblages in the Colombian Andes},
	journal = {Global Ecology and Biogeography},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {327-337},
	keywords = {Altitudinal distribution, Colombian Andes, composition, diversity, Dung beetles, Scarabaeinae, species co-occurrence},
	author = {Escobar S. , Federico and Lobo, Jorge M. and Halffter, Gonzalo}
}
@article {1588,
	title = {Assessing the origin of Neotropical mountain dung beetle assemblages (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae): the comparative influence of vertical and horizontal colonization},
	journal = {Journal of Biogeography},
	volume = {33},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {1793-1803},
	keywords = {Colombian Andes, colonization, Dung beetles, elevational gradients, historical factors, mountain assemblages, Scarabaeinae},
	author = {Escobar S. , Federico and Lobo, Jorge M. and Halffter, Gonzalo}
}
@article {1721,
	title = {Instability of copronecrophagous beetle assemblages (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) in a mountainous tropical landscape of Mexico},
	journal = {Environmental Entomology},
	volume = {36},
	number = {6},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {1397-1407},
	abstract = {We analyzed changes over time in species composition and functional guild structure (temporal beta diversity) for natural assemblages and those modi{\TH}ed by humans in a fragmented, tropical mountain landscape. The assemblages belong to cloud forests (the original vegetation type), secondary forests, traditional shaded coffee plantations, commercial shaded coffee plantations, and a cattle pasture. Copronecrophagous beetles, subfamily Scarabaeinae (Insecta: Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), were used as the indicator group. This group has been used in previous studies and other tropical forests and has been found to be a good indicator of the effects of anthropogenic change. For each assemblage, we compared samples that were collected several years apart. Changes were found in species composition, order of abundance, and in the proportion that a given species is present in the different functional groups. The changes that occurred between samplings affected the less abundant species in the cloud forest and in the pasture. In the other vegetation types, both abundant and less abundant species were affected. Their order of abundance and proportion in the different guilds also changed. This study shows that, although landscape richness remains relatively constant, richness at the local level (alpha diversity) changes notably even over short lapses of time. This could be a characteristic of landscapes with intermediate degrees of disturbance (such as those that have been partially modi{\TH}ed for human use), where assemblage composition is very fluid. },
	keywords = {alpha diversity, beta diversity, cloud forest, fragmented landscapes, Scarabaeinae},
	author = {Halffter, Gonzalo and Pineda, Eduardo and Arellano, Lucrecia and Escobar S. , Federico}
}
@article {2004,
	title = {Diversity and habitat use of dung beetles in a restored Andean landscape},
	journal = {Biotropica},
	volume = {34},
	number = {1},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {181-187},
	keywords = {Andes, Colombia, diversity, dung beetle, habitat use, landscape, restoration, Scarabaeidae},
	author = {Medina, Claudia A. and Escobar S. , Federico and Kattan, Gustavo H.}
}
@article {2082,
	title = {Escarabajos coprofagos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) de la provincia de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta},
	journal = {Biota Colombiana},
	volume = {8},
	number = {1},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {77-86},
	keywords = {Colombia., Dung beetles, Scarabaeidae, Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta Region, species list},
	author = {Noriega, Jorge and Solis, Cesil and Escobar S. , Federico and Realpe, E.}
}
