@article {2002,
	title = {The verification and application of bioindicators: a case study of dung beetles in a savanna ecosystem},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Ecology},
	volume = {39},
	number = {4},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Times Cited: 1Cited Reference Count: 50Cited References:      ANDERSEN AN, 2002, J APPL ECOL, V39, P8     BALMFORD A, 1996, P ROY SOC LOND B BIO, V263, P1571     BROWN JH, 1984, AM NAT, V124, P255     BULMER MG, 1979, PRINCIPLES STAT     CARO TM, 1999, CONSERV BIOL, V13, P805     COLLETT D, 1991, MODELLING BINARY DAT     COLWELL RK, 2000, TRENDS ECOL EVOL, V15, P70     COUSINS SH, 1991, TRENDS ECOL EVOL, V6, P190     DAVIS AJ, 2001, J APPL ECOL, V38, P593     DAVIS ALV, 1997, AFR J ECOL, V35, P10     DAVIS ALV, 1994, J NAT HIST, V28, P383     DEMPSTER JP, 1998, INSECT POPULATIONS T     DIAMOND JM, 1975, ECOLOGY EVOLUTION CO, P342     DOUBE BM, 1983, B ENTOMOL RES, V73, P357     DOUBE BM, 1987, ORG COMMUNITIES PAST, P255     DUFRENE M, 1997, ECOL MONOGR, V67, P345     ERHARDT A, 1991, CONSERVATION INSECTS, P213     FAVILA ME, 1997, ACTA ZOOLOGICA MEXIC, V72, P1     GASTON KJ, 1997, J ANIM ECOL, V66, P579     GASTON KJ, 1994, RARITY     GREENSLADE PJM, 1983, AM NAT, V122, P352     HILTY J, 2000, BIOL CONSERV, V92, P185     JENKINS DW, 1971, MANS IMPACT TERRESTR, P351     KENT M, 1997, PROG PHYS GEOG, V21, P315     KINGSOLVER JG, 1989, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V62, P314     KITCHING RL, 2000, J APPL ECOL, V37, P284     KLEIN BC, 1989, ECOLOGY, V70, P1715     KREMEN C, 1994, CONSERV BIOL, V8, P388     LUFF ML, 1995, INSECTS CHANGING ENV, P400     LYONS SK, 1997, OIKOS, V79, P568     MAJER JD, 1998, J APPL ECOL, V35, P161     MCCULLAGH P, 1989, GEN LINEAR MODELS     MCGEOCH MA, 1998, BIOL REV, V73, P181     MCGEOCH MA, 1998, TRENDS ECOL EVOL, V13, P46     NOSS RF, 1990, CONSERV BIOL, V4, P355     RABINOWITZ D, 1981, BIOL ASPECTS RARE PL, P205     SOUTHWOOD TRE, 1977, J ANIM ECOL, V46, P337     SPECTOR S, 1998, CONSERVATION CHANGIN, P181     STEENKAMP HE, 1996, BIOL CONSERV, V78, P305     TAUBER MJ, 1998, ENVIRON ENTOMOL, V27, P523     THOMSON JD, 1996, ECOLOGY, V77, P1698     VANRENSBURG BJ, 1999, BIOL CONSERV, V88, P145     VANRENSBURG BJ, 2000, ECOLOGY, V81, P3163     VANRENSBURG BJ, 2000, J BIOGEOGR, V27, P1385     VANSTRAALEN NM, 1997, J APPL ECOL, V34, P217     VANWYK AE, 1996, BIODIVERSITY AFRICAN, P198     WEATHERLEY NS, 1990, J APPL ECOL, V27, P952     WEAVER JC, 1995, CONSERV BIOL, V9, P939     WILLIAMS KA, 1986, OECOLOGIA, V70, P362     WOLDA H, 1988, ANNU REV ECOL SYST, V19, P1EnglishArticle580UTJ APPL ECOL},
	month = {Aug},
	pages = {661-672},
	abstract = {1.Bioindicators of habitat quality and environmental change must be identified quantitatively and tested independently to confirm their usefulness. We used the indicator value (IndVal ) method, which combines measures of habitat fidelity and specificity, to assess the indicator responses of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Tembe Elephant Park, South Africa. The indicator responses were verified by sampling in different areas of the Park, 2 years after the responses were originally quantified. 2. We postulated that terrestrial insect indicators with different combinations of habitat specificity and fidelity might fulfil different indicator roles. Indicator species with strong habitat specificity (characteristic species) are unlikely to provide information on the direction of ecological change despite high vulnerability. Rather, detector species that span a range of ecological states are likely to be better in this role. We used IndVal for selecting such detector species that indicate the direction of ecological change. 3. Sets of species were found to be robust bioindicators, i.e. reliably characteristic across the habitat of which they were indicative. The suite of indicators was refined by discarding those with IndVal s that varied significantly across years, thus improving the confidence in the final suite of species selected. By clearly responding to a change in habitat between two ecological states, detector species provided information complementary to that provided by characteristic species. 4. The IndVal method enabled both the identification and testing of indicator (characteristic and detector) species. Because of its resilience to changes in abundance, IndVal is a particularly effective tool for ecological bioindication. 5. We conclude that both characteristic and detector species are useful bioindicators of habitat quality and conversion. We propose that bioindicators that are categorized and verified in this way will have valuable application in the monitoring of habitat integrity.},
	keywords = {assemblages, bioindication, COLEOPTERA, conservation, detector species, habitat, habitat specificity, indicator species, indicators, range size, Scarabaeidae, SELECTION, south-africa, species richness, transformation},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000177255000011},
	author = {McGeoch, M. A. and Van Rensburg, B. J. and Botes, A.}
}
@article {2257,
	title = {Conservation of heterogeneity among dung beetles in the Maputaland Centre of Endemism, South Africa},
	journal = {Biological Conservation},
	volume = {88},
	number = {2},
	year = {1999},
	note = {162JRBIOL CONSERV},
	month = {May},
	pages = {145-153},
	abstract = {In southern Africa the Maputaland Centre is one of the most significant, though less well-known, centres of biotic endemism. Here we examine variation in dung beetle assemblages between habitats and between reserves on two Maputaland reserves (Tembe Elephant Park and Sileza Nature Reserve). Dung beetle assemblages were found to be homogeneous within habitat types and within reserves, but assemblages differed between habitat types (Sand Forest and Mixed Woodland). There was, however, significant between-reserve heterogeneity in dung beetle assemblages for each particular habitat type. Given that there are significant differences in both dung beetles and plants, it is clear that these forests must be conserved in both Tembe and Sileza, especially because of increasing damage by elephants to Sand Forests in Tembe. We identify dung beetle indicator species that are specific to each habitat type in each reserve, and detector species that can be used to monitor changes in Sand Forests in those reserves. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Dung beetles},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000078342900001},
	author = {Van Rensburg, B. J. and McGeoch, M. A. and Chown, S. L. and Van Jaarsveld, A. S.}
}
