@article {1498,
	title = {Discontinuous gas-exchange cycles in Scarabaeus dung beetles (Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae): Mass-scaling and temperature dependence},
	journal = {Physiological and Biochemical Zoology},
	volume = {72},
	number = {5},
	year = {1999},
	note = {Times Cited: 15Cited Reference Count: 38Cited References:      BUCK J, 1955, BIOL BULL, V109, P144     COSSINS AR, 1987, TEMPERATURE BIOL ANI     DUNCAN FD, 1997, PHYSIOL ENTOMOL, V22, P310     EDWARDS PB, 1988, OECOLOGIA, V75, P527     HACK MA, 1997, PHYSIOL ENTOMOL, V22, P325     HADLEY NF, 1993, J EXP BIOL, V177, P169     HAMILTON AG, 1964, P ROY SOC LOND B BIO, V160, P373     KANWISHER JW, 1966, BIOL BULL, V130, P96     KESTLER P, 1985, ENV PHYSL BIOCH INSE, P137     LEVY RI, 1966, J INSECT PHYSL, V12, P83     LEVY RI, 1966, J INSECT PHYSL, V12, P105     LIGHTON JRB, 1996, ANNU REV ENTOMOL, V41, P309     LIGHTON JRB, 1993, J COMP PHYSIOL B, V163, P11     LIGHTON JRB, 1995, J EXP BIOL, V198, P521     LIGHTON JRB, 1995, J EXP BIOL, V198, P1613     LIGHTON JRB, 1993, J EXP BIOL, V180, P229     LIGHTON JRB, 1993, J EXP BIOL, V179, P233     LIGHTON JRB, 1992, J EXP BIOL, V173, P289     LIGHTON JRB, 1991, J EXP BIOL, V159, P249     LIGHTON JRB, 1990, J EXP BIOL, V154, P509     LIGHTON JRB, 1990, J EXP BIOL, V151, P71     LIGHTON JRB, 1988, J EXP BIOL, V134, P363     LIGHTON JRB, 1996, J INSECT PHYSIOL, V42, P347     LIGHTON JRB, 1988, J INSECT PHYSL, V34, P361     LIGHTON JRB, 1995, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V68, P43     LIGHTON JRB, 1994, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V67, P142     LIGHTON JRB, 1985, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V58, P390     LOUW GN, 1986, J EXP BIOL, V120, P443     MILLER PL, 1974, PHYSL INSECTA, V4, P345     PETERS RH, 1983, ECOLOGICAL IMPLICATI     PUNT A, 1956, MULL PHYSL COMP OECO, V4, P132     PUNT A, 1950, PHYSL COMP OECOL, V2, P59     QUINLAN MC, 1993, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V66, P628     SCHMIDTNIELSEN K, 1997, ANIMAL PHYSL ADAPTAT     SCHNEIDERMAN HA, 1955, BIOL BULL, V109, P123     SOKAL RR, 1995, BIOMETRY PRINCIPLES     WASSERTHAL LT, 1996, ADV INSECT PHYSIOL, V26, P297     WILKINS MB, 1960, NATURE, V185, P481EnglishArticle263MHPHYSIOL BIOCHEM ZOOL},
	month = {Sep-Oct},
	pages = {555-565},
	abstract = {Although discontinuous gas exchange cycles (DGC) are known from many insects, the effects of body size and temperature on DGC have not been widely examined. Here, these effects are investigated in five Scarabaeus dung beetle species from mesic and xeric habitats. The investigation tests two hypotheses: that previous estimates of the scaling exponents for the DGC and its characteristics are more broadly applicable to insects, and that, in response to temperature, both DGC frequency and the quantity of CO2 emitted during the open (O) phase (O-phase emission volume) are modulated. Like previous workers, we find that (V) over dot (CO2) scaled as mass(0.968) and that O-phase emission volume scaled as mass(0.968) . However, temperature- associated increases in (V) over dot (CO2) (Q(10){\textquoteright}s of 2.19- 2.65) were modulated mostly by increases in DGC frequency since O-phase volumes remained constant across temperature. Flutter (F)-phase and O-phase durations were closely coupled to DGC duration, although the relationship between closed (C)-phase duration and DGC duration was less pronounced. We show that ventilation phase coefficients, previously considered a measure of the proportional duration of each phase of the DGC, calculated from the slopes of these relationships are a measure of change in phase duration with change in DGC duration and not a measure of the way in which total DGC duration is apportioned among phases. We suggest that proportions be used to estimate the contribution of each of the phases to the total duration of the DGC.},
	keywords = {ant, emission, formicidae, hymenoptera, insects, metabolism, respiratory transpiration, ventilatory patterns, water-loss},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000084128100005},
	author = {Davis, A. L. V. and Chown, S. L. and Scholtz, C. H.}
}
@article {1549,
	title = {Discontinuous gas exchange in dung beetles: patterns and ecological implications},
	journal = {Oecologia},
	volume = {122},
	number = {4},
	year = {2000},
	note = {Times Cited: 11Cited Reference Count: 40Cited References:      BARTHOLOMEW GA, 1985, J COMP PHYSIOL B, V155, P155     BERNON G, 1981, THESIS U BOWLING GRE     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P22     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P36     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P51     CHOWN SL, 1995, FUNCT ECOL, V9, P30     DAVIS ALV, 1995, ACTA OECOL, V16, P641     DAVIS ALV, 1996, AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON, V58, P157     DOUBE BM, 1990, B ENTOMOL RES, V80, P259     DOUBE BM, 1983, B ENTOMOL RES, V73, P357     DOUBE BM, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P133     DUNCAN FD, 1997, PHYSIOL ENTOMOL, V22, P310     DUNCAN FD, 1993, PHYSIOL ENTOMOL, V18, P372     FERREIRA MC, 1972, REV ENT MOCAM, V11, P5     HADLEY NF, 1994, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V67, P175     HEINRICH B, 1979, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V52, P489     HOLTER P, 1991, PEDOBIOLOGIA, V35, P281     KESTLER A, 1985, ENV PHYSL BIOCH INSE, P137     KLOK CJ, 1994, THESIS U PRETORIA     LIGHTON JRB, 1996, ANNU REV ENTOMOL, V41, P309     LIGHTON JRB, 1991, CONCISE ENCY BIOL BI, P201     LIGHTON JRB, 1993, J COMP PHYSIOL B, V163, P11     LIGHTON JRB, 1995, J EXP BIOL, V198, P521     LIGHTON JRB, 1995, J EXP BIOL, V198, P1613     LIGHTON JRB, 1992, J EXP BIOL, V173, P289     LIGHTON JRB, 1991, J EXP BIOL, V159, P249     LIGHTON JRB, 1990, J EXP BIOL, V151, P71     LIGHTON JRB, 1988, J EXP BIOL, V134, P363     LIGHTON JRB, 1988, J INSECT PHYSL, V34, P361     LIGHTON JRB, 1994, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V67, P142     LIGHTON JRB, 1985, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V58, P390     MILLER PL, 1981, LOCOMOTION ENERGETIC, P367     OSBERG D, 1988, THESIS U WITWATERSRA     OSBERG DC, 1992, J ENTOMOL SOC S AFR, V55, P85     OSBERG DC, 1993, TROP ZOOL, V6, P243     PASCHALIDIS KM, 1974, THESIS RHODES U GRAH     SCHMIDTNIELSEN K, 1980, ANIMAL PHYSL ADAPTAT     SLAMA K, 1988, WOODS HOLE OCEANOGR, V175, P289     TRIBE GD, 1976, THESIS U NATAL PIETE     ZAR JH, 1984, BIOSTATISTICAL ANALEnglishArticle303YGOECOLOGIA},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {452-458},
	abstract = {This study correlates a distinctive pattern of external gas exchanger referred to as the discontinuous gas exchange cycle (DGC), observed in the laboratory, with habitat associations of five species of telecoprid dung beetles. The beetles were chosen from a variety of habitats that would be expected to present different amounts of water stress. All five species exhibited DGC. Sisyphus fasciculatus has been recorded only in woodland areas, and does not have strict spiracular control during its DGC. Anachalcos convexus and Scarabaeus rusticus are associated with open mesic habitats. Both species exhibit a distinct DGC, previously found in some other insect species, but intermediate within this study group. Sc. flavicornis and Circellium bacchus are typically found in arid regions, and have the most unusual form of DGC with spiracular fluttering during the burst phase. These results support the hypothesis that spiracular fluttering reduces respiratory water loss. From this study we conclude that the DGC is an ancestral adaptation. most probably as a result of anoxic environments in underground burrows, but that spiracular control is enhanced to reduce respiratory water lass in beetle species that live in arid habitats.},
	keywords = {ant, COLEOPTERA, discontinuous gas exchange cycle, formicidae, habitat association, hymenoptera, namib desert, respiration, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae, south-africa, telecoprid, tenebrionid beetles, terrestrial insects, ventilatory patterns},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000086455000002},
	author = {Duncan, F. D. and Byrne, M. J.}
}
@article {2199,
	title = {Les mofu et leurs insectes},
	journal = {Journal d{\textquoteright}Agriculture Traditionnel et de Botany Applique},
	volume = {38},
	number = {2},
	year = {1996},
	pages = {125-187},
	keywords = {Cameroon, ethnoentomology, formicidae, Mofu, Mount Mandara, Termitidae},
	author = {Seignobos, Christian and Deguine, Jean-Philippe and Aberlenc, Henri-Pierre}
}
@article {2258,
	title = {Roads alter the colonization dynamics of a keystone herbivore in neotropical savannas},
	journal = {Biotropica},
	volume = {38},
	number = {5},
	year = {2006},
	note = {need},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {661-665},
	abstract = {Roads can facilitate the establishment and spread of both native and exotic species. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms facilitating this expansion are rarely known. We tested the hypothesis that dirt roads are favorable landing and nest initiation sites for founding-queens of the leaf-cutter ant Atta laevigata. For 2 yr, we compared the number of attempts to found new nests (colonization attempts) in dirt roads and the adjacent vegetation in a reserve of cerrado (tree-dominated savanna) in southeastern Brazil. The number of colonization attempts in roads was 5 to 10 times greater than in the adjacent vegetation. Experimental transplants indicate that founding-queens are more likely to establish a nest on bare soil than on soil covered with leaf-litter, but the amount of litter covering the ground did not fully explain the preference of queens for dirt roads. Queens that landed on roads were at higher risk of predation by beetles and ants than those that landed in the adjacent vegetation. Nevertheless, greater predation in roads was not sufficient to offset the greater number of colonization attempts in this habitat. As a consequence, significantly more new colonies were established in roads than in the adjacent vegetation. Our results suggest that disturbance caused by the opening of roads could result in an increased Atta abundance in protected areas of the Brazilian Cerrado.},
	keywords = {Amazonia, ants, Atta, ATTA-CEPHALOTES, ATTINI, brazil, BRAZILIAN CERRADO, Cerrado vegetation, communities, dung beetle, forest, formicidae, habitat, habitat disturbance, impact, LEAF-CUTTING ANTS, nest foundation, PRED, road impacts, SELECTION, vegetation},
	isbn = {0006-3606},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000239634900010 },
	author = {Vasconcelos, H. L. and Vieira-Neto, E. H. M. and Mundim, F. M. and Bruna, E. M.}
}
