@article {1480,
	title = {Residence and breeding of Oniticellus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) within cattle pads: inhibition by dung-burying beetles},
	journal = {Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa},
	volume = {52},
	year = {1989},
	note = {have copy},
	pages = {229-236},
	keywords = {cattle feces, dung beetle, ecological function, ecosystem service, ecosystem services, inhibition, Onticellus, Scarabaeidae, south africa},
	author = {Davis, A. L. V.}
}
@article {1486,
	title = {Community organization in a South African, winter rainfall, dung beetle assemblage (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)},
	journal = {Acta Oecologica},
	volume = {15},
	number = {6},
	year = {1994},
	pages = {727-738},
	keywords = {assemblage, community, Dung, Scarabaeidae, south africa, winter rainfall},
	author = {Davis, Adrian L. V.}
}
@article {1496,
	title = {Dung beetle diversity in South Africa: influential factors, conservation status, data inadequacies and survey design},
	journal = {African Entomology},
	volume = {10},
	number = {1},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Times Cited: 0Cited Reference Count: 65Cited References:      *STATSOFT INC, 1995, STATISTICA WIND COMP     *WEATH BUR, 1965, CLIM S AFR 8     BOND WJ, 1994, S AFR J SCI, V90, P391     BORNEMISSZA GF, 1971, PEDOBIOLOGIA, V11, P133     BORNEMISSZA GF, 1979, S AFR J SCI, V75, P257     CAMBEFORT Y, 1982, ANN SOC ENTOMOL FR, V18, P433     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P51     CINCOTTA RP, 2000, NATURE, V404, P990     COWLING RM, 1992, ECOLOGY FYNBOS NUTR, P23     DAVIES ALV, 1999, J BIOGEOGR, V26, P1039     DAVIS ALV, 1995, ACTA OECOL, V16, P641     DAVIS ALV, 1997, AFR J ECOL, V35, P10     DAVIS ALV, 1996, AFR J ECOL, V34, P258     DAVIS ALV, 1994, AFR J ECOL, V32, P192     DAVIS ALV, 1993, AFR J ECOL, V31, P306     DAVIS ALV, 2001, DIVERSITY DISTRIBUTI, V7, P161     DAVIS ALV, 1989, ECOL ENTOMOL, V14, P11     DAVIS ALV, IN PRESS GLOBAL ECOL     DAVIS ALV, 1996, J AFR ZOOL, V110, P291     DAVIS ALV, 1993, J AM ZOOL, V107, P397     DAVIS ALV, 2001, J NAT HIST, V35, P1607     DAVIS ALV, 1994, J NAT HIST, V28, P383     DAVIS ALV, 1996, PEDOBIOLOGIA, V40, P260     DEAN WRJ, 1995, ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS, V37, P103     DEMELLO FZV, 1998, COLEOPTERISTS B, V52, P209     DENT MC, 1989, 109189 WRC     DOUBE BM, 1990, B ENTOMOL RES, V80, P259     DOUBE BM, 1983, B ENTOMOL RES, V73, P357     DOUBE BM, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P133     DOUBE BM, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P383     EDWARDS PB, 1986, B ENTOMOL RES, V76, P433     EDWARDS PB, 1991, FUNCT ECOL, V5, P617     FAIRBANKS DHK, 2000, S AFR J SCI, V96, P69     FERREIRA MC, 1972, REV ENT MOCAM, V11, P5     FINCHER GT, 1970, J PARASITOL, V56, P378     GASTON KJ, 1999, OIKOS, V86, P584     GILL BD, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P211     HALFFTER G, 1966, FOLIA ENTOMOL MEXICO, V12, P1     HALFFTER G, 1974, QUAEST ENTOMOL, V10, P223     HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P305     HOWDEN HF, 1975, BIOTROPICA, V7, P77     HOWDEN HF, 1987, J ENTOMOL SOC S AFR, V50, P155     INOUCHI J, 1986, CHEM SENSES, V11, P286     JANKIELSOHN A, 2001, ENVIRON ENTOMOL, V30, P474     KOCH SO, 2000, J INSECT CONSERVATIO, V4, P45     KRELL FT, 1999, AFR ENTOMOL, V7, P287     LEGENDRE L, 1983, NUMERICAL ECOLOGY     LOW AB, 1996, VEGETATION S AFRICA     NEALIS VG, 1977, CAN J ZOOL, V55, P138     PHILIPS TK, 2001, AFRICAN ENTOMOLOGY, V8, P227     REID WV, 1998, TRENDS ECOL EVOL, V13, P275     REYERS B, 2000, P ROY SOC LOND B BIO, V267, P505     SCHOLTZ CH, 1987, J ENTOMOL SOC S AFR, V50, P75     SCHOLTZ CH, 1987, J ENTOMOL SOC S AFR, V50, P121     SHIBUYA, 1982, JAPANESE J APPL ENTO, V26, P194     STEENKAMP HE, 1996, BIOL CONSERV, V78, P305     TYSON PD, 1986, CLIMATIC CHANGE VARI     VANJAARSVELD AS, 1998, SCIENCE, V279, P2106     VANRENSBURG BJ, 1999, BIOL CONSERV, V88, P145     WALTER H, 1964, KLIMADIAGRAMM WELTAT     WALTER P, 1983, B SOC ZOOLOGIQUE FRA, V108, P397     WATERHOUSE DF, 1974, SCI AM, V230, P101     WESSELS KJ, 1998, BIODIVERS CONSERV, V7, P1093     WILLIAMS P, 2000, BELGIAN J ENTOMOL, V2, P21     WILLIAMS P, 1996, CONSERV BIOL, V10, P155EnglishArticle563GBAFR ENTOMOL},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {53-65},
	abstract = {Dung beetles are useful as indicators in conservation and global warming studies owing to their specialized regional and local distribution patterns. However, existing South African data are inadequate for indication at the necessary degree of spatial resolution. To improve the database, Survey methods need to Lie designed according to the spatial and temporal factors that influence dung beetle diversity. Across four major climatic regions, there are seven principal species distribution centres for dung beetles in which activity is influenced primarily by difference, in rainfall seasonality and temperature, Across these regions, generic endemism is largely concentrated around the coastline and in montane areas. The conservation status of endemic genera is discussed. At a local scale, spatial diversity is influenced primarily by soil, vegetation and dung type. Maximum local diversity of dung beetles is observed after rainfall and decreases as surface conditions become warmer and drier. After workshop discussions, a coarse-grained, asymmetrical gradsect survey grid has been designed according to vegetative, climatic and land-usage gradients across South Africa. It is suggested that each survey point across these regional gradients should comprise a quarter-degree square in which local ecological gradients should be surveyed for invertebrates, Baited pitfall trapping is an easy method to provide quantitative data for dung beetles across such environmental gradients. Lining up each catch on a tray provides a relatively quick way to compare the specimens, identify the species present, and provide a quantitative assessment of species abundance. Data collection may be conducted on one or more occasion., to accommodate seasonal and daily variation in species occurrence. This exercise could identify localities suitable for ecotourism reserves representative of the variation in ecotypes across the country, particularly, in coastal, natural grass and wooded regions, where many invertebrate taxa are endangered by habitat fragmentation including some rare dung beetle species.},
	keywords = {associations, biodiversity hotspots, COLEOPTERA, community, consequences, conservation, diversity, Dung, habitat fragmentation, hydrophilidae, populations, s str, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae, south africa, staphylinidae, survey},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000176247000006},
	author = {Davis, A. L. V.}
}
@inbook {1533,
	title = { Biological control of the buffalo fly in Australia: the potential of the southern African dung fauna},
	booktitle = {Biological Control of Muscoid Flies},
	year = {1986},
	note = {requested disease ecology, parasite transmission, scarbaeinae, ecological function},
	pages = {16-34},
	keywords = {Australia, dung beetle, muscoid flies dung beetle, parasite control, south africa},
	author = {Doube, B. M.},
	editor = {Patterson, R. S and Rutz, D. A}
}
@article {2150,
	title = {Game and cattle trampling, and impacts of human dwellings on arthropods at a game park boundary},
	journal = {Biodiversity and Conservation},
	volume = {5},
	year = {1996},
	pages = {1545-1556},
	abstract = {Seven grassland sites were sampled at South Africa{\textquoteright}s Hluhluwe-Umfolozi Game Park boundary with the surrounding land, to assess changes in arthropod diversity in response to land use. Epigaeic arthropods were sampled using pitfall traps and a sweep net. In all, 262 morphospecies were collected, but this is an underestimate of total local species richness. Fifty percent of the species caught were single occurrences. The number of species, families and orders represented at each of the seven sites was not significantly different, but the number of individuals was significantly different. Between-site comparisons, using multivariate statistics, did not reveal any strong site groupings, with all sites being unique. The conclusion is that the reserve boundary does not significantly divide arthropod diversity on a simple inside-versus-outside basis. A major factor influencing the arthropod assemblages was intensity of land use. Indigenous game animals and domestic cattle had the same effect, and it was the intensity of trampling that was important rather than the type of trampling. Human settlements had a major impoverishing effect. The Coleoptera families, Cicindelidae, Staphylindae and Carabidae, were particularly sensitive indicator taxa of land use. Scarabaeidae species were the only group that were severely affected by the fence boundary, simply because their food source, the faeces of large native mammals, was inside, leaving them without resources outside the reserve.},
	keywords = {arthropods, boundary., Game Park, impacts, south africa, trampling},
	author = {Rivers-Moore, N. A. and Samways, M. J.}
}
@article {2312,
	title = {Community convergence in disturbed subtropical dune forests},
	journal = {Ecology},
	volume = {86},
	number = {3},
	year = {2005},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {655-666},
	abstract = {Do communities return to their former state when we disturb them? The answer is "surely not always," since some disturbances may be so devastating that recovery will be impossible. If communities do recover, then how fast is that recovery? Do different subsets of species return at the same rate? Is that rate a simple exponential recovery-meaning that the change toward the original state is fastest when the community is furthest away and it slows as the community converges? Or is recovery a more dynamically complex process? These questions are theoretically interesting and practically important. The theoretical questions are if there is a particular state-some exact composition-to which a community is likely to return, if there might be several (or many) possible such states, or if community composition is essentially haphazard. The practical implication is that if disturbed ecological communities do not tend to return to a previous state, it may be impossible to undo human impacts on natural ecosystems. We follow the fate of species assemblages following the removal of vegetation for mining. We chow that these assemblages in restored subtropical coastal dune forests in South Africa do converge with a regional equilibrium state and that convergence is possible within a reasonable period. However, changes in assemblages from different trophic levels were idiosyncratic: convergence in the dung beetle assemblage did not mimic convergence for trees and birds, for example. Few of the assemblages converged exponentially, the simplest shape for the decay function. Furthermore, trends were sometimes different for different indices of community dissimilarity, suggesting that whether one accepts convergence depends, in part, on exactly what one measures.},
	keywords = {assemblages, coastal dune forests, community organization, convergence, div, dynamics, ecological communities, ecological restoration, mining, Rehabilitating coastal dunes, resilience, richards bay, south africa, south-africa, species richness, succession},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000227659700015 },
	author = {Wassenaar, T. D. and Van Aarde, R. J. and Pimm, S. L. and Ferreira, S. M.}
}
