@article {1323,
	title = {Possible Indirect Effects of Mammal Hunting on Dung Beetle Assemblages in Panama.},
	journal = {Biotropica},
	volume = {39},
	number = {1},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {141-146},
	keywords = {dung beetle, hunting, mammals, Panama, rain forest, Scarabaeidae},
	url = {http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2006.00239.x},
	author = {Andresen, Ellen and Laurance, Susan G. W.}
}
@article {2004,
	title = {Diversity and habitat use of dung beetles in a restored Andean landscape},
	journal = {Biotropica},
	volume = {34},
	number = {1},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {181-187},
	keywords = {Andes, Colombia, diversity, dung beetle, habitat use, landscape, restoration, Scarabaeidae},
	author = {Medina, Claudia A. and Escobar S. , Federico and Kattan, Gustavo H.}
}
@article {2102,
	title = {Response of a dung beetle guild to different sizes of dung bait in a Panamanian Rainforest},
	journal = {Biotropica},
	volume = {16},
	number = {3},
	year = {1984},
	pages = {235-238},
	keywords = {Panama, rainforest, Scarabaeidae},
	author = {Peck, Stewart B. and Howden, Henry F.}
}
@article {2112,
	title = {Primary dispersal of seeds by primates and secondary dispersal by dung beetles in Tikal, Guatemala},
	journal = {Biotropica},
	volume = {38},
	number = {3},
	year = {2006},
	month = {May},
	pages = {390-397},
	abstract = {We linked primary dispersal by spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi) and howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) to post-dispersal seed fate by studying the effects of dung type and defecation pattern on secondary seed dispersal by dung beetles. First, we described the defecation patterns for both primate species. Howler monkeys generally defecated in groups (88\% of observed defecations), with each individual producing on average 31 g of dung, resulting in a large area of the forest floor (31 m(2)) covered by large amounts of dung (clumped spatial pattern). Spider monkeys generally (96\% of observed defecations) defecated individually, each individual producing an average of 11 g of dung, resulting in a small area of the forest floor (2 m(2)) covered by small amounts of dung (scattered spatial pattern). Secondly, we captured dung beetles using as bait the dung of both primate species, to detect differences in the assemblages of these secondary seed dispersers attracted to the dung of both primates. More individual dung beetles, but not more species, were attracted to howler monkey dung than to spider monkey dung. Finally, we assessed experimentally (using plastic beads as seed mimics) how dung type (Ateles vs. Alouatta) and defecation pattern (scattered vs. clumped) affect secondary seed dispersal by dung beetles. We found that post-dispersal seed fate was affected by dung type, with more seeds being buried when present in howler monkey dung, than in spider monkey dung, but was not affected by defecation pattern. It is important to consider post-dispersal processes, such as secondary seed dispersal by dung beetles, when comparing species of primary dispersers.},
	keywords = {alouatta-palliata, Ateles, CEBUS-CAPUCINUS, DEFECATION, GERMINATION literature review function service seed dispersal mammal value, howler monkeys, los-tuxtlas, Mexico, patterns, Scarabaeidae, tropical rain-forest},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000236766500014 },
	author = {Ponce-Santizo, G. and Andresen, E. and Cano, E. and Cuaron, A. D.}
}
@article {2121,
	title = {The old and young amazon: dung beetle biomass, abundance and species diversity},
	journal = {Biotropica},
	volume = {39},
	number = {6},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {725-730},
	abstract = {The Amazon Basin can be divided into two geomorphological regions based on the age of its soils: young (< 30 mya) and old (> 300 mya). We tested the effects of soil age on dung beetle communities by comparing biomass, abundance, and species between reserves in Ecuador on young soils and reserves in Brazil on old soils. Beetle biomass in the old Amazon was one-third that in the young Amazon, and beetle abundance in the old Amazon was one-fourth that in the young Amazon. Species richness, rarefied to equal sample sizes, was not significantly different between old and young soils. These data suggest young soils of the Amazon support a significantly greater biomass and abundance of dung beetles than old soils, but that species richness across the Basin is similar. As dung beetles are bio-indicators of mammals, our data support previous studies indicating a greater biomass of mammals on young versus old Amazon soils. },
	keywords = {brazil, Ecuador, Neotropics, productivity, richness, Scarabaeidae, tropical wet forest.},
	author = {Radtke, M. G. and Da Fonseca, C. R. V. and Williamson, G. B.}
}
