00624nas a2200193   4500008004100000245006800041210006700109260000800176300001400184490000700198653003000205653001400235653001000249653001600259653001700275100002100292700002000313856009700333       2005                        eng d00aScarabaeid beetles of Bandhavgarh National Park, Madhya Pradesh0 aScarabaeid beetles of Bandhavgarh National Park Madhya Pradesh  cJul  a1961-19640 v2010aBandhavgarh National Park10achecklist10aIndia10anew records10aScarabaeidae1 aChandra, Kailash1 aAhirwar, S., C.  uhttps://scarabnet.myspecies.info/scarabaeid-beetles-bandhavgarh-national-park-madhya-pradesh02473nas a2200349   4500008004100000245012300041210006900164260000800233300001200241490000700253520148700260653002201747653001501769653001601784653001301800653001801813653001601831653001101847653002401858653001901882653001901901653002901920653001701949653001701966653002201983653002502005100001402030700001502044700001602059700001302075856003502088       2005                        eng d00aDiversity of dung-beetle community in declining Japanese subalpine forest caused by an increasing sika deer population0 aDiversity of dungbeetle community in declining Japanese subalpin  cMar  a135-1410 v203 aThe Ohdaigahara subalpine plateau in Japan has recently suffered a reduction in primary forest land caused by an increasing population of sika deer (Cervus nippon). Deer have debarked many trees, causing die-back, gradually changing the primary forest first to light forest with a floor that is densely covered with sasa grass (Sasa nipponica) and then to S. nipponica grassland. To examine the effects of vegetative transformation on the dung-beetle community, we compared the diversity and abundance of dung-beetle assemblages in the primary forest, transition forest, and S. nipponica grassland using dung-baited pitfall traps. The species richness and species diversity (Shannon-Wiener index) were significantly highest in the primary forest and lowest in the S. nipponica grassland. The evenness (Smith-Wilson index) was highest in the primary forest and nearly equal in the transition forest and S. nipponica grassland. The abundance was apparently greater in the transition forest than in the primary forest and S. nipponica grassland. These results suggest that loss of primary forest resulting from an increasing deer population decreases the diversity of the dung-beetle community while increasing the abundance of dung beetles in the transition forest. Sika deer use transition forests and grasslands more frequently than primary forests as habitat, but an increase in dung supply there does not necessarily increase the diversity or abundance of dung-beetle assemblages.10aalouatta-palliata10aCOLEOPTERA10adung beetle10aevenness10afragmentation10alos-tuxtlas10aMexico10aohdaigahara mammals10aprimary forest10asasa nipponica10aSasa nipponica grassland10aScarabaeidae10asouth-africa10atransition forest10atropical rain-forest1 aKanda, N.1 aYokota, T.1 aShibata, E.1 aSato, H.  u<Go to ISI>://000228011500004 01227nas a2200193   4500008004100000020002900041245013600070210006900206300001000275490000700285520049700292653001300789653001700802653001700819653001700836100001800853700002400871856013800895       2005                        eng d  a0022-2933 print1464-526200aStridulation in Aphodius dung beetles: songs and morphology of stridulatory organs in Noth American Aphodius species (Scarabaeidae)0 aStridulation in Aphodius dung beetles songs and morphology of st  a91-990 v393 aThe acousticbehaviouroffourAphodiusdungbeetlespeciesfromthePacificNorthwestoftheUSA wasinvestigated.MaleAphodiusproducesubstratevibrationswhentheymeetaconspecificfemalein a dung pat. The temporal structure of the substrate vibrations andthe stridulatory organs are described. The vibrations are species-specific songs that are emitted during courtship. The stridulatoryorganisoftheabdomino-larytypeintheinvestigatedspecies.Morphologicaldifferences withregardtothedetailedstructurearepresent. 10aaphodius10aDung beetles10aScarabaeidae10astridulation1 aKasper, Julia1 aHirschberger, Petra  uhttps://scarabnet.myspecies.info/stridulation-aphodius-dung-beetles-songs-and-morphology-stridulatory-organs-noth-american-aphodius-s01935nas a2200217   4500008004100000245015900041210006900200300001000269490000700279520109300286653002201379653002701401653001901428653001701447653002201464100002101486700001901507700003301526700002001559856013801579       2005                        eng d00aSperm competition and evidence of sperm fertilization patterns in the carrion ball-roller Canthon cyanellus cyanellus LeConte (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)0 aSperm competition and evidence of sperm fertilization patterns i  a38-430 v593 aField observation and laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate sperm competition and pat- terns of sperm fertilization under different experimental conditions in the carrion ball-roller beetle Canthon cyanel- lus cyanellus. Males in nature can mate with females whose spermathecae contains fertile sperm from other males. Sperm precedence was investigated using a visible genetic marker. The progeny of red (homozygous recessive) virgin females mated once with a red male and afterward, once with a green beetle (homozygous dominant) and vice versa, revealed that regardless of its color, the last male to mate fertilized c.a. 50% of the eggs, suggesting strong sperm competition. Males were able to achieve higher levels of pa- ternity (more than 80%) when mated ad libitum with previ- ously mated females, although large amount of variance in paternity does not exclude the possibility of first male sperm precedence or female cryptic choice. These results suggest that repeated mating and sperm replacement are the mech- anisms by which last males achieve sperm precedence.10aCanthon cyanellus10aFertilization patterns10aGenetic marker10aScarabaeidae10aSperm competition1 aFavila, Mario, E1 aNolasco, Janet1 aFlorescano, Ivette, Chamorro1 aEquihua, Miguel  uhttps://scarabnet.myspecies.info/sperm-competition-and-evidence-sperm-fertilization-patterns-carrion-ball-roller-canthon-cyanellus-cy02091nas a2200205   4500008004100000245011700041210006900158300001000227490000700237520135000244653001601594653001601610653002001626653001801646653002201664653001701686100001901703700002501722856013801747       2005                        eng d00aDiel flight activity and ecological segregation within an assemblage of tropical forest dung and carrion beetles0 aDiel flight activity and ecological segregation within an assemb  a21-300 v213 aTemporal variation in activity of dung and carrion beetles in tropical forest is considered as a mechanism of ecological segregation between potentially competing species. We describe the diel flight activity of Scarabaeidae collected with baited pitfall traps at Les Nouragues field station in French Guiana. A total of 2663 individuals of 63 species was recorded, from the subfamilies Coprinae, Scarabaeinae and Aphodinae. Temporal guilds of diurnal, nocturnal and crepuscular species were identified. Diurnal species were about twice as numerous and abundant as either nocturnal or crepuscular species. Two main activity patterns characterize the diurnal species while nocturnal and crepuscular species show overlapping activity. The association of activity rhythm with the other niche variables, food selection, functional group, body size and relative abundance, was analysed using multiple correspondence analysis. Small diurnal coprophagous species were opposed to large crepuscular necrophagous species. Species packing is suggested but further analysis showed that the variables were independent of one another. The temporal differentiation of species combined with separation along multiple niche dimensions and resource gradients may facilitate the coexistence of species assumed to be strongly affected by interspecific competition. 10acompetition10adung beetle10aflight activity10aFrench Guiana10aniche segregation10aScarabaeidae1 aFeer, Francois1 aPincebourde, Sylvain  uhttps://scarabnet.myspecies.info/diel-flight-activity-and-ecological-segregation-within-assemblage-tropical-forest-dung-and-carrion-b02328nas a2200229   4500008004100000245015900041210006900200300001200269490000700281520149400288653001701782653001701799653002201816653002101838653001201859653001701871653001701888653001601905100001501921700002401936856013801960       2005                        eng d00aAre ball-rolling (Scarabaeini, Gymnopleurini, Sisyphini) and tunnelling scarabaeine dung beetles equally choosy about the size of ingested dung particles?0 aAre ballrolling Scarabaeini Gymnopleurini Sisyphini and tunnelli  a700-7050 v303 a1. The maximum size of ingested particles was determined in 11 species of ball-rolling, adult dung beetle (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) by mixing small latex or glass balls of known diameter into their food. The tribes Scarabaeini, Gymnopleurini, and Sisyphini (four, four, and three species respec- tively) were represented, with mean body sizes ranging from 0.33 to 4.0 g fresh weight. 2. Only particles with maximum diameters of 4–85 mm were ingested. Hence rollers, like other known beetles feeding on fresh dung, filter out larger, indiges- tible plant fragments and confine ingestion to small particles of higher nutritional value. 3. The maximum diameter of ingested particles increased significantly with body weight, whereas taxon (tribe) had no additional effect. Because big rollers accept larger particles than do tunnellers (which make dung stores for feeding and breeding in the soil immediately below the pat) of similar weight, the slope of the diameter-against-weight regression for rollers was significantly higher than that found earlier for tunnellers. 4. An explanation could be that a typical food ball made by a roller is con- siderably smaller than the amount of dung available to a feeding tunneller of the same size. If the roller were as choosy about particle size as the tunneller, it might not get enough food. This applies to large rollers in particular because their food balls contain a higher proportion of coarse fibres than those made by small species. 10aBall-rollers10aDung beetles10afood exploitation10aparticle feeding10arollers10aScarabaeidae10aScarabaeinae10atelecoprids1 aHolter, P.1 aScholtz, Clarke, H.  uhttps://scarabnet.myspecies.info/are-ball-rolling-scarabaeini-gymnopleurini-sisyphini-and-tunnelling-scarabaeine-dung-beetles-equally03102nas a2200265   4500008004100000245011000041210006900151300001000220490000700230520221500237653001102452653001702463653001502480653002502495653001202520653002202532653001702554653001402571653001702585653002802602100002402630700002402654700002702678856013102705       2005                        eng d00aPhylogeography of the Namib Desert dung beetles Scarabaeus (Pachysoma) MacLeay (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)0 aPhylogeography of the Namib Desert dung beetles Scarabaeus Pachy  a75-840 v323 aAim Namib biogeography in many instances remains reliant on advanced and detailed systematic studies. This study attempts to combine molecular phylogenetic data, geology and palaeo-climatic data to (i) resolve the relationships of the 13 morphological species of Scarabaeus (Pachysoma) and (ii) relate their evolution to past climatic and geological events. Location South Africa and Namibia. Methods Sequencing of a 1197 bp segment of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene of the 13 species within Scarabaeus (Pachysoma) was undertaken. Analyses performed included Parsimony and Maximum Likelihood as well as imposing a molecular clock. Results The molecular phylogeny showed strong support for 11 of the 13 morphological species. The remaining two species, S. (P.) glentoni and S. (P.) hippocrates, formed a complex and could not be assigned specific status on the basis of the COI gene phylogeny. Strong support for the three species formerly classified within the genus Neopachysoma was consistently obtained. The subgenus appears to have arisen c. 2.9 Ma. Species within the subgenus arose at different times, with the common ancestor to Neopachysoma and the hippocrates complex having evolved 2.65 and 2.4 Ma, respectively. Scarabaeus (P.) denticollis, S. (P.) rotundigenus, S. (P.) rodriguesi and S. (P.) schinzi are some of the youngest species, having diverged between 2 million and 600,000 years ago. Main conclusions Scarabaeus (Pachysoma) is a derived monophyletic clade within the Scarabaeini. The subgenus appears to be young in comparison with the age of the Namib Desert, which dates back to the Miocene (c. 15 Ma). The psammophilous taxa are shown to disperse with their substratum and habitat, barchan dunes. Clear south/north evolutionary gradients can be seen within the species of this subgenus, which are consistent with the unidirectional wind regime. Species with a suite of mostly plesiomorphic characters have a southerly distribution while their derived psammophilous relatives have central to northern Namib distributions. Major rivers such as the Orange, Buffels and Holgat appear to be gene barriers to certain species as well as areas of origin of speciation events. 10aAptery10abiogeography10aCOLEOPTERA10acytochrome oxidase I10aendemic10amitochondrial DNA10anamib desert10aphylogeny10aScarabaeidae10aScarabaeus (Pachysoma).1 aSole, Catherine, L.1 aScholtz, Clarke, H.1 aBastos, Armanda, D. S.  uhttps://scarabnet.myspecies.info/phylogeography-namib-desert-dung-beetles-scarabaeus-pachysoma-macleay-coleoptera-scarabaeidae