TY - JOUR T1 - Patterns of fluctuating asymmetry in beetle horns: an experimental examination of the honest signalling hypothesis JF - Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Y1 - 1997 A1 - Hunt, John A1 - Simmons, Leigh W. SP - 109 EP - 114 KW - beetle horns KW - fluctuating asymmetry KW - honest signalling KW - Onthophagus taurus KW - sexual selection VL - 41 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Behavioural dynamics of biparental care in the dung beetle Onthophagus taurus JF - Animal Behaviour Y1 - 2002 A1 - Hunt, J. A1 - Simmons, L. W. SP - 65 EP - 75 KW - fluctuating asymmetry KW - male parental care KW - male-removal KW - orange-tufted KW - paternal investment KW - prisoners-dilemma game KW - red-winged blackbirds KW - reproductive KW - sexual conflict KW - success KW - sunbird KW - tree swallows AB - In the dimorphic dung beetle Onthophagus taurus major males provide assistance during offspring provisioning. We examined the behavioural dynamics of biparental care to quantify directly how males and females allocate time to parental and nonparental behaviours and to determine whether parents adjust their level of investment relative to their partner's contribution. Females allocated more of their time budget to parental behaviours than males. The proportion of time females allocated to parental behaviours increased after oviposition while that of a male decreased. Male paternity assurance behaviours were negatively associated with male and female parental behaviours. Theoretical models predict that the investment provided by the members of a cooperative pair should be negatively correlated and that any shortfall of one parent should be partially compensated for by the other. In-the absence of a male, unassisted females allocated more time to parental care, and performed more parental behaviours. However, compensation was incomplete as unassisted females performed fewer parental behaviours than pairs, resulting in significantly lighter brood masses (the egg and its associated dung supply). Males performed more parental behaviours when paired with small females, and small females more than large females. Contrary to prediction, the investments provided by males and females in a cooperative pair were positively correlated. Males coordinated their parental behaviours with the females rather than acting independently. Since parental behaviours were directly related to the weight of brood masses, the observed parental interactions will have important fitness consequences in this species., (C) 2002 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. 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JF - Journal of Evolutionary Biology Y1 - 2002 A1 - Hunt, J. A1 - Simmons, L. W. A1 - Kotiaho, J. S. SP - 57 EP - 64 KW - BREEDING BLUE TITS KW - BROOD-SIZE KW - CLUTCH-SIZE KW - drosophila-melanogaster KW - fluctuating asymmetry KW - LIFE-HISTORY EVOLUTION KW - life-history trade-off KW - Onthophagus taurus KW - PARENTAL KW - Parental care KW - reproductive cost KW - reproductive effort KW - SURVIVAL AB - Parental care theory assumes that investment in current offspring will trade against future investment. A number of field studies on birds have used clutch size manipulations to demonstrate a survival cost to chick rearing. However, such studies do not account for costs accrued during earlier stages of reproduction because not all aspects of reproductive effort are manipulated by varying the number of nestlings. in this study, we investigate the effect of reproductive effort on female survival in the dung beetle, Onthophagus taurus. By experimentally manipulating mating status and dung availability, we demonstrate that virgin females survive longer than mated females and that the survival of mated females was negatively associated with the number of brood masses produced. Using a novel manipulation of the mating system, we separated the effects of egg production and maternal care on female survival. Previously, we have shown that females provisioning with the assistance of a major male provide relatively less care than unassisted females. However, paternal assistance did not alter the number of brood masses produced and hence the amount of reproductive effort that was allocated to egg production. Therefore, our finding, that female survival was increased when receiving paternal assistance provides, to our knowledge, the first definitive evidence that maternal care reduces female lifespan. These results are of major importance to theoretical models on the evolution of parental care. VL - 15 N1 - EnglishArticleJANJ EVOLUTION BIOL ER -