@article {1375,
	title = {Interactions between dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) and the arbovirus vector Culicoides brevitarsis Kieffer (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)},
	journal = {Australian Journal of Entomology},
	volume = {44},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {89-96},
	abstract = {The potential for dung beetles to reduce populations of the biting midge and arbovirus vector Culicoides brevitarsis  in bovine dung was studied in the Hunter Valley, New South Wales (NSW) between 1999 and 2003 using natural populations of insects. Preliminary work to develop experimental procedures showed that: a few C. brevitarsis  could survive in buried dung; dung beetles and C. brevitarsis  coming to dung were unaffected by a background of shade-cloth used experimentally to prevent dung burial; the most abundant dung beetle, Onthophagus gazella  L. and C. brevitarsis oviposition occurred concurrently in the first 2 d after dung deposition, and the potential for interaction between dung beetles and C. brevitarsis was greatest in open pasture adjacent to trees where cattle congregate at night. Laboratory experiments on dung burial showed that C. brevitarsis  numbers decreased as numbers of dung beetles increased or as the dry weight of dung decreased due to burial. This was seldom reflected in the field where, although significant burial occurred experimentally in 9 of 20 trials over 3 years, a significant decline in C. brevitarsis  numbers attributable to burial only occurred once. C. brevitarsis  numbers in the field were lower in unburied dung in 70\% of trials. Differences were significant twice and were considered the result of dung disturbance. In the laboratory, decreasing numbers of C. brevitarsis  were related to three characteristics of disturbance: the flattening, spreading and reduction in wet weight of the dung. Evidence of C. brevitarsis  activity throughout coastal NSW suggests that, while C. brevitarsis  numbers may be modified by dung beetles, the interaction is insufficient to prevent their increase, spread and ability to transmit viruses to livestock.},
	keywords = {bovine dung, burial, Disturbance, Onthophagus gazella, Onthophagus granulatus},
	author = {Bishop, Alan L. and McKenzie, Harry J. and Spohr, Lorraine J. and Barchia, Idris M.}
}
@conference {1883,
	title = {Human influence on the dung fauna in Afrotropical grasslands (Insecta: Coleoptera)},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Tropical Biology},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {133-139},
	publisher = {Springer Verlag},
	organization = {Springer Verlag},
	address = {Museum Koenig, Bonn, Germany},
	abstract = {Dung beetles are the main dung recyclers in most Afrotropical environments. We compare dung beetle abundance in herbivore dung in West and East African grasslands that are subject to various anthropogenic disturbances. Dung beetles are similarly abundant in grasslands with indigenous wild herbivores and with extensive cattle farming. However, if herbivore dung is regularly removed (i.e. collected by local people for domestic and agricultural use) or not present locally at all, the abundance of dung beetles decreases. The lowest numbers were found in an urban settlement.},
	keywords = {Disturbance, dung beetle, East Africa, land use, savanna, West Africa},
	author = {Krell, Frank-Thorsten and Mahiva, Vincent S. and Kouakou, Celestin and N{\textquoteright}goran, Paul and Krell-Westerwalbesloh, Sylvia and Newman, Dorothy H. and Weib, Ingo and Doumbia, Mamadou}
}
@article {2106,
	title = {Frog, Bat and Dung Beetle Diversity in the Cloud Forest and Coffee Agroecosystems of Veracruz, Mexico},
	journal = {Conservation Biology},
	volume = {19},
	number = {2},
	year = {2005},
	note = {digital and hard copy},
	pages = {400-410},
	keywords = {agroforestry (biological conservation 2007), cloud forest, Disturbance, Dung beetles, fragmentation, Mexico, multi-taxa, polyagroforestry, Veracruz},
	author = {Pineda, Eduardo and Moreno, Claudia and Escobar, Frederico and Halffter, Gonzalo}
}
@article {2118,
	title = {Rapid recovery of dung beetle communities following habitat fragmentation in Central Amazonia},
	journal = {Ecology },
	volume = {86},
	number = {12},
	year = {2005},
	note = {digital copy},
	pages = {3303-3311},
	keywords = {brazil, Disturbance, Dung beetles, faunal collapse (biological conservation 2007), fragmentation, klein, manaus, recovery},
	author = {Quintero, Ingrid and Roslin, Tomas}
}
