@article {1344,
	title = {Reproduction of the dung beetle (Copris tripartitus) in the dung of cattle treated with cis-cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos},
	journal = {Applied Soil Ecology},
	volume = {35},
	number = {3},
	year = {2007},
	note = {Times Cited: 0 disease ecology, parasite transmission, scarbaeinae, ecological function},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {546-552},
	abstract = {Fresh dung was collected from untreated cattle and cattle dosed with a spray-on formulation of high cis-cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos (2.1 g/cow), on days 1, 3, 5 and 7 post-treatment. The survival and reproduction of the dung beetle Copris tripartitus Waterhouse, when given this dung was assessed. Residues of high cis-cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos in dung collected I day after treatment were sufficient to inhibit oviposition by female C. tripartitus. However, there was no significant effect on egg-laying in dung collected at days 3, 5 or 7 days post-treatment. In a second generation of C. tripartitus, derived from beetles fed the dung from treated animals, residues in dung collected both 1 and 3 days after treatment were sufficient to inhibit oviposition, and residues in dung collected 1 day after treatment inhibited dung consumption by newly emerged adults of C. tripartitus. It is concluded that dung voided by cattle treated with a spray-on formulation of high cis-cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos have toxic lethal effects for 1 day post-treatment and sub-lethal toxic effects on ovarian condition and brood-ball production in dung voided at 1 and 3 days posttreatment. The potential ecotoxic effects of these compounds are discussed in terms of dung beetle activity and strategies for parasite control of cattle in the Korean environment. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {ABAMECTIN, COLEOPTERA, Dung beetles, INSECTS dung beetle, IVERMECTIN, reproduction, RESIDUES, Scarabaeidae, SURVIVAL, synthetic pyrethroid},
	isbn = {0929-1393},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000244172100010 },
	author = {Bang, Hea Son and Lee, Joon-Ho and Na, Young Eun and Wall, Richard}
}
@article {1347,
	title = {Gli stadi preimmaginali di Malagoniella (Megathopomima) puncticollis puncticollis (Blanchard, 1843) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Canthonina)},
	journal = {Elytron},
	volume = {5},
	year = {1991},
	pages = {215-225},
	keywords = {Argentina, Canthonina, COLEOPTERA, immature stages, morphology, Scarabaeidae, taxonomy},
	isbn = {0214-1353},
	author = {Barbero, Enrico and Palestrini, Claudia}
}
@article {1350,
	title = {Morfologia preimaginal y notas de biologia reproductiva en Malagoniella (Megathopomima) magnifica Balthasar, 1939 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Canthonina)},
	journal = {Elytron},
	volume = {13},
	year = {1999},
	pages = {109-121},
	keywords = {Canthonina, COLEOPTERA, life history, Neotropics, preimaginal morphology, Scarabaeidae, subsocial behavior},
	isbn = {0214-1353},
	author = {Barbero, Enrico and Palestrini, Claudia and Monteresino, Estela}
}
@article {1355,
	title = {First report of Deltochilum gibbosum gibbosum (F.) in Illinois (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)},
	journal = {The Coleopterists Bulletin},
	volume = {34},
	number = {1},
	year = {1980},
	pages = {1},
	type = {short communication},
	abstract = {The "tumble bug," Deltochilum gibbosum gibbosum (F.), found for the first time in Illinois, was collected in linear pitfall traps containing ethylene glyol. Collection dates and sex ratios are given.},
	keywords = {COLEOPTERA, Scarabaeidae},
	author = {Barney, Robert J.}
}
@article {1367,
	title = {Additional distribution records for Onthophagus taurus Schreber (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in South Carolina},
	journal = {The Coleopterists Bulletin},
	volume = {35},
	number = {2},
	year = {1981},
	pages = {222},
	keywords = {COLEOPTERA, Scarabaeidae},
	author = {Bernhardt, J. L.}
}
@article {1426,
	title = {Novas especies do genero Anomiopus, grupo smaragdinus (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae)},
	journal = {Iheringia, Servicio Zoologico do Porto Alegre},
	volume = {94},
	number = {2},
	year = {2004},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {187-204},
	abstract = {New species of smaragdinus group of the genus Anomiopus (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). Seven new species of Anomiopus Westwood, 1842 are added to smaragdinus group: from Brazil, A. caputipilus (Goiás), A. impartectus (São Paulo), A. paraensis (Pará), A. preissae (Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro), A. quadridentatus (Bahia)  and A. soledari (Goiás e Distrito Federal); from Argentina, A. similis  (Misiones). A key and illustrations of the species are added.},
	keywords = {Anomiopus, COLEOPTERA, Neotropical., Scarabaeidae, taxonomy},
	author = {Canhedo, Virginia Luzia}
}
@article {1431,
	title = {Inferring species decline from collection records: roller dung beetles in Italy (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)},
	journal = {Diversity and Distributions},
	volume = {13},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {903-919},
	abstract = {The decline of roller dung beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) in Italy, at national and regional level, was described using a database of both literature and unpublished data, since the late of 19th century. The probability of finding roller species was assessed for each decade of the 20th century in order to detect changes in their dis- tribution and status. An analysis of decline was performed using a complementary approach of different extinction indexes, according to IUCN criteria. During the 20th century, both the absolute number of records and the UTM cells where roller beetles were found increased clearly as a consequence of the escalation of entomo- logical surveys. Nevertheless, comparing R species (rollers) with all the scarab dung beetles from the first to the last quarter of the 20th century, the relative frequency of roller records decreased by 31\%, while the relative number of occupied UTM cells dropped by 23\%. Six roller species showed a significant decline in Italy from the first to the second part of the 20th century, and nine in the last 30years. Other two species disappeared from the majority of the northern regions. Finally, the values of all the extinction indexes were strongly correlated and detected a high risk of extinction in Italy for six species. A gradual change in land use during the last three decades, consisting of a reduced extension of grasslands in favour of either intensive agriculture or reforestation after abandonment of livestock raising, was likely the main factor inducing decline and local extinction of roller species. },
	keywords = {COLEOPTERA, Conservation biogeography, decline, extinction index, Italy, land use change, Scarabaeidae},
	author = {Carpaneto, Giuseppe M. and Mazziotta, Adriano and Valerio, Laura}
}
@article {1481,
	title = {Nesting of afrotropical Oniticellus (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) and its evolutionary trend from soil to dung},
	journal = {Ecological Entomology},
	volume = {14},
	year = {1989},
	pages = {11-21},
	keywords = {COLEOPTERA, Dung, evolution, nesting, oniticellus, Scarabaeidae},
	author = {Davis, A. L. V.}
}
@article {1483,
	title = {Alpha-diversity patterns of dung beetle assemblages (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Aphodiidae, Staphylinidae, Histeridae, Hydrophilidae) in the winter rainfall region of South Africa},
	journal = {African Entomology},
	volume = {1},
	number = {1},
	year = {1993},
	pages = {67-80},
	keywords = {Aphodiinae, COLEOPTERA, diversity models, histeridae, hydrophilidae, Scarabaeidae, staphylinidae},
	author = {Davis, A. L. V.}
}
@article {1484,
	title = {Annual age structure patterns in Afrotropical dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) under winter rainfall climate},
	journal = {Journal of African Zoology},
	volume = {107},
	number = {5},
	year = {1993},
	pages = {397-411},
	keywords = {age structure, arotropical, COLEOPTERA, Dung, Scarabaeidae, winter rainfall},
	author = {Davis, Adrian L. V.}
}
@article {1496,
	title = {Dung beetle diversity in South Africa: influential factors, conservation status, data inadequacies and survey design},
	journal = {African Entomology},
	volume = {10},
	number = {1},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Times Cited: 0Cited Reference Count: 65Cited References:      *STATSOFT INC, 1995, STATISTICA WIND COMP     *WEATH BUR, 1965, CLIM S AFR 8     BOND WJ, 1994, S AFR J SCI, V90, P391     BORNEMISSZA GF, 1971, PEDOBIOLOGIA, V11, P133     BORNEMISSZA GF, 1979, S AFR J SCI, V75, P257     CAMBEFORT Y, 1982, ANN SOC ENTOMOL FR, V18, P433     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P51     CINCOTTA RP, 2000, NATURE, V404, P990     COWLING RM, 1992, ECOLOGY FYNBOS NUTR, P23     DAVIES ALV, 1999, J BIOGEOGR, V26, P1039     DAVIS ALV, 1995, ACTA OECOL, V16, P641     DAVIS ALV, 1997, AFR J ECOL, V35, P10     DAVIS ALV, 1996, AFR J ECOL, V34, P258     DAVIS ALV, 1994, AFR J ECOL, V32, P192     DAVIS ALV, 1993, AFR J ECOL, V31, P306     DAVIS ALV, 2001, DIVERSITY DISTRIBUTI, V7, P161     DAVIS ALV, 1989, ECOL ENTOMOL, V14, P11     DAVIS ALV, IN PRESS GLOBAL ECOL     DAVIS ALV, 1996, J AFR ZOOL, V110, P291     DAVIS ALV, 1993, J AM ZOOL, V107, P397     DAVIS ALV, 2001, J NAT HIST, V35, P1607     DAVIS ALV, 1994, J NAT HIST, V28, P383     DAVIS ALV, 1996, PEDOBIOLOGIA, V40, P260     DEAN WRJ, 1995, ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS, V37, P103     DEMELLO FZV, 1998, COLEOPTERISTS B, V52, P209     DENT MC, 1989, 109189 WRC     DOUBE BM, 1990, B ENTOMOL RES, V80, P259     DOUBE BM, 1983, B ENTOMOL RES, V73, P357     DOUBE BM, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P133     DOUBE BM, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P383     EDWARDS PB, 1986, B ENTOMOL RES, V76, P433     EDWARDS PB, 1991, FUNCT ECOL, V5, P617     FAIRBANKS DHK, 2000, S AFR J SCI, V96, P69     FERREIRA MC, 1972, REV ENT MOCAM, V11, P5     FINCHER GT, 1970, J PARASITOL, V56, P378     GASTON KJ, 1999, OIKOS, V86, P584     GILL BD, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P211     HALFFTER G, 1966, FOLIA ENTOMOL MEXICO, V12, P1     HALFFTER G, 1974, QUAEST ENTOMOL, V10, P223     HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P305     HOWDEN HF, 1975, BIOTROPICA, V7, P77     HOWDEN HF, 1987, J ENTOMOL SOC S AFR, V50, P155     INOUCHI J, 1986, CHEM SENSES, V11, P286     JANKIELSOHN A, 2001, ENVIRON ENTOMOL, V30, P474     KOCH SO, 2000, J INSECT CONSERVATIO, V4, P45     KRELL FT, 1999, AFR ENTOMOL, V7, P287     LEGENDRE L, 1983, NUMERICAL ECOLOGY     LOW AB, 1996, VEGETATION S AFRICA     NEALIS VG, 1977, CAN J ZOOL, V55, P138     PHILIPS TK, 2001, AFRICAN ENTOMOLOGY, V8, P227     REID WV, 1998, TRENDS ECOL EVOL, V13, P275     REYERS B, 2000, P ROY SOC LOND B BIO, V267, P505     SCHOLTZ CH, 1987, J ENTOMOL SOC S AFR, V50, P75     SCHOLTZ CH, 1987, J ENTOMOL SOC S AFR, V50, P121     SHIBUYA, 1982, JAPANESE J APPL ENTO, V26, P194     STEENKAMP HE, 1996, BIOL CONSERV, V78, P305     TYSON PD, 1986, CLIMATIC CHANGE VARI     VANJAARSVELD AS, 1998, SCIENCE, V279, P2106     VANRENSBURG BJ, 1999, BIOL CONSERV, V88, P145     WALTER H, 1964, KLIMADIAGRAMM WELTAT     WALTER P, 1983, B SOC ZOOLOGIQUE FRA, V108, P397     WATERHOUSE DF, 1974, SCI AM, V230, P101     WESSELS KJ, 1998, BIODIVERS CONSERV, V7, P1093     WILLIAMS P, 2000, BELGIAN J ENTOMOL, V2, P21     WILLIAMS P, 1996, CONSERV BIOL, V10, P155EnglishArticle563GBAFR ENTOMOL},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {53-65},
	abstract = {Dung beetles are useful as indicators in conservation and global warming studies owing to their specialized regional and local distribution patterns. However, existing South African data are inadequate for indication at the necessary degree of spatial resolution. To improve the database, Survey methods need to Lie designed according to the spatial and temporal factors that influence dung beetle diversity. Across four major climatic regions, there are seven principal species distribution centres for dung beetles in which activity is influenced primarily by difference, in rainfall seasonality and temperature, Across these regions, generic endemism is largely concentrated around the coastline and in montane areas. The conservation status of endemic genera is discussed. At a local scale, spatial diversity is influenced primarily by soil, vegetation and dung type. Maximum local diversity of dung beetles is observed after rainfall and decreases as surface conditions become warmer and drier. After workshop discussions, a coarse-grained, asymmetrical gradsect survey grid has been designed according to vegetative, climatic and land-usage gradients across South Africa. It is suggested that each survey point across these regional gradients should comprise a quarter-degree square in which local ecological gradients should be surveyed for invertebrates, Baited pitfall trapping is an easy method to provide quantitative data for dung beetles across such environmental gradients. Lining up each catch on a tray provides a relatively quick way to compare the specimens, identify the species present, and provide a quantitative assessment of species abundance. Data collection may be conducted on one or more occasion., to accommodate seasonal and daily variation in species occurrence. This exercise could identify localities suitable for ecotourism reserves representative of the variation in ecotypes across the country, particularly, in coastal, natural grass and wooded regions, where many invertebrate taxa are endangered by habitat fragmentation including some rare dung beetle species.},
	keywords = {associations, biodiversity hotspots, COLEOPTERA, community, consequences, conservation, diversity, Dung, habitat fragmentation, hydrophilidae, populations, s str, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae, south africa, staphylinidae, survey},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000176247000006},
	author = {Davis, A. L. V.}
}
@article {1513,
	title = {A new species and two subspecies of Copris from Mexico and Central America (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae; Scarabaeinae)},
	journal = {Journal of the New York Entomological Society},
	volume = {109},
	number = {3-4},
	year = {2001},
	pages = {344-353},
	abstract = {One new species of Copris Geoffroy with two subspecies is described from the mountains of Mexico, Guatemala and El Salvador. Copris boucardi Harold is redescribed. Drawings of the dorsal habitus, pronotum and a distribution map are provided. },
	keywords = {COLEOPTERA, Copris, new species, New World, Scarabaeidae},
	author = {Delgado, Leonardo and Kohlmann, Bert}
}
@article {1516,
	title = {Necrophilous Scarabaeidae and Trogidae beetles of tropical deciduous forest in Tepexco, Puebla, Mexico},
	journal = {Acta Zoologica Mexicana (nueva serie)},
	volume = {52},
	year = {1992},
	pages = {1-13},
	keywords = {COLEOPTERA, Mexico, necrophagous, Scarabaeidae, Trogidae, tropical deciduous forest},
	author = {DeLoya, Cuauhtemoc}
}
@article {1530,
	title = {Trophic preferences mediated by olfactory cues in dung beetles colonizing cattle and horse dung},
	journal = {Environmental Entomology},
	volume = {33},
	number = {2},
	year = {2004},
	note = {digital copy},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {370-377},
	abstract = {Scarab beetles colonizing vertebrate feces are considered polyphagous insects, because they often use dung of several species. However, recent works have provided evidence for strong feeding preferences in some dung beetle species. The influence of dung odors in the process of resource selection by beetles has not received attention. The objective of this study was to investigate trophic preferences in Mediterranean dung beetles colonizing cattle and horse dung. The pattern of resource use by insects was studied using series of pitfall traps baited with cattle or horse dung in three different sites of south-central France. A total of 4,276 insects belonging to 39 species were captured. Cattle dung attracted more insects than horse feces (2,570 versus 1,706 individuals). Twenty-four of the 39 beetle species collected had clear feeding preferences for cattle dung (13 species) or horse dung (11 species). None of these species seemed linked exclusively to one kind of dung. The behavioral responses of seven scarab beetles to volatile compounds emitted by cattle and horse dung were compared in laboratory olfactometer bioassays. Three insect species (Aphodius erraticus, A. scrutator, Onthophagus vacca) were more attracted to volatile compounds from cattle dung. Two other species (Euonthophagus amyntas, Bubas bubalus) orientated preferentially toward horse dung volatiles. Except for two species, beetles were thus attracted to volatiles from the dung type they preferred in the field. The reasons why coprophagous beetles show local feeding preferences for particular dung types are discussed.},
	keywords = {bait, burial, capacity, cattle dung, COLEOPTERA, colonization, communities, dung beetle, Dung beetles, feces, food, horse dung, mammal mammals, olfactometer, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeoidea, trophic preferences},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000220856500033},
	author = {Dormont, L. and Epinat, G. and Lumaret, J. P.}
}
@article {1549,
	title = {Discontinuous gas exchange in dung beetles: patterns and ecological implications},
	journal = {Oecologia},
	volume = {122},
	number = {4},
	year = {2000},
	note = {Times Cited: 11Cited Reference Count: 40Cited References:      BARTHOLOMEW GA, 1985, J COMP PHYSIOL B, V155, P155     BERNON G, 1981, THESIS U BOWLING GRE     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P22     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P36     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P51     CHOWN SL, 1995, FUNCT ECOL, V9, P30     DAVIS ALV, 1995, ACTA OECOL, V16, P641     DAVIS ALV, 1996, AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON, V58, P157     DOUBE BM, 1990, B ENTOMOL RES, V80, P259     DOUBE BM, 1983, B ENTOMOL RES, V73, P357     DOUBE BM, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P133     DUNCAN FD, 1997, PHYSIOL ENTOMOL, V22, P310     DUNCAN FD, 1993, PHYSIOL ENTOMOL, V18, P372     FERREIRA MC, 1972, REV ENT MOCAM, V11, P5     HADLEY NF, 1994, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V67, P175     HEINRICH B, 1979, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V52, P489     HOLTER P, 1991, PEDOBIOLOGIA, V35, P281     KESTLER A, 1985, ENV PHYSL BIOCH INSE, P137     KLOK CJ, 1994, THESIS U PRETORIA     LIGHTON JRB, 1996, ANNU REV ENTOMOL, V41, P309     LIGHTON JRB, 1991, CONCISE ENCY BIOL BI, P201     LIGHTON JRB, 1993, J COMP PHYSIOL B, V163, P11     LIGHTON JRB, 1995, J EXP BIOL, V198, P521     LIGHTON JRB, 1995, J EXP BIOL, V198, P1613     LIGHTON JRB, 1992, J EXP BIOL, V173, P289     LIGHTON JRB, 1991, J EXP BIOL, V159, P249     LIGHTON JRB, 1990, J EXP BIOL, V151, P71     LIGHTON JRB, 1988, J EXP BIOL, V134, P363     LIGHTON JRB, 1988, J INSECT PHYSL, V34, P361     LIGHTON JRB, 1994, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V67, P142     LIGHTON JRB, 1985, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V58, P390     MILLER PL, 1981, LOCOMOTION ENERGETIC, P367     OSBERG D, 1988, THESIS U WITWATERSRA     OSBERG DC, 1992, J ENTOMOL SOC S AFR, V55, P85     OSBERG DC, 1993, TROP ZOOL, V6, P243     PASCHALIDIS KM, 1974, THESIS RHODES U GRAH     SCHMIDTNIELSEN K, 1980, ANIMAL PHYSL ADAPTAT     SLAMA K, 1988, WOODS HOLE OCEANOGR, V175, P289     TRIBE GD, 1976, THESIS U NATAL PIETE     ZAR JH, 1984, BIOSTATISTICAL ANALEnglishArticle303YGOECOLOGIA},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {452-458},
	abstract = {This study correlates a distinctive pattern of external gas exchanger referred to as the discontinuous gas exchange cycle (DGC), observed in the laboratory, with habitat associations of five species of telecoprid dung beetles. The beetles were chosen from a variety of habitats that would be expected to present different amounts of water stress. All five species exhibited DGC. Sisyphus fasciculatus has been recorded only in woodland areas, and does not have strict spiracular control during its DGC. Anachalcos convexus and Scarabaeus rusticus are associated with open mesic habitats. Both species exhibit a distinct DGC, previously found in some other insect species, but intermediate within this study group. Sc. flavicornis and Circellium bacchus are typically found in arid regions, and have the most unusual form of DGC with spiracular fluttering during the burst phase. These results support the hypothesis that spiracular fluttering reduces respiratory water loss. From this study we conclude that the DGC is an ancestral adaptation. most probably as a result of anoxic environments in underground burrows, but that spiracular control is enhanced to reduce respiratory water lass in beetle species that live in arid habitats.},
	keywords = {ant, COLEOPTERA, discontinuous gas exchange cycle, formicidae, habitat association, hymenoptera, namib desert, respiration, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae, south-africa, telecoprid, tenebrionid beetles, terrestrial insects, ventilatory patterns},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000086455000002},
	author = {Duncan, F. D. and Byrne, M. J.}
}
@article {1574,
	title = {Effects of the attractiveness for dung beetles of dung pat origin and size along a climatic gradient},
	journal = {Environmental Entomology},
	volume = {33},
	number = {1},
	year = {2004},
	note = {digital copy},
	month = {Feb},
	pages = {45-53},
	abstract = {Dung beetle (Coleoptera:Geotrupidae, Scarabaeidae) assemblages were monitored by dung-baited pitfall trapping at three sites distributed along a bioclimatic gradient from semiarid to mesic temperate. For each type of dung, both small and large sized baits were used. Under semiarid conditions{\textquoteright}(Morocco), three dung beetle assemblages were distinguished: small bait assemblages in any dung; large cattle bait assemblages; large sheep bait assemblages. Under more temperate conditions (southern France and the Alps), only large and small bait assemblages were observed, whatever the origin of the dung. Large baits attracted significantly more species and more beetles than did small baits, and very few species were attracted significantly more by either sheep or goat baits than by cattle baits. A significant, positive correlation between dung beetle size and dung pat size was observed in Morocco where the large species are predominant, whereas a negative relationship was observed in southern France where the small species are predominant. Cattle pats were more attractive for beetles under xeric and Mediterranean conditions (Morocco and southern France) that under cold temperate conditions (Alps).},
	keywords = {aphodius, assemblage composition, ba, baited pitfall traps, cattle, COLEOPTERA, colonization, dung beetle, GUILD, IVERMECTIN, mammal, patterns, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeoidea, scarabaeoidea col communities, spatial, trophic resource, variability},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000189311200006 },
	author = {Errouissi, F. and Haloti, S. and Jay-Robert, P. and Janati-Idrissi, A. and Lumaret, J. P.}
}
@article {1694,
	title = {Effects of brood parasitism on host reproductive success: evidence from larval interactions among dung beetles},
	journal = {Oecologia},
	volume = {134},
	number = {2},
	year = {2003},
	note = {Times Cited: 0Cited Reference Count: 57Cited References:      BEGON M, 1995, ECOLOGY INDIVIDUALS     BORNEMISSZA GF, 1971, PEDOBIOLOGIA, V11, P1     BORNEMISSZA GF, 1969, PEDOBIOLOGIA, V9, P223     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P156     CHAPMAN TA, 1869, ENTOMOL MONTH MAG, V5, P273     CLOUDSLEYTHOMPS.JL, 1991, ECOPHYSIOLOGY DESERT     CLUTTONBROCK TH, 1991, EVOLUTION PARENTAL C     DAVIS ALV, 1996, AFR J ECOL, V34, P258     DAY RW, 1989, ECOL MONOGR, V59, P433     DELLACASSA G, 1983, B MUS REG SCI NAT TO, V1, P1     DOUBE BM, 1990, ECOL ENTOMOL, V15, P371     GILLER PS, 1989, J ANIM ECOL, V58, P129     GITTINGS T, 1997, ECOGRAPHY, V20, P55     GITTINGS T, 1999, PEDOBIOLOGIA, V43, P439     GONZALEZMEGIAS A, 1999, THESIS U GRANADA GRA     HALFFTER G, 1966, FOLIA ENTOMOL MEXICO, V12, P1     HALFFTER G, 1982, NESTING BEHAV DUNG B     HAMMOND PM, 1976, COLEOPT B, V30, P245     HANSKI I, 1980, ANN ENTOMOL FENN, V46, P57     HIRSCHBERGER P, 1996, ECOL ENTOMOL, V21, P352     HIRSCHBERGER P, 1998, OECOLOGIA, V116, P136     HOLTER P, 1979, ECOL ENTOMOL, V4, P317     HOLTER P, 1982, OIKOS, V39, P213     HOWDEN HF, 1955, J TENNESSEE ACAD SCI, V30, P64     HOWDEN HF, 1963, P US NAT MUS, V114, P1     KLEMPERER HG, 1980, ECOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOG, V5, P143     KREBS JR, 1993, INTRO BEHAV ECOLOGY     LANDIN BO, 1961, OPUSC ENTOMOL LUND S, V19, P1     LUMARET JP, 1987, ACTA ZOOL MEX, V24, P1     LUMARET JP, 1989, B ECOLOGIE, V20, P51     MARTINPIERA F, 1993, ACTA ZOOLOGICA MEXIC, V57, P15     MARTINPIERA F, 1984, EOS, V60, P101     MUNSTERSWENDSEN M, 2000, ECOL ENTOMOL, V25, P63     NOYMEIR I, 1979, ISRAEL J BOT, V28, P1     PAULIAN R, 1982, ENCY ENTOMOLOGY, V43     PETANIDOU T, 1995, BIOL J LINN SOC, V55, P261     PITTINO R, 1986, GIORNALE ITALIANO EN, V3, P1     POLIS GA, 1991, AM NAT, V138, P123     RASA OAE, 1996, NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN, V83, P575     RICE WR, 1989, EVOLUTION, V43, P223     ROSENHEIM JA, 1989, BEHAV ECOL SOCIOBIOL, V25, P335     ROTHSTEIN SI, 1998, PARASITIC BIRDS THEI     ROUGON D, 1982, B SOC ENTOMOL FR, V87, P272     ROUGON D, 1980, CR ACAD SCI D NAT, V291, P417     ROUGON D, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P230     ROUGON D, 1980, REV ECOL BIOL SOL, V17, P379     SANCHEZPINERO F, 1994, THESIS U GRANADA GRA     SMITH JN, 2000, ECOLOGY MANAGEMENT C     SPOFFORD M, 1986, J NAT HIST, V26, P993     STEVENSON BG, 1985, COLEOPTERISTS B, V39, P215     TALLAMY DW, 1984, BIOSCIENCE, V34, P20     TORCHIO PF, 1992, ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM, V85, P713     TORCHIO PF, 1972, MELANDERIA, V10, P1     TRINE CL, 1998, PARASITIC BIRDS THEI, P273     TRUMBO ST, 1990, ECOL ENTOMOL, V15, P347     VOLLRATH F, 1984, STRATEGIES EXPLOTATI, P61     ZAR JH, 1996, BIOSTATISTICAL ANALEnglishArticle642UHOECOLOGIA},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {195-202},
	abstract = {This paper investigates the effect of brood parasitism in a dung beetle assemblage in an arid region of Spain. The study was conducted during the spring season (March-May 1994-1998) using mesh cylinders buried into the ground, filled with sand and with sheep dung on top. We quantified the proportion of nests containing larvae of parasitic beetles and their effect on host larvae survival. Experiments on the effect of parasitic larvae on host-larvae survival were conducted by placing scarab brood masses (raised from captive scarabs in the laboratory) in containers with and without aphodiid larvae. During the spring, dung desiccation is rapid, preventing aphodiids nesting in the dung, and forcing these species to adopt brood parasitism as a nesting strategy. Parasitic aphodiids were found in 12-47\% of scarab nests of three species. The incidence of brood parasitization was positively related with the number of brood masses contained in the nests, being also higher in the most abundant species. Field data and experiments showed that brood parasites significantly reduced host larvae survival from 74.8\% in non-parasitized nests to 8.8\% in parasitized nests. Because different rates of nest parasitization and mortality were caused by parasites, brood parasitism had a differential effect on different host species. Thus, brood, parasitism constitutes an important mortality factor reducing the reproductive success of the host species and potentially affecting the beetle abundance in the area.},
	keywords = {abundance, aphodius ater, assemblage, cleptoparasite, COLEOPTERA, community, coprophagous beetles, desert ecology, hymenoptera, intraspecific competition, kleptoparasitism, Larval mortality, resource utilization, Scarabaeidae},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000180822900005},
	author = {Gonzalez-Megias, A. and Sanchez-Pinero, F.}
}
@article {1697,
	title = {Estados preimaginales, nidificacion y fenologia de Canthidium (E.) moestum Harold, 1867 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Coprini)},
	journal = {Acta Zoologica Mexicana (nueva serie)},
	volume = {73},
	year = {1998},
	pages = {155-165},
	keywords = {canthidium moestum, COLEOPTERA, Coprinae, larva, life cycle, nesting behavior, phenology, pupa, Scarabaeidae, taxonomy},
	author = {Gonzalez-Vainer, Patricia and Morelli, Enrique}
}
@article {1762,
	title = {Effects of forest fragmentation on the activity of dung beetles},
	journal = {Revue D Ecologie-La Terre Et La Vie},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Times Cited: 0Cited Reference Count: 51Cited References:      *SPSS INC, 1998, SYSTAT 8 0 STAT     ANDRESEN E, 1999, BIOTROPICA, V31, P145     ANDRESEN E, 2000, THESIS U FLORIDA     ANDRSEN E, 1994, THESIS DUKE U     BORNEMISSZA GF, 1970, PEDOBIOLOGIA, V10, P1     BROWN KS, 1997, TROPICAL FOREST REMN, P91     CLAESSENS O, 2002, REV ECOL TERRE VIE S, V8, P21     DALECKY A, 2002, REV ECOL TERRE VIE S, V8, P145     DIDHAM RK, 1998, ECOL MONOGR, V68, P295     DIDHAM RK, 1996, TRENDS ECOL EVOL, V11, P255     ESTRADA A, 1999, AM J PRIMATOL, V48, P253     ESTRADA A, 1986, FRUGIVORES SEED DISP     ESTRADA A, 1991, J TROP ECOL, V7, P459     ESTRADA A, 1998, J TROP ECOL 5, V14, P577     FEER F, 1999, J TROP ECOL, V15, P1     FEER F, 2001, REV ECOL-TERRE VIE, V56, P119     FINCHER GT, 1973, J PARASITOL, V59, P396     FORGET PM, 1991, TROP ECOL, V32, P155     GILL BD, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P211     GRANJON L, 1996, ACTA OECOL, V17, P673     GUILLOTIN M, 1994, J ZOOL, V233, P551     HALFFTER G, 1966, FOLIA ENTOMOL MEXICO, V12, P1     HALFFTER G, 1992, FOLIA ENTOMOLOGICA M, V84, P131     HALFFTER G, 1982, NESTING BEHAV DUNG B     HALLWACHS W, 1994, CLUMSY DANCE AGOUTI     HANSKI I, 1989, ECOSYSTEMS WORLD, P489     HINGRAT Y, 1999, EFFETS FRAGMENTATION     HOWDEN HF, 1981, CONTRIBUTIONS AM ENT, V18, P1     HOWE HF, 1980, ECOLOGY, V61, P944     HOWE HF, 1989, OECOLOGIA, V79, P417     JANZEN DH, 1982, ECOLOGY, V63, P1887     JANZEN DH, 1986, FRUGIVORES SEED DISP, P251     JULLIOT C, 1996, INT J PRIMATOL, V17, P239     KLEIN BC, 1989, ECOLOGY, V70, P1715     LAURANCE WF, 1997, TROPICAL FOREST REMN     LOVEJOY TE, 1986, CONSERVATION BIOL SC, P257     MALCOLM JR, 1997, TROPICAL FOREST REMN, P207     PECK SB, 1984, BIOTROPICA, V16, P235     PECK SB, 1982, CAN J ZOOL, V60, P1624     POWELL AH, 1987, BIOTROPICA, V19, P176     RATIARISON S, 1999, FRAGMENTATION FOREST     RINGUET S, 1998, THESIS MUSEUM NAT HI     SABATIER D, 1983, THESIS U SCI TECHNIQ     SHEPHERD VE, 1998, J TROP ECOL 2, V14, P199     SILVIUS KM, 1999, THESIS U FLORIDA     SIMMEN B, 1996, INT J PRIMATOL, V17, P661     SOKAL RR, 1981, BIOMETRY     SOUZA OFF, 1994, J TROP ECOL, V10, P197     SPIRONELLO WR, 1999, THESIS U CAMBRIDGE U     VANROOSMALEN MGM, 1985, ACTA AMAZONICA, V19, P1     VULINEC K, 2000, FLA ENTOMOL, V83, P229FrenchArticle8616CUREV ECOL-TERRE VIE},
	pages = {165-179},
	abstract = {The effect of seed burial by dung beetles on seed survival and seedling establishment in Tetragastris altissima (Burseraceae) was measured on 3 sites of continuous forest and 7 islands in the man-inundated rain forest of Saint-Eugene, French Guiana. Experiments using a total of 250 seeds were performed using wire enclosures open to dung beetles but excluding terrestrial seed predators. Fragmentation had no effect on the rate of dung disappearance at 12, 24 and 48 h because there was a high variability between sites. On average, 24 \% of seeds were buried by dung beetles after 72 h, Overall, there was no effect of fragmentation due to variation between sites. Dung burial rates were positively correlated with rarefaction of the dung beetle samples collected on the different sites. They were also positively correlated with weighted abundances of large diurnal tunnellers after 12 h and to total tunnellers after 24 h. Seed burial was positively correlated to weighted abundance of large nocturnal tunnellers and of total tunnellers. The species diversity and abundance were positively related to area that did not involve a correlation between seed burial rates and area. After 72 h, survival rate of protected seeds at ground surface was significantly larger (78 \%) than for non protected seeds (22 \%), which were attacked by rodents. There was no difference between continuous forest and islands. Eight percent of buried seeds emerged, i.e. 2 \% of all seeds deposited. Burial depth significantly affected the rate of emergence of buried seeds. Ninety percent of seeds at surface germinated versus 0 \% at 10 and 15 cm. The effects of seed burial by dung beetles on early recruitment of T altissima was low and highly variable between sites in relation with the structure of the community of Scarabaeidae and intensity of seed predation.},
	keywords = {Amazonia, COLEOPTERA, communities, dispersal, french-guiana, los-tuxtlas, Mexico, monkeys alouatta-palliata, Scarabaeidae, seed, tropical rain-forest},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000179284800011},
	author = {Hingrat, Y. and Feer, F.}
}
@article {1832,
	title = {Effect of habitat transformation on dung beetle assemblages: A comparison between a South African nature reserve and neighboring farms},
	journal = {Environmental Entomology},
	volume = {30},
	number = {3},
	year = {2001},
	note = {digital copy},
	pages = {474-483},
	abstract = {The effect of habitat transformation on dung beetle assemblages in the north-western Free State was investigated by comparing the fauna of a nature reserve with that on neighboring farms. Dung beetle sampling was done in four different localities within two different habitat types, a grassveld area and a bushveld (savanna) area. In these two habitat types, dung beetle assemblages in Sandveld Nature Reserve (27[degree] 37{\textquoteright} S, 25[degree] 46{\textquoteright} E) and on farms were compared. Eighty-three species belonging to 26 genera were captured in the study area. Doube{\textquoteright}s classification was used to divide the dung beetles into functional groups according to the manner in which they use and disturb dung. The grassveld habitats were dominated by larger dung beetles belonging to functional groups I and II, whereas in the bushveld habitats smaller dung beetles belonging to functional groups IV and V were dominant. There were definite habitat preferences, with the larger dung beetles belonging to functional group I and II preferring the grassveld habitats and having higher abundance in the natural rather than the disturbed habitats. The smaller dung beetles, belonging to functional group V, preferred the bushveld habitats. The better competitors (the larger dung beetles) occurred more abundantly in the grassveld habitats and also more abundantly in the natural grassveld habitat than in the disturbed habitat. None of the indices measuring species richness nor dominance showed significant differences between the four habitats. The dung beetle assemblages in all four habitats showed a log series pattern, with high abundance of a few dominant, highly effective competitors and a large number of {\textquoteright}rare{\textquoteright} species, which were assumed to be less effective competitors. This does not, however, imply that the dung beetles were similarly affected by the different habitats, because the biomass of dung beetles was higher in the grassveld than the bushveld habitats and also higher in the natural habitats. A change in vegetational ground cover caused by overgrazing and trampling has a greater effect on the larger, more effective competitors in the assemblage, whereas the smaller less effective competitors do not seem to be affected by this change.},
	keywords = {agriculture, COLEOPTERA, community structure, habitat, matrix, Scarabaeidae},
	author = {Jankielsohn, A. and Scholtz, C. H. and Louw, S. V. D. M.}
}
@article {1846,
	title = {Diversity of dung-beetle community in declining Japanese subalpine forest caused by an increasing sika deer population},
	journal = {Ecological Research},
	volume = {20},
	number = {2},
	year = {2005},
	note = {digital and hard copy},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {135-141},
	abstract = {The Ohdaigahara subalpine plateau in Japan has recently suffered a reduction in primary forest land caused by an increasing population of sika deer (Cervus nippon). Deer have debarked many trees, causing die-back, gradually changing the primary forest first to light forest with a floor that is densely covered with sasa grass (Sasa nipponica) and then to S. nipponica grassland. To examine the effects of vegetative transformation on the dung-beetle community, we compared the diversity and abundance of dung-beetle assemblages in the primary forest, transition forest, and S. nipponica grassland using dung-baited pitfall traps. The species richness and species diversity (Shannon-Wiener index) were significantly highest in the primary forest and lowest in the S. nipponica grassland. The evenness (Smith-Wilson index) was highest in the primary forest and nearly equal in the transition forest and S. nipponica grassland. The abundance was apparently greater in the transition forest than in the primary forest and S. nipponica grassland. These results suggest that loss of primary forest resulting from an increasing deer population decreases the diversity of the dung-beetle community while increasing the abundance of dung beetles in the transition forest. Sika deer use transition forests and grasslands more frequently than primary forests as habitat, but an increase in dung supply there does not necessarily increase the diversity or abundance of dung-beetle assemblages.},
	keywords = {alouatta-palliata, COLEOPTERA, dung beetle, evenness, fragmentation, los-tuxtlas, Mexico, ohdaigahara mammals, primary forest, sasa nipponica, Sasa nipponica grassland, Scarabaeidae, south-africa, transition forest, tropical rain-forest},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000228011500004 },
	author = {Kanda, N. and Yokota, T. and Shibata, E. and Sato, H.}
}
@article {1888,
	title = {Diplopod defensive secretions as attractants for necrophagous scarab beetles (Diplopoda; Insecta, Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae)},
	journal = {Entomologica Scandinavica},
	year = {1997},
	note = {Times Cited: 0Cited Reference Count: 26Cited References:      BALTHASAR V, 1966, REICHENBACHIA, V8, P45     BALTHASAR V, 1966, REV ZOOLOGIE BOT AFR, V74, P242     BROWN WL, 1992, PSYCHE, V99, P275     CAMBEFORT Y, 1980, ANN U DABIDJAN E, V13, P61     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P22     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P156     CAMBEFORT Y, 1984, TRAVAUX CHERCHEURS S, V3     DANGERFIELD JM, 1996, MEMOIR MUS NATL HIST, V169, P617     DANGERFIELD JM, 1990, PEDOBIOLOGIA, V34, P141     DEMANGE JM, 1993, MILLEPATTIA, V2, P29     EISNER T, 1978, ARTHROPOD VENOMS, P41     EISNER T, 1965, NAT HIST, V74, P30     GILL BD, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P211     HAACKER U, 1974, S ZOOL SOC LOND, V32, P317     HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY     HOFFMAN RL, 1996, MYRIAPODOLOGICA, V4, P43     HOPKIN SP, 1992, BIOL MILLIPEDES     ISTASSE A, 1982, ANN SOC ROY ZOOL BEL, V112, P41     KINKEL H, 1955, Z ANGEW ENTOMOL, V37, P401     MAHSBERG D, 1997, ENT SCAND S, V51, P269     OCHI T, IN PRESS GIORNALE IT     ROTH LM, 1962, ANNU REV ENTOMOL, V7, P107     SMOLANOFF J, 1975, PSYCHE, V82, P78     STOVE MK, 1995, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V92, P23     WALTER P, 1978, THESIS U SCI TECHNIQ     WHEELER JW, 1964, SCIENCE, V144, P540EnglishArticle51YW107ENTOMOL SCAND},
	pages = {281-285},
	abstract = {The necrophagous dung beetle Onthophagus latigibber d{\textquoteright}Orbigny, 1902 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) was attracted in large numbers to diplopod carcasses. The attractiveness of diplopod (Spirobolida) defensive secretions to three Onthophagus species was demonstrated in field experiments. Since these beetles are attracted by a repellent, they have the advantage of being the first and exclusive users of freshly dead diplopods.},
	keywords = {attractant, COLEOPTERA, defensive secretions, Diplopoda, millipede, necrocenosis, quinones, savanna, Scarabaeidae, tropical Africa},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000071897600036},
	author = {Krell, F. T. and Schmitt, T. and Linsenmair, K. E.}
}
@article {1956,
	title = {Contribution a l{\textquoteright}etude des Oniticellini. Nidification et morphologie larvaire d{\textquoteright}Oniticellus rhadamistus (F.) (Col. Scarabaeidae) et considerations sur la position taxonomique de cette espece},
	journal = {Annals Societe d{\textquoteright}entomologie France (nouvelle serie)},
	volume = {19},
	number = {3},
	year = {1983},
	pages = {311-316},
	keywords = {COLEOPTERA, larva, nidifcation, Oniticellini, oniticellus rhadamistus, Scarabaeidae},
	author = {Lumaret, Jean-Pierre and Moretto, Philippe}
}
@article {1969,
	title = {Especies de Scarabaeidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) coletadas em fezes bovinas e carcaca de suinos em Itumbiara, Goias, Brasil},
	journal = {Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical},
	volume = {30},
	number = {2},
	year = {2000},
	month = {jul/dec},
	pages = {1-4},
	abstract = {The study of the Scarabaiedae associated with cattle dung pats and with pig carcass in the region of Itumbiara, Goiás, Brazil. Twenty samples of bovine dung were taken at random, each month, from pats eight days old, placed in plastic containers and taken to the laboratory. Pig carcass Sus sp. was selected as bait. Two baits were exposed to the enviroment conditions in two different places: pasture and forest area, the former in the presence of sunlight and the latter in absence of it. Scarabaiedae were extracted using Berlese funnel. The most frequent species were: Ataenius aequalis (cattle dung) and Trichillum externepunctatum (pig carcass).},
	keywords = {brazil, COLEOPTERA, decomposition, Insecta, Scarabaeidae},
	author = {Marchiori, Carlos Enrique}
}
@article {1612,
	title = {Dung and carrion beetles of the rain forest of French Guiana: composition and structure of the guild},
	journal = {Annales De La Societe Entomologique De France},
	volume = {36},
	number = {1},
	year = {2000},
	note = {Times Cited: 1Cited Reference Count: 60Cited References:      ANDRESEN E, 1999, BIOTROPICA, V31, P145     ANDRESEN E, 1994, THESIS FRUGIVORY PRI     BALTHASAR V, 1963, MONOGRAPHIE SCARABAE, V1     BONGERS F, 2000, BIOL MONOGRAPH SERIE     BRYAN RP, 1976, AUSTR J AGR RES, V27, P567     CAMBEFORT Y, 1986, ACTA OECOL-OEC GEN, V7, P17     CAMBEFORT Y, 1982, ANN SOC ENTOMOL FR, V18, P433     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P156     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P198     CAMBEFORT Y, 1985, REV FRANCAISE ENTOMO, V7, P337     CASWELL H, 1976, ECOL MONOGR, V46, P327     DADDA AA, 1998, NEOTROPICAL PRIMATES, V6, P111     DAJOZ R, 1994, ANN SOC ENTOMOL FR, V30, P159     DAVIS AJ, 1993, THESIS U LEEDS RU     DUBOST G, 1987, MAMMALIA, V51, P415     ESTRADA A, 1986, FRUGIVORES SEED DISP, P9     ESTRADA A, 1993, J TROP ECOL, V9, P45     ESTRADA A, 1991, J TROP ECOL, V7, P459     FEER F, 1999, J TROP ECOL 2, V15, P129     FINCHER GT, 1973, J PARASITOL, V59, P396     FISCHER RA, 1943, THEORETICAL POPULATI, V7, P197     GILL BD, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P211     GLANZ WE, 1990, 4 NEOTROPICAL RAINFO, P287     HALFFTER G, 1993, BIOL INT, V27, P15     HALFFTER G, 1966, FOLIA ENTOMOL MEXICO, V12, P1     HALFFTER G, 1992, FOLIA ENTOMOLOGICA M, V84, P131     HALFFTER G, 1991, FOLIA ENTOMOLOGICA M, V82, P195     HALFFTER G, 1982, NESTING BEHAV DUNG B     HALFFTER G, 1980, QUAEST ENTOMOL, V16, P599     HANSKI I, 1983, ACTA ZOOL FENN, V167, P1     HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P5     HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P283     HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P303     HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P330     HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P350     HANSKI I, 1982, OIKOS, V38, P210     HANSKI I, 1989, TROPICAL RAIN FOREST, P489     HEINRICH B, 1979, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V52, P484     HOWDEN HF, 1975, BIOTROPICA, V7, P77     HOWDEN HF, 1981, CONTRIBUTIONS AM ENT, V18, P1     JANZEN DH, 1982, ECOLOGY, V63, P1887     JANZEN DH, 1982, SCIENCE, V215, P19     KLEIN BC, 1989, ECOLOGY, V70, P1715     KOHLMAN B, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P116     LAURANCE WF, 1997, TROPICAL FOREST REMN     LOBO JM, 1988, REV ECOL BIOL SOL, V25, P77     LOUZADA JNC, 1997, REV BRASILEIRA ENTOM, V41, P117     LOVEJOY TE, 1990, 4 NEOTROPICAL RAINFO, P60     MAGURRAN AE, 1988, ECOLOGICAL DIVERSITY     MCARTHUR RH, 1972, GEOGRAPHICAL ECOLOGY     PECK SB, 1984, BIOTROPICA, V16, P235     PECK SB, 1982, CAN J ZOOL, V60, P1624     PONCY O, 1998, FOREST BIODIVERSITY, P389     SABATIER D, 1990, BOIS FOR TROP, V219, P31     SHEPHERD VE, 1998, J TROP ECOL 2, V14, P199     SIMMEN B, 1998, CR ACAD SCI III-VIE, V321, P699     TERBORGH J, 1997, TROPICAL FOREST REMN, P256     VOSS RS, 1996, B AM MUS NAT HIST, V230, P1     WALTER P, 1984, B SOC ENTOMOLOGIQUE, V88, P514     WOODRUFF RE, 1973, SCARAB BEETLES FLORI, V8FrenchArticle319LXANN SOC ENTOMOL FR},
	month = {Jan-Mar},
	pages = {29-43},
	abstract = {A guild of neotropical rain forest dung and carrion beetles, has been studied in a locality of undisturbed rain forest in French Guiana. A total of 87 species was captured. Scarabaeidae with 76 species were the most numerous;Aphodiidae and other minor families were rare. Species diversity and equitability were high and showed small variation with seasons. Tunneller species ( 48 species) were larger and more numerous than roller species (18 species) and dwellers. Food preferences, and activity rhythm of species were described.},
	keywords = {alouatta-palliata, COLEOPTERA, communities, ivory-coast, los-tuxtlas, Mexico, monkeys, Scarabaeidae, seed dispersal},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000087344100002},
	author = {Feer, F.}
}
@article {1636,
	title = {Experimental investigations of colonisation by north temperate dung beetles of different types of domestic herbivore dung},
	journal = {Applied Soil Ecology},
	volume = {20},
	number = {1},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Times Cited: 1Cited Reference Count: 33Cited References:      ASCHENBORN HH, 1989, ENTOMOL EXP APPL, V53, P73     BARBERO E, 1999, J INSECT CONSERVATIO, V3, P75     BISTROM O, 1991, ENTOMOL FENNICA, V2, P53     BREYMEYER A, 1975, B ACAD POLONAISE SB, V23, P173     DADOUR IR, 1996, ENVIRON ENTOMOL, V25, P1026     DANIEL WW, 1978, APPL NONPARAMETRIC S     EDWARDS PB, 1991, FUNCT ECOL, V5, P617     FINN JA, 1998, APPL SOIL ECOL, V10, P27     FINN JA, 2000, ECOGRAPHY, V23, P301     FINN JA, 1999, ECOL ENTOMOL, V24, P24     FINN JA, 1998, THESIS NATL U IRELAN, P199     GITTINGS T, 1998, ECOGRAPHY, V21, P581     GITTINGS T, 1997, ECOGRAPHY, V20, P55     GITTINGS T, 1994, PEDOBIOLOGIA, V38, P455     GITTINGS T, 1994, THESIS NATL U IRELAN, P323     GREENHAM PM, 1972, J ANIM ECOL, V41, P153     HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P75     HIMMELSBACH W, 1993, THESIS FREIBURG     HIRSCHBERGER P, 1994, PEDOBIOLOGIA, V38, P375     HOLTER P, 1983, EARTHWORM ECOLOGY, P49     HOLTER P, 1979, ECOL ENTOMOL, V4, P317     HOLTER P, 1982, OIKOS, V39, P213     HOLTER P, 1979, OIKOS, V32, P393     KIELY J, 1984, SOIL SURVEY B FORAS, V38     LUMARET JP, 1993, J APPL ECOL, V30, P428     MACQUEEN A, 1986, J AUST ENTOMOL SOC, V25, P23     OLECHOWICZ E, 1974, ECOL POL, V22, P589     PALMER WA, 1983, PROT ECOL, V5, P153     RAINIO M, 1966, ANN ZOOL FENN, V3, P88     RASSI P, 1991, 30 MIN ENV, P328     RIDSDILLSMITH TJ, 1986, B ENTOMOL RES, V76, P63     SOWIG P, 1994, ZOOL JB SYST, V121, P171     TYNDALEBISCOE M, 1981, B ENTOMOL RES, V71, P137EnglishArticle578NGAPPL SOIL ECOL},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {1-13},
	abstract = {Field experiments investigated the colonisation by a north temperate dung beetle community (Aphodius, Geotrupes and Sphaeridium species) of artificial, standardised (11) dung pats from native herbivore species (cow, horse and sheep). An additional experiment compared the colonisation by dung beetles of five different types of cow dung. These experiments did not examine naturally occurring dung pats, but used experimental dung pats to examine the ability of north temperate dung beetles to discriminate among different dung types. A small number of laboratory experiments investigated pat residence times (PRT) and larval production across different dung types. There were significant differences in the biomass and abundance of dung beetle colonisation across different dung types. Sheep dung tended to have highest abundances of beetles, but there was evidence of species-specific differences in dung beetle colonisation of the different kinds of dung. In two out of three comparisons, laboratory experiments provided evidence that adult PRT were significantly different among different kinds of dung. In each of three laboratory experiments, larval production was significantly higher in sheep than cow dung pats of the same size. The relevance of these findings to the interpretation of what constitutes a dung type preference is discussed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {abundance, aphodius, assemblage, cattle dung, COLEOPTERA, colonisation, disappearance, dung beetle, Onthophagus, resource, resource utilization, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeoidea, seasonal-changes, utilisation},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000177123900001},
	author = {Finn, J. A. and Giller, P. S.}
}
@article {2002,
	title = {The verification and application of bioindicators: a case study of dung beetles in a savanna ecosystem},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Ecology},
	volume = {39},
	number = {4},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Times Cited: 1Cited Reference Count: 50Cited References:      ANDERSEN AN, 2002, J APPL ECOL, V39, P8     BALMFORD A, 1996, P ROY SOC LOND B BIO, V263, P1571     BROWN JH, 1984, AM NAT, V124, P255     BULMER MG, 1979, PRINCIPLES STAT     CARO TM, 1999, CONSERV BIOL, V13, P805     COLLETT D, 1991, MODELLING BINARY DAT     COLWELL RK, 2000, TRENDS ECOL EVOL, V15, P70     COUSINS SH, 1991, TRENDS ECOL EVOL, V6, P190     DAVIS AJ, 2001, J APPL ECOL, V38, P593     DAVIS ALV, 1997, AFR J ECOL, V35, P10     DAVIS ALV, 1994, J NAT HIST, V28, P383     DEMPSTER JP, 1998, INSECT POPULATIONS T     DIAMOND JM, 1975, ECOLOGY EVOLUTION CO, P342     DOUBE BM, 1983, B ENTOMOL RES, V73, P357     DOUBE BM, 1987, ORG COMMUNITIES PAST, P255     DUFRENE M, 1997, ECOL MONOGR, V67, P345     ERHARDT A, 1991, CONSERVATION INSECTS, P213     FAVILA ME, 1997, ACTA ZOOLOGICA MEXIC, V72, P1     GASTON KJ, 1997, J ANIM ECOL, V66, P579     GASTON KJ, 1994, RARITY     GREENSLADE PJM, 1983, AM NAT, V122, P352     HILTY J, 2000, BIOL CONSERV, V92, P185     JENKINS DW, 1971, MANS IMPACT TERRESTR, P351     KENT M, 1997, PROG PHYS GEOG, V21, P315     KINGSOLVER JG, 1989, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V62, P314     KITCHING RL, 2000, J APPL ECOL, V37, P284     KLEIN BC, 1989, ECOLOGY, V70, P1715     KREMEN C, 1994, CONSERV BIOL, V8, P388     LUFF ML, 1995, INSECTS CHANGING ENV, P400     LYONS SK, 1997, OIKOS, V79, P568     MAJER JD, 1998, J APPL ECOL, V35, P161     MCCULLAGH P, 1989, GEN LINEAR MODELS     MCGEOCH MA, 1998, BIOL REV, V73, P181     MCGEOCH MA, 1998, TRENDS ECOL EVOL, V13, P46     NOSS RF, 1990, CONSERV BIOL, V4, P355     RABINOWITZ D, 1981, BIOL ASPECTS RARE PL, P205     SOUTHWOOD TRE, 1977, J ANIM ECOL, V46, P337     SPECTOR S, 1998, CONSERVATION CHANGIN, P181     STEENKAMP HE, 1996, BIOL CONSERV, V78, P305     TAUBER MJ, 1998, ENVIRON ENTOMOL, V27, P523     THOMSON JD, 1996, ECOLOGY, V77, P1698     VANRENSBURG BJ, 1999, BIOL CONSERV, V88, P145     VANRENSBURG BJ, 2000, ECOLOGY, V81, P3163     VANRENSBURG BJ, 2000, J BIOGEOGR, V27, P1385     VANSTRAALEN NM, 1997, J APPL ECOL, V34, P217     VANWYK AE, 1996, BIODIVERSITY AFRICAN, P198     WEATHERLEY NS, 1990, J APPL ECOL, V27, P952     WEAVER JC, 1995, CONSERV BIOL, V9, P939     WILLIAMS KA, 1986, OECOLOGIA, V70, P362     WOLDA H, 1988, ANNU REV ECOL SYST, V19, P1EnglishArticle580UTJ APPL ECOL},
	month = {Aug},
	pages = {661-672},
	abstract = {1.Bioindicators of habitat quality and environmental change must be identified quantitatively and tested independently to confirm their usefulness. We used the indicator value (IndVal ) method, which combines measures of habitat fidelity and specificity, to assess the indicator responses of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Tembe Elephant Park, South Africa. The indicator responses were verified by sampling in different areas of the Park, 2 years after the responses were originally quantified. 2. We postulated that terrestrial insect indicators with different combinations of habitat specificity and fidelity might fulfil different indicator roles. Indicator species with strong habitat specificity (characteristic species) are unlikely to provide information on the direction of ecological change despite high vulnerability. Rather, detector species that span a range of ecological states are likely to be better in this role. We used IndVal for selecting such detector species that indicate the direction of ecological change. 3. Sets of species were found to be robust bioindicators, i.e. reliably characteristic across the habitat of which they were indicative. The suite of indicators was refined by discarding those with IndVal s that varied significantly across years, thus improving the confidence in the final suite of species selected. By clearly responding to a change in habitat between two ecological states, detector species provided information complementary to that provided by characteristic species. 4. The IndVal method enabled both the identification and testing of indicator (characteristic and detector) species. Because of its resilience to changes in abundance, IndVal is a particularly effective tool for ecological bioindication. 5. We conclude that both characteristic and detector species are useful bioindicators of habitat quality and conversion. We propose that bioindicators that are categorized and verified in this way will have valuable application in the monitoring of habitat integrity.},
	keywords = {assemblages, bioindication, COLEOPTERA, conservation, detector species, habitat, habitat specificity, indicator species, indicators, range size, Scarabaeidae, SELECTION, south-africa, species richness, transformation},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000177255000011},
	author = {McGeoch, M. A. and Van Rensburg, B. J. and Botes, A.}
}
@article {2006,
	title = {Escarabajos coprofagos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) de Colombia},
	journal = {Biota Colombiana},
	volume = {2},
	number = {2},
	year = {2001},
	pages = {131-144},
	keywords = {COLEOPTERA, Colombia, coprophagous beetles, list of species, Scarabaeidae},
	author = {Medina, Claudia A. and Lopera Toro, Alejandro and Vitolo, Adriana and Gill, Bruce}
}
@article {2079,
	title = {First report of whip scorpions (Arachnida: Uropygi) feeding on dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)},
	journal = {Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa},
	volume = {42},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {451-452},
	abstract = {Dung beetles are among the most inrportanl insect groups in ecosystems, but despite th{\textexclamdown}s l{\textexclamdown}ttle information exists about their predators. In the present study, predation on dung beetles by whip scorpions is reported for the first time, based on observations carried out under captivity. Further research and analyses of tl-re predators of this groLrp are necessary.},
	keywords = {Arachnida, COLEOPTERA, Colombia, Dichotomius, Mastigoproctus, predation, Scarabaeidae, Uropygi, whip scorpions},
	author = {Noriega, Jorge and Botero Trujillo, Ricardo}
}
@article {2086,
	title = {Dung beetles of the Kibale Forest, Uganda; comparison between virgin and managed forests},
	journal = {Journal of Tropical Ecology},
	volume = {5},
	year = {1989},
	note = {have a copy},
	pages = {349-352},
	keywords = {COLEOPTERA, conservation (biological conservation 2007), forest management, modification, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae, selective logging},
	author = {Matti Nummelin and Ilkka Hanski}
}
@article {2099,
	title = {A new species of Aphodius Illiger (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidea: Aphodiinae) from the central United States},
	journal = {Zootaxa},
	volume = {1185},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {61-68},
	keywords = {Aphodiinae, aphodius, COLEOPTERA, new species, Scarabaeidae, United States},
	author = {Paulsen, M. J.}
}
@article {2191,
	title = {Quinone mixture as attractant for necrophagous dung beetles specialized on dead millipedes},
	journal = {Journal of Chemical Ecology},
	volume = {30},
	number = {4},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Times Cited: 0Cited Reference Count: 37Cited References:      ALDRICH JR, 1995, J ARACHNOL, V23, P212     ATTYGALLE AB, 1993, J NAT PRODUCTS, V56, P1700     BAKER GH, 1985, J AUST ENTOMOL SOC, V24, P247     BLUM MS, 1981, CHEM DEFENSES ARTHRO     BRUHL C, 2003, COLEOPTS BULL, V57, P51     CAMBEFORT Y, 1984, TRAV CHERCH STATION, V3, R1     CAMBEFORT Y, 1984, TRAVAUX CHERCHEURS S, V3, P1     DANGERFIELD JM, 1990, PEDOBIOLOGIA, V34, P141     DEMANGE JM, 1993, MILLEPATTIA, V2, P29     DISNEY RHL, 1994, SCUTTLE FLIES PHORID     EISNER T, 1978, ARTHROPOD VENOMS, P41     EISNER T, 1998, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V95, P1108     FREY G, 1961, PARC NATL GARAMBA MI, V21, P69     GODFREY IM, 1974, J CHEM SOC P1, P1353     HOFFMAN RL, 1996, MYRIAPODOLOGICA, V4, P43     HOPKIN SP, 1992, BIOL MILLIPEDES     HUTH A, 2000, FRAGM FAUN S, V43, P191     IMREI Z, 2002, Z NATURFORSCH C, V57, P177     INOUCHI J, 1988, APPL ENTOMOL ZOOL, V23, P167     KOPF A, 1997, ECOL ENTOMOL, V22, P176     KRELL FT, 1997, ENTOMOLOGICA SCAND S, V51, P281     KRELL FT, 1998, ZOOLOGY ANAL COMP S1, V101, P12     KRELL FT, 1999, AFR ENTOMOL, V7, P287     KRELL FT, 1999, TROP ZOOL, V12, P297     LAWRENCE RF, 1987, CENTIPEDES MILLIPEDE     LEVIEUX J, 1972, ANN U ABIDJAN E, V5, P143     LULY JR, 1981, J ORG CHEM, V46, P2745     MAHSBERG D, 1997, ENT SCAND S, V51, P269     MASUMOTO K, 2001, ELYTRA, V29, P439     POILECOT P, 1991, IVC87007 UNESCOPNUD, V2, P1     POREMBSKI S, 1991, NAT MUS, V121, P61     RUTHER J, 2001, OECOLOGIA, V128, P44     SHARMA PK, 1985, ACTA CHIM HUNG, V120, P163     STOWE MK, 1995, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V92, P23     VALDERRAMA X, 2000, J CHEM ECOL, V26, P2781     WELDON PJ, 2003, NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN, V90, P301     ZUK M, 1998, Q REV BIOL, V73, P415EnglishArticleJ CHEM ECOL822HV},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {731-740},
	abstract = {2-Methyl-1,4-benzoquinone (toluquinone) and 2-methoxy-3-methyl1,4-benzoquinone are the most common components of defensive secretions of juliform millipedes (Diplopoda: Juliformia). A natural and a synthetic millipede-defensive secretion composed of these two substances attract dung beetles of a few Onthophagus species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) that feed mainly on freshly dead millipedes. This olfactory mechanism and adaptation to the toxic effects of quinones enables them to be the first and exclusive users of this resource.},
	keywords = {attractants, benzoquinones, chemical defense, COLEOPTERA, defensive secretions, diplopod-defensive secretions, Diplopoda, Dung beetles, food, necrophagy, predators, quinones, Scarabaeidae},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000221530700004},
	author = {Schmitt, T. and Krell, F. T. and Linsenmair, K. E.}
}
@article {2213,
	title = {Phylogeography of the Namib Desert dung beetles Scarabaeus (Pachysoma) MacLeay (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)},
	journal = {Journal of Biogeography},
	volume = {32},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {75-84},
	abstract = {Aim Namib biogeography in many instances remains reliant on advanced and detailed systematic studies. This study attempts to combine molecular phylogenetic data, geology and palaeo-climatic data to (i) resolve the relationships of the 13 morphological species of Scarabaeus (Pachysoma) and (ii) relate their evolution to past climatic and geological events. Location South Africa and Namibia. Methods Sequencing of a 1197 bp segment of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene of the 13 species within Scarabaeus (Pachysoma) was undertaken. Analyses performed included Parsimony and Maximum Likelihood as well as imposing a molecular clock. Results The molecular phylogeny showed strong support for 11 of the 13 morphological species. The remaining two species, S. (P.) glentoni and S. (P.) hippocrates, formed a complex and could not be assigned specific status on the basis of the COI gene phylogeny. Strong support for the three species formerly classified within the genus Neopachysoma was consistently obtained. The subgenus appears to have arisen c. 2.9 Ma. Species within the subgenus arose at different times, with the common ancestor to Neopachysoma and the hippocrates complex having evolved 2.65 and 2.4 Ma, respectively. Scarabaeus (P.) denticollis, S. (P.) rotundigenus, S. (P.) rodriguesi and S. (P.) schinzi are some of the youngest species, having diverged between 2 million and 600,000 years ago. Main conclusions Scarabaeus (Pachysoma) is a derived monophyletic clade within the Scarabaeini. The subgenus appears to be young in comparison with the age of the Namib Desert, which dates back to the Miocene (c. 15 Ma). The psammophilous taxa are shown to disperse with their substratum and habitat, barchan dunes. Clear south/north evolutionary gradients can be seen within the species of this subgenus, which are consistent with the unidirectional wind regime. Species with a suite of mostly plesiomorphic characters have a southerly distribution while their derived psammophilous relatives have central to northern Namib distributions. Major rivers such as the Orange, Buffels and Holgat appear to be gene barriers to certain species as well as areas of origin of speciation events. },
	keywords = {Aptery, biogeography, COLEOPTERA, cytochrome oxidase I, endemic, mitochondrial DNA, namib desert, phylogeny, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeus (Pachysoma).},
	author = {Sole, Catherine L. and Scholtz, Clarke H. and Bastos, Armanda D. S.}
}
@article {2309,
	title = {Contribution a la connaissance des scarabeides coprophages du Gabon (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). VIII. Le peuplement forestier de la region de Bifoun: donnees bio-ecologiques},
	journal = {Elytron},
	volume = {5},
	number = {1},
	year = {1991},
	pages = {115-123},
	keywords = {bioecology, COLEOPTERA, coprophagous, gabon, Scarabaeidae},
	author = {Walter, Philippe}
}
