@article {1311,
	title = {The insect-free cattle dropping and its relationship to increased dung fouling of rangeland pastures.},
	journal = {Journal of Economic Entomology},
	volume = {77},
	year = {1984},
	note = {have copy},
	pages = {133-141},
	keywords = {cattle feces, dung beetle, ecological function, ecosystem service, ecosystem services, pasture},
	author = {Anderson, J. R. and Merrit,  R. W. and Loomis, E. C.}
}
@mastersthesis {1370,
	title = {Dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae and Geotrupidae) in North Carolina Pasture Ecosystem},
	volume = {MS},
	year = {2006},
	note = {digital},
	month = {2006},
	pages = {134},
	school = {North Carolina University},
	address = {Raleigh},
	keywords = {cattle, dung beetle, ecological function, ecosystem service, function, north america, nutrient mobilization, pasture},
	author = {Bertone, Matt}
}
@mastersthesis {1372,
	title = {Dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae and Geotrupidae) of North Carolina Cattle Pastures  and their Implications for Pasture Improvement},
	volume = {MS},
	year = {2004},
	note = {digital},
	month = {2006},
	pages = {134},
	school = {North Carolina University},
	address = {Raleigh},
	keywords = {cattle, dung beetle, ecological function, ecosystem service, function, north america, nutrient mobilization, pasture},
	author = {Bertone, Matthew A.}
}
@article {1842,
	title = {Pastagens no Brasil: Situação Atual e Perspectivas},
	journal = {Pre{\c c}os Agr{\'\i}colas},
	volume = {Janeiro/Fe},
	year = {2001},
	note = {digital},
	pages = {3-7},
	keywords = {brazil, dung beetle, economic potential, extensive, function, pasture, service, tropical},
	author = {Júnior, Geraldo Bueno Martha and Corsi, Moacyr}
}
@article {1865,
	title = {Besouros coprofagos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) coletados em Campo Grande, MS, Brasil},
	journal = {Annales da Sociedade de Entomologia Brasil},
	volume = {28},
	number = {3},
	year = {1999},
	month = {sep},
	pages = {403-412},
	keywords = {brazil, dung beetle, ecology, Insecta, pasture},
	author = {Koller, Wilson W. and Gomes, Alberto and Rodrigues, Sergio R. and Alves, Rafael G. O.}
}
@article {1623,
	title = {The potential value of dung beetles in pasture ecosystems},
	journal = {Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society},
	volume = {16},
	year = {1981},
	note = {have copy},
	pages = {316-333},
	keywords = {dung beetle, ecological function, ecosystem service, parasite, pasture},
	author = {Fincher, G. T.}
}
@article {2021,
	title = {Contribution of Onthophagus gazella to soil fertility improvement by bovine fecal mass incorporation into the soil. 1. Greenhouse studies},
	journal = {Revista Brasileira De Zootecnia-Brazilian Journal of Animal Science},
	volume = {27},
	number = {4},
	year = {1998},
	note = {Times Cited: 1Cited Reference Count: 13Cited References:      ADLER PR, 1985, COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN, V16, P1153     AFZAL M, 1992, SOIL SCI SOC AM J, V56, P1160     BIANCHIN I, 1992, HORA VET, V11, P43     BREMNER JM, 1965, METHODS SOIL ANAL 2, P1179     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P36     DOUBE BM, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P255     FLECHTMANN CAH, 1995, R PARAS ENTOMOL, V39, P237     GALBIATI C, 1995, ECOSSISTEMA, V20, P109     HAYNES RJ, 1993, ADV AGRON, V49, P119     LEE KE, 1982, INT C SOIL ZOOL LOUV, V6, P35     MIRANDA CHB, 1997, REUN AN SOC BRAS ZOO, V2, P127     SCHNITZER M, 1978, SOIL ORGANIC MATTER     WHITEHEAD DC, 1995, GRASSLAND NITROGENPortugueseArticle138EDREV BRAS ZOOTECN},
	month = {Jul-Aug},
	pages = {681-685},
	abstract = {The incorporation of fresh bovine fecal mass by Onthophagus gazella on a Purple Latosol from Cerrados region in Campo Grande, MS and its contribution to green matter production and nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) content of Brachiaria decumbens were studied, under partial lab and greenhouse controlled conditions. Sixty pots containing 10 kg of that soil were prepared for the following treatments: control (without beetle) and 3, 6 and 12 pairs of O. gazella, with 15 replicates for each treatment. After distribution of the treatments, 400 g of fresh bovine fecal mass were added to each treatment, followed by further additions of 300 g at day two and 300 g at four days after the first addition, which resulted in a total of 159 g of dry mass added. Ten days after the first addition, non incorporated feces in the soil were collected, and twenty days after seven seedlings of Brachiaria decumbens were transplanted to each pot. At 45, 65, and 85 days after planting, five replicates per treatment were harvested, and the shoot and root plant separated to determine vegetal mass production, by its dry matter weight. From the material harvest at the 85 days, the N and P contents were also determined. From the 159 g added, 75.1, 110.8, and 132.5 g were incorporated, in the treatment 3, 6, and 12 beetle pairs, respectively, which influenced plant establishment and production, as well as its N and P total content. Such a contribution was even more evident with the increase of incorporated biomass, which was proportional to the number of beetle pairs. The appearance of earthworms (non-identified) in the O. gazella treatments was observed, which did not occur in the control. These results attest the important contribution of this beetle specie to the grassland soils fertility.},
	keywords = {Brachiaria decumbens, Brazilian, dung beetle, pasture, savanna, soil biology},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000076957700008},
	author = {Miranda, C. H. B. and dos Santos, J. C. C. and Bianchin, I.}
}
@article {2022,
	title = {Desenvolvimento de um programa integrado de controle dos nemat{\'o}deos e a mosca-dos-chifres na regi{\~a}o dos cerrados. Fase 4. Contribui{\'a}o de Onthophagus gazella o fertilidade do solo pelo enterrio de fezes bovinas. },
	journal = {EMBRAPA. Pesquisa em andamento},
	volume = {43},
	year = {1990},
	note = {have copy disease ecology, parasite transmission, scarbaeinae, ecological function},
	pages = {5},
	keywords = {brazil dung beetle, dung beetle, ecosystem services, flies, muscoid flies, parasite control, pasture},
	author = {Miranda, C. H. B. and Nascimento, Y. A and Bianchin, I.}
}
@article {2049,
	title = {Coprophagous Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) in Uruguayan Prairies: Abundance, Diversity and Seasonal Occurrence},
	journal = {Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment},
	volume = {37},
	number = {1},
	year = {2002},
	note = {need},
	pages = {53 - 57},
	abstract = {Dung beetles have been studied for a two year period (January 1992\&ndash;April 1994). Monthly samples were taken by directly examining 480 bovine and 330 ovine feces. A grand total of 1846 individuals of 12 different species was obtained. The most abundant species were Onthophagus hirculus Mannerheim, 1829 and Canthidium breve (Germar, 1824). However, density values were extremely low and seasonal activity was restricted to a short period. Maximum density in both bovine and ovine droppings was found in November 1993 (8.55 and 8.87 individuals/dung respectively), whereas mean density was 2.57 ind./dung in cattle dung and 1.53 ind./dung in sheep droppings. These density values suggest that populations of native dung beetles in these pastures cannot adequately remove the tons of livestock feces deposited daily throughout the country.},
	keywords = {Dung beetles, ecological function, ecosystem service, pasture, prarie},
	isbn = {0165-0521 \%[ August 15, },
	url = {http://www.informaworld.com/10.1076/snfe.37.1.53.2111 },
	author = {Morelli, E. and Gonzalez-Vainer, P. and Baz, A.}
}
@article {2153,
	title = {Acaros das familias Scutacaridae e Pygmephoridae (Acari: Heterostigmata) associados a besouros coprofagos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) no Brasil},
	journal = {Neotropical Entomology},
	volume = {30},
	number = {3},
	year = {2001},
	month = {sep},
	pages = {387-390},
	abstract = {Dung beetles were collected in pasture areas in Piracicaba (State of São Paulo), Aquidauana (State of Mato Grosso do Sul) and Capão do Leão (State of Rio Grande do Sul). In the first two sites, the beetles were collected in pitfall traps, while in the third site they were collected in a light trap. Mites of the families Scutacaridae and Pygmephoridae were commonly found on those beetles. In the family Scutacaridae, the following species were found: Pygmodispus (Pygmodispus) bicornutus Ebermann \& Rodrigues, Scutacarus longitarsus (Berlese) and Scutacarus sp. In the family Pygmephoridae, the following genera were found: Elattoma, Bakerdania, Elattosoma, Pediculaster sp. near brasiliensis and Sicilipes. Only female mites were collected. },
	keywords = {cattle dung, ecology, pasture, phoresy},
	author = {Rodrigues, Sergio R. and Marchini, Luis C. and Carbonari, Jairo J.}
}
