@article {1460,
	title = {Lunar orientation in a beetle},
	journal = {Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences},
	volume = {271},
	number = {1537},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Times Cited: 2Cited Reference Count: 39Cited References:      ABLE KP, 1980, ANIMAL MIGRATION ORI, P283     ABLE KP, 1989, J EXP BIOL, V141, P241     BAKER RR, 1987, ANIM BEHAV, V35, P94     BATSCHELET E, 1981, CIRCULAR STAT BIOL     BISCH SM, 1999, THESIS RHEINISCHEN F     BLUM M, 2000, J COMP PHYSIOL A, V186, P119     BRINES ML, 1982, J EXP BIOL, V96, P69     BYRNE M, 2003, J COMP PHYSIOL A, V189, P411     DACKE M, 1999, NATURE, V401, P470     DACKE M, 2002, J COMP PHYSIOL A, V188, P211     DACKE M, 2003, J EXP BIOL, V206, P1535     DACKE M, 2003, NATURE, V424, P33     FERGUSON DE, 1965, COPEIA, V1, P58     FREAKE MJ, 1999, J EXP BIOL, V202, P1159     GAL J, 2001, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V106, P22647     HERZMANN D, 1989, J COMP PHYSIOL A, V165, P315     JANDER R, 1957, Z VERGL PHYSIOL, V40, P162     KERFOOT WB, 1967, ANIM BEHAV, V15, P479     LABHART T, 1980, J COMP PHYSL, V141, P19     LABHART T, 1986, J COMP PHYSIOL A, V158, P1     LABHART T, 1999, MICROSC RES TECHNIQ, V47, P368     LABHART T, 2001, J EXP BIOL, V204, P2423     LEUTHOLD RH, 1976, BEHAV ECOL SOCIOBIOL, V1, P127     MCINTYRE P, 1998, J COMP PHYSIOL A, V183, P45     NILSSON DE, 1987, J COMP PHYSIOL A, V161, P645     PARDI L, 1954, Z TIERPSYCHOL, V11, P175     SNYDER AW, 1973, J COMP PHYSL, V83, P331     SOTTHIBANDHU S, 1979, ANIM BEHAV, V27, P786     STRUTT JW, 1871, PHILOS MAG, V41, P107     TONGIORGI P, 1970, B MUS NAT HIST NATUR, V41, P243     UGOLINI A, 1996, BEHAV PROCESS, V36, P151     UGOLINI A, 1999, J COMP PHYSIOL A, V184, P9     UGOLINI A, 1999, P ROY SOC LOND B BIO, V266, P749     UGOLINI A, 2003, P ROY SOC LOND B BIO, V270, P279     WATERMAN TH, 1981, HDB SENSORY PHYSL, V7, P281     WEHNER R, 1975, J COMP PHYSL, V104, P225     WEHNER R, 1984, ANNU REV ENTOMOL, V29, P277     WEHNER R, 1989, J EXP BIOL, V146, P63     WEHNER R, 1994, FORTSCHR ZOOL, V39, P103EnglishArticlePROC ROY SOC LONDON SER B775EV},
	month = {Feb 22},
	pages = {361-365},
	abstract = {Many animals use the sun{\textquoteright}s polarization pattern to orientate, but the dung beetle Scarabaeus zambesianus is the only animal so far known to orientate using the million times dimmer polarization pattern of the moonlit sky. We demonstrate the relative roles of the moon and the nocturnal polarized-light pattern for orientation. We find that artificially changing the position of the moon, or hiding the moon{\textquoteright}s disc from the beetle{\textquoteright}s field of view, generally did not influence its orientation performance. We thus conclude that the moon does not serve as the primary cue for orientation. The effective cue is the polarization pattern formed around the moon, which is more reliable for orientation. Polarization sensitivity ratios in two photoreceptors in the dorsal eye were found to be 7.7 and 12.9, similar to values recorded in diurnal navigators. These results agree with earlier results suggesting that the detection and analysis of polarized skylight is similar in diurnal and nocturnal insects.},
	keywords = {beetles, compass, compound eye, crickets, dorsal rim area, Dung, dung beetle, light, moon, orientation, pattern, polarization, sandhoppers, Scarabaeus zambesianus, sensitivity, skylight polarization patterns, vision},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000189028500005},
	author = {Dacke, M. and Byrne, M. J. and Scholtz, C. H. and Warrant, E. J.}
}
@article {1549,
	title = {Discontinuous gas exchange in dung beetles: patterns and ecological implications},
	journal = {Oecologia},
	volume = {122},
	number = {4},
	year = {2000},
	note = {Times Cited: 11Cited Reference Count: 40Cited References:      BARTHOLOMEW GA, 1985, J COMP PHYSIOL B, V155, P155     BERNON G, 1981, THESIS U BOWLING GRE     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P22     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P36     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P51     CHOWN SL, 1995, FUNCT ECOL, V9, P30     DAVIS ALV, 1995, ACTA OECOL, V16, P641     DAVIS ALV, 1996, AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON, V58, P157     DOUBE BM, 1990, B ENTOMOL RES, V80, P259     DOUBE BM, 1983, B ENTOMOL RES, V73, P357     DOUBE BM, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P133     DUNCAN FD, 1997, PHYSIOL ENTOMOL, V22, P310     DUNCAN FD, 1993, PHYSIOL ENTOMOL, V18, P372     FERREIRA MC, 1972, REV ENT MOCAM, V11, P5     HADLEY NF, 1994, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V67, P175     HEINRICH B, 1979, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V52, P489     HOLTER P, 1991, PEDOBIOLOGIA, V35, P281     KESTLER A, 1985, ENV PHYSL BIOCH INSE, P137     KLOK CJ, 1994, THESIS U PRETORIA     LIGHTON JRB, 1996, ANNU REV ENTOMOL, V41, P309     LIGHTON JRB, 1991, CONCISE ENCY BIOL BI, P201     LIGHTON JRB, 1993, J COMP PHYSIOL B, V163, P11     LIGHTON JRB, 1995, J EXP BIOL, V198, P521     LIGHTON JRB, 1995, J EXP BIOL, V198, P1613     LIGHTON JRB, 1992, J EXP BIOL, V173, P289     LIGHTON JRB, 1991, J EXP BIOL, V159, P249     LIGHTON JRB, 1990, J EXP BIOL, V151, P71     LIGHTON JRB, 1988, J EXP BIOL, V134, P363     LIGHTON JRB, 1988, J INSECT PHYSL, V34, P361     LIGHTON JRB, 1994, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V67, P142     LIGHTON JRB, 1985, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V58, P390     MILLER PL, 1981, LOCOMOTION ENERGETIC, P367     OSBERG D, 1988, THESIS U WITWATERSRA     OSBERG DC, 1992, J ENTOMOL SOC S AFR, V55, P85     OSBERG DC, 1993, TROP ZOOL, V6, P243     PASCHALIDIS KM, 1974, THESIS RHODES U GRAH     SCHMIDTNIELSEN K, 1980, ANIMAL PHYSL ADAPTAT     SLAMA K, 1988, WOODS HOLE OCEANOGR, V175, P289     TRIBE GD, 1976, THESIS U NATAL PIETE     ZAR JH, 1984, BIOSTATISTICAL ANALEnglishArticle303YGOECOLOGIA},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {452-458},
	abstract = {This study correlates a distinctive pattern of external gas exchanger referred to as the discontinuous gas exchange cycle (DGC), observed in the laboratory, with habitat associations of five species of telecoprid dung beetles. The beetles were chosen from a variety of habitats that would be expected to present different amounts of water stress. All five species exhibited DGC. Sisyphus fasciculatus has been recorded only in woodland areas, and does not have strict spiracular control during its DGC. Anachalcos convexus and Scarabaeus rusticus are associated with open mesic habitats. Both species exhibit a distinct DGC, previously found in some other insect species, but intermediate within this study group. Sc. flavicornis and Circellium bacchus are typically found in arid regions, and have the most unusual form of DGC with spiracular fluttering during the burst phase. These results support the hypothesis that spiracular fluttering reduces respiratory water loss. From this study we conclude that the DGC is an ancestral adaptation. most probably as a result of anoxic environments in underground burrows, but that spiracular control is enhanced to reduce respiratory water lass in beetle species that live in arid habitats.},
	keywords = {ant, COLEOPTERA, discontinuous gas exchange cycle, formicidae, habitat association, hymenoptera, namib desert, respiration, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae, south-africa, telecoprid, tenebrionid beetles, terrestrial insects, ventilatory patterns},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000086455000002},
	author = {Duncan, F. D. and Byrne, M. J.}
}
