@article {1759,
	title = {The use of leaf-cutter ants, Atta laevigata (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), as a substrate for oviposition by the dung beetle Canthon virens Mannerheim (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Central Brazil},
	journal = {The Coleopterists Bulletin},
	volume = {52},
	number = {2},
	year = {1998},
	note = {June, 1998ArticleEnglish},
	pages = {105-108},
	abstract = {In the Cerrado region of Brazil, we observed dung beetles, Canthon virens Mannerheim, using leaf-cutter ants, Atta laevigata (Smith), as oviposition sites. Aggressive encounters occurred whereby the smaller dung beetles decapitated and then buried their much larger ant victims in a specialized sequence of behaviors. Known densities of a few Cerrado herbivorous mammals suggest that the availability of dung may be similar to other neotropical sites. We propose that C. virens may be an obligate, rather than facultative, predator of leaf-cutter ants.},
	keywords = {Animalia-, Arthropoda-, Atta-laevigata [leaf-cutter-ant] (Hymenoptera-): oviposition-ho, Behavior-, Coleoptera-: Insecta-, Environmental-Sciences), Hymenoptera-: Insecta-, Invertebrata-, Terrestrial-Ecology (Ecology-},
	author = {Hertel, Fritz and Colli, Guarino R.}
}
@article {1816,
	title = {Patterns of parental provisioning covary with male morphology in a horned beetle (Onthophagus taurus) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)},
	journal = {Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology},
	volume = {42},
	number = {6},
	year = {1998},
	note = {June, 1998ArticleEnglish},
	pages = {447-451},
	abstract = {Male dung beetles, Onthophagus taurus, are dimorphic for a secondary sexual trait, head horns. Horned males participate in the production of brood masses while hornless male do not. Here we examine the reproductive performance of females mated with males exhibiting alternative horn morphologies. We found that exposure to males may be costly for females in that it reduced the total number of brood masses produced. However, females paired with horned males produced significantly larger brood masses than females paired with hornless males or females producing broods alone. We discuss the possible selection pressures that may underly horn evolution in this genus.},
	keywords = {Animalia-, Animals-, Arthropoda-, Arthropods-, Coleoptera-: Insecta-, Insects-, Invertebrata-, Invertebrates-, male-, male-dimorphism, morphology-, Onthophagus-taurus [horned-beetle] (Coleoptera-): female-, parental-care-patter, Reproduction-},
	author = {Hunt, John and Simmons, Leigh W.}
}
@article {1593,
	title = {Dung and carrion beetles in tropical rain forest fragments and agricultural habitats at Los Tuxtlas, Mexico},
	journal = {Journal of Tropical Ecology},
	volume = {14},
	number = {5},
	year = {1998},
	note = {Sept., 1998ArticleEnglish},
	pages = {577-593},
	abstract = {At Los Tuxtlas, Mexico, presence of dung and carrion beetles, were sampled using baited pitfall traps, at the following habitats: isolated forest fragments, forest edges, plantations (coffee, cacao, mixed, citrus and allspice), live fences and pastures. A total of 14,269 beetles representing 36 species were captured. Onthophagus batesi, Canthon femoralis, Canthidium centrale, Copris laeviceps, O. rhinolophus and Deltochilium pseudoparile accounted for 75\% of the captures in the overall sample from 79 sites. Across forest fragments capture rates of species and individuals were associated positively to area and negatively to isolating distance. Rarefaction analysis showed that forest fragments were the most species-rich habitats followed by the mixed and cacao plantations, the forest edge, live fences and coffee, citrus and allspice plantations. Pastures were the least species-rich habitat. Horizontal and vertical diversity of the vegetation at the habitats studied influenced the species richness of dung and carrion beetles and the number of species in common between forest fragments and human-made habitats. A significant relationship existed between the number of non-flying mammals recorded at the study sites and the richness of species and individuals of dung beetles at the habitats investigated. The relevance of this information is discussed in the light of the ecological flexibility of dung and carrion beetle species and of possible conservation scenarios involving landscapes in which isolation of forest fragments is reduced by the presence in open areas of human-made vegetation such as plantations of cacao, coffee, cacao and coffee and live fences.},
	keywords = {Animalia-, Arthropoda-, beetle- (Coleoptera-): carrion-, Canthidium-centrale (Coleoptera-), Canthon-femoralis (Coleoptera-), Coleoptera-: Insecta-, Copris-laeviceps (Coleoptera-, dung-, Environmental-Sciences), Invertebrata-, Terrestrial-Ecology (Ecology-},
	author = {Estrada, Alejandro and Coates-Estrada, Rosamond and Dadda, Alberto Anzures and Cammarano, Pierluigi}
}
@article {2044,
	title = {Invasion of Mexico by two dung beetles previously introduced into the United States},
	journal = {Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment},
	volume = {33},
	number = {1},
	year = {1998},
	note = {Using Smart Source ParsingArticleEnglish},
	pages = {37-45},
	abstract = {Following the Australian CSIRO strategies, the United States Department of Agriculture introduced several dung beetle species as a biological control to decrease the dung accumulation and proliferation of different pest fly species therein. Of these, two species have been very successful: Digitonthophagus gazella and Euoniticellus intermedius. They have expanded from their release sites in the United States, and quickly invaded Mexican territory and dispersed rapidly. Here we report on 27 new capture sites in several Mexican states from 1994 to 1996 and discuss invasion routes as well as ecological conditions.},
	keywords = {Animalia-, Arthropoda-, Coleoptera-: Insecta-, Digitonthophagus-gazella (Coleoptera-): Scaraca, Diptera-: Insecta-, Economic-Entomology, flies- (Diptera-): pest-, Invertebrata-, Pest-Assessment-Control-and-Management},
	author = {Montes de Oca, Enrique and Halffter, Gonzalo}
}
@article {2182,
	title = {Male participation in nest building in the dung beetle Scarabaeus catenatus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): Mating effort versus paternal effort},
	journal = {Journal of Insect Behavior.},
	volume = {11},
	number = {6},
	year = {1998},
	note = {Using Smart Source ParsingArticleEnglish},
	pages = {833-843},
	abstract = {The dung beetle, Scarabaeus catenatus, shows not only the rolling but also the tunneling tactic for nest building with bisexual cooperation. Sex roles, however, differed between the tactics. In rolling, the male took in initiative like that of ball-roller species: he rolled a dung ball away and buried it. In tunneling, in contrast, the male usually had a secondary role like that of tunnelers: he was less active in burrow excavation and provisioning. Regardless of the tactics, male participation did not increase female reproductive output measured by the number or size of brood balls in the field, but seemed to function as mate guarding against conspecific males. This suggests that, in both tactics, the male S. catenatus invests primarily in mating effort compared with paternal effort. The relative importance of mating effort in male participation seems to hold true in other dung beetles, irrespective of whether they are ball-roller or tunneler species. In addition, the male matingstrategy of S. catenatus is compared with that of other ball-rollers.},
	keywords = {Animalia-, Animals-, Arthropoda-, Arthropods-, Behavior-, Coleoptera-: Insecta-, dung-rolling, Insects-, Invertebrata-, Invertebrates-, male-, male-participation, mating-effort, nes, nest-building, Scarabaeus-catenatus [dung-beetle] (Coleoptera-): female-},
	author = {Sato, Hiroaki}
}
