@article {1326,
	title = {Impact of the activity of dung beetles (Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae : Scarabaeinae) inhabiting pasture land in Durango, Mexico},
	journal = {Environmental Entomology},
	volume = {33},
	number = {5},
	year = {2004},
	note = {digital copyhave copy},
	month = {Oct},
	pages = {1306-1312},
	abstract = {In this study, I analyzed the diversity of the dung beetle community (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) in relation to its bovine dung-removal efficiency in a cattle ranch with a load of 250 animals currently under holistic resource management. A total of 3,430 individuals of 8 Scarabaeinae species was collected, of which 5 species are abundant in the area: Euoniticellus intermedius (Reiche), Digitonthophagus gazella (Fabricius), Onthophagus mexicanus Bates, O. knulli Howden and Cartwright, and Canthon humectus (Say). Of these 5 species, E. intermedius, D. gazella, and C. humectus were dominant in terms of abundance and biomass. Cattle dung pats were exploited mostly within the first 48 h after deposition. The activity and abundance of dung beetles recorded in the study were insufficient to remove the amount of fresh dung deposited in cattle pastureland.},
	keywords = {assemblages, baited pitfall traps, cattle, diversity, dung beetle, Dung beetles, Durango, ecological function, ecosystem service, ecosystems, holistic resource management, insects, larvae, scarabaeoidea col communities},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000224606000022},
	author = {Sofia Anduaga}
}
@article {1406,
	title = {Visual cues used by ball-rolling dung beetles for orientation},
	journal = {Journal of Comparative Physiology a-Neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology},
	volume = {189},
	number = {6},
	year = {2003},
	note = {Times Cited: 3Cited Reference Count: 27Cited References:      BARTHOLOMEW GA, 1978, J EXP BIOL, V73, P65     BERNON G, 1981, THESIS U BOWLING GRE     BRANDON SGF, 1985, ILLUSTRATED ENCY MYT, P2488     BURKOW G, 1953, NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN, V2     CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY     CAMPAN R, 1997, ORIENTATION COMMUNIC     COLLETT M, 2000, BIOL CYBERN, V83, P245     COLLETT TS, 2000, CURR OPIN NEUROBIOL, V10, P757     FRAENKEL GS, 1961, ORIENTATION ANIMALS     FRANTSEVICH L, 1977, J COMP PHYSIOL A, V121, P253     GEISLER M, 1961, Z TIERPSYCHOL, V18, P389     HEINRICH B, 1979, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V52, P489     LEHRER M, 1996, J EXP BIOL, V199, P253     LEHRER M, 1997, ORIENTATION COMMUNIC     LEHRER M, 1998, J EXP BIOL, V201, P3275     MATTHEWS EG, 1963, PSYCHE, V70, P75     PARDI L, 1953, Z VERGL PHYSIOL, V35, P459     SATO H, 1987, ECOL ENTOMOL, V12, P415     SRINIVASAN MV, 1999, VISION RES, V39, P2749     TOMKINS JL, 1999, J ZOOL 4, V248, P483     TRIBE GD, 1975, S AFR J SCI, V71, P277     UGOLINI A, 1993, ETHOL ECOL EVOL, V5, P489     VONFRISCH K, 1967, DANCE LANGUAGE ORIEN     WATERMAN TH, 1989, ANIMAL NAVIGATION     WEHNER R, 1984, ANNU REV ENTOMOL, V29, P277     YBARRONDO BA, 1996, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V69, P35     ZAR JH, 1996, BIOSTATISTICAL ANALEnglishArticleJ COMP PHYSIOL A698TV},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {411-418},
	abstract = {Ball rolling by dung beetles is considered to be a derived behaviour that evolved under pressure for space, and from competitors at the dung pat. Straight-line orientation away from the pat using a celestial cue should be the most successful rolling strategy to move dung to an unknown burial site. We tested this hypothesis in the field and the laboratory by presenting five species of ball-rolling beetles with different orientation tasks, involving reaction to obstacles as well as to reflected sunlight and artificial light sources. Beetles were found to consistently orientate along a chosen route, usually in the direction of the sun. Beetles rolling dung balls successfully negotiated barriers and returned to the original path as did beetles falling from ramps, or rotated about a fixed point while rolling a ball. The sun was found to be the main orientation cue, which could be substituted by reflected or artificial light. However, beetles reoriented themselves less accurately in response to lights in the laboratory, than they did to the reflected sun in the field. It is probable that phototactic orientation using the sun, which is widespread amongst arthropods, has been incorporated in the straight-line foraging behaviour that has evolved in ball-rolling dung beetles.},
	keywords = {celestial cue, foraging, insects, kheper nigroaeneus coleoptera, navigation, path integration, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae, visual orientation},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000184015600002},
	author = {Byrne, M. and Dacke, M. and Nordstrom, P. and Scholtz, C. and Warrant, E.}
}
@article {1463,
	title = {Reproduction and survival of the dung beetle Onthophagus binodis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) exposed to abamectin and doramectin residues in cattle dung},
	journal = {Environmental Entomology},
	volume = {29},
	number = {6},
	year = {2000},
	note = {digital copy disease ecology, parasite transmission, scarbaeinae, ecological function},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {1116-1122},
	abstract = {Two groups of 50 heifers were given a subcutaneous injection of either abamectin (Avomec) or doramectin (Dectomax) at a dose rate of 200 mug/kg live weight. A third group of 50 heifers remained untreated. Dung samples were collected on 1, 3, 6, 9, 18, 24, 34, and 42 d after injection, and excreted residues were bioassayed using the dung beetle Onthophagus binodis Thunberg. Fewer newly emerged adults of O. binodis survived exposure to dung from cattle treated 3 and 6 d previously with abamectin or 9 d previously with doramectin than from dung of untreated cattle. Both compounds induced a range of sublethal effects on O. binodis. Abamectin residues excreted in dung up to 42 d after injection had a deleterious impact on ovarian condition, brood mass (egg) production, and lan al survival. Doramectin residues only had a deleterious effect on these parameters at 3 and 6 d after injection relative to dung from control cattle. Analysis of the dung collected at each date after injection indicated that moisture content, pH, and percent nitrogen were not different from other physicochemical profiles conducted on cattle dung. Doramectin residues attained maximal concentrations of 101.1 mug/kg 3 d after injection followed by a linear decline with an elimination half-life estimate of 15 d. The bioassay data indicated that doramectin concentrations of <60 <mu>g/kg have minimal impact on the mortality and reproductive potential of O. binodis and that deleterious effects to this species will be evident for only 1-2 wk after administration of the drug to cattle. The potential ecotoxic effects of these compounds are discussed in terms of dung beetle activity and strategies for parasite control of cattle in the Australian environment.},
	keywords = {ANTIPARASITIC DRUG IVERMECTIN, avermectin, AVERMECTIN RESIDUES, burial, doramectin, dung beetle, ecotoxicity, FAUNA dung beetle, FIELD, HORSES, impact, insects, PHARMACOKINETICS, TREATING CATTLE},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000166389300004 },
	author = {Dadour, I. R. and Cook, D. F. and Hennessy, D.}
}
@article {1471,
	title = {Species richness of dung-feeding beetles (Coleoptera: Aphodiidae, Scarabaeidae, Hybosoridae) in tropical rainforest at Danum Valley, Sabah, Malaysia},
	journal = {The Coleopterists Bulletin},
	volume = {54},
	number = {2},
	year = {2000},
	note = {340ZJCOLEOPTS BULL},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {221-231},
	abstract = {This paper records the species richness and composition of the dung-feeding fauna within the Danum Valley Conservation Area in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. Comparisons are made with other rainforest sites in the Neotropics, Africa, Asia and Australia. To date, ninety-seven rainforest dung beetle species have been identified from Danum samples, making this the most species- rich rainforest site yet recorded. Reasons for the high species richness measure are examined, including the comprehensive nature of the trapping programme, utilizing both baited pitfall and flight intercept traps, the resource diversity and abundance at Danum, and the presence of a rich vertebrate fauna. Comments are made on the effectiveness of the trapping programme, and the implications of these results for the measurement of species richness and diversity of other arthropod groups in tropical rainforest.},
	keywords = {abundance, communities, dynamics, insects, rain-forest},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000088566300005},
	author = {Davis, A. J.}
}
@article {1498,
	title = {Discontinuous gas-exchange cycles in Scarabaeus dung beetles (Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae): Mass-scaling and temperature dependence},
	journal = {Physiological and Biochemical Zoology},
	volume = {72},
	number = {5},
	year = {1999},
	note = {Times Cited: 15Cited Reference Count: 38Cited References:      BUCK J, 1955, BIOL BULL, V109, P144     COSSINS AR, 1987, TEMPERATURE BIOL ANI     DUNCAN FD, 1997, PHYSIOL ENTOMOL, V22, P310     EDWARDS PB, 1988, OECOLOGIA, V75, P527     HACK MA, 1997, PHYSIOL ENTOMOL, V22, P325     HADLEY NF, 1993, J EXP BIOL, V177, P169     HAMILTON AG, 1964, P ROY SOC LOND B BIO, V160, P373     KANWISHER JW, 1966, BIOL BULL, V130, P96     KESTLER P, 1985, ENV PHYSL BIOCH INSE, P137     LEVY RI, 1966, J INSECT PHYSL, V12, P83     LEVY RI, 1966, J INSECT PHYSL, V12, P105     LIGHTON JRB, 1996, ANNU REV ENTOMOL, V41, P309     LIGHTON JRB, 1993, J COMP PHYSIOL B, V163, P11     LIGHTON JRB, 1995, J EXP BIOL, V198, P521     LIGHTON JRB, 1995, J EXP BIOL, V198, P1613     LIGHTON JRB, 1993, J EXP BIOL, V180, P229     LIGHTON JRB, 1993, J EXP BIOL, V179, P233     LIGHTON JRB, 1992, J EXP BIOL, V173, P289     LIGHTON JRB, 1991, J EXP BIOL, V159, P249     LIGHTON JRB, 1990, J EXP BIOL, V154, P509     LIGHTON JRB, 1990, J EXP BIOL, V151, P71     LIGHTON JRB, 1988, J EXP BIOL, V134, P363     LIGHTON JRB, 1996, J INSECT PHYSIOL, V42, P347     LIGHTON JRB, 1988, J INSECT PHYSL, V34, P361     LIGHTON JRB, 1995, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V68, P43     LIGHTON JRB, 1994, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V67, P142     LIGHTON JRB, 1985, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V58, P390     LOUW GN, 1986, J EXP BIOL, V120, P443     MILLER PL, 1974, PHYSL INSECTA, V4, P345     PETERS RH, 1983, ECOLOGICAL IMPLICATI     PUNT A, 1956, MULL PHYSL COMP OECO, V4, P132     PUNT A, 1950, PHYSL COMP OECOL, V2, P59     QUINLAN MC, 1993, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V66, P628     SCHMIDTNIELSEN K, 1997, ANIMAL PHYSL ADAPTAT     SCHNEIDERMAN HA, 1955, BIOL BULL, V109, P123     SOKAL RR, 1995, BIOMETRY PRINCIPLES     WASSERTHAL LT, 1996, ADV INSECT PHYSIOL, V26, P297     WILKINS MB, 1960, NATURE, V185, P481EnglishArticle263MHPHYSIOL BIOCHEM ZOOL},
	month = {Sep-Oct},
	pages = {555-565},
	abstract = {Although discontinuous gas exchange cycles (DGC) are known from many insects, the effects of body size and temperature on DGC have not been widely examined. Here, these effects are investigated in five Scarabaeus dung beetle species from mesic and xeric habitats. The investigation tests two hypotheses: that previous estimates of the scaling exponents for the DGC and its characteristics are more broadly applicable to insects, and that, in response to temperature, both DGC frequency and the quantity of CO2 emitted during the open (O) phase (O-phase emission volume) are modulated. Like previous workers, we find that (V) over dot (CO2) scaled as mass(0.968) and that O-phase emission volume scaled as mass(0.968) . However, temperature- associated increases in (V) over dot (CO2) (Q(10){\textquoteright}s of 2.19- 2.65) were modulated mostly by increases in DGC frequency since O-phase volumes remained constant across temperature. Flutter (F)-phase and O-phase durations were closely coupled to DGC duration, although the relationship between closed (C)-phase duration and DGC duration was less pronounced. We show that ventilation phase coefficients, previously considered a measure of the proportional duration of each phase of the DGC, calculated from the slopes of these relationships are a measure of change in phase duration with change in DGC duration and not a measure of the way in which total DGC duration is apportioned among phases. We suggest that proportions be used to estimate the contribution of each of the phases to the total duration of the DGC.},
	keywords = {ant, emission, formicidae, hymenoptera, insects, metabolism, respiratory transpiration, ventilatory patterns, water-loss},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000084128100005},
	author = {Davis, A. L. V. and Chown, S. L. and Scholtz, C. H.}
}
@article {1529,
	title = {Areas of endemism of the Patagonian steppe: an approach based on insect distributional patterns using endemicity analysis},
	journal = {Journal of Biogeography},
	volume = {33},
	number = {1527-1537},
	year = {2006},
	keywords = {Areas of endemism, distributional patterns, endemicity analysis, historical biogeography, insects, Patagonia, southern South America, steppe},
	author = {Dominguez, M. Cecilia and Roig-Junent, Sergio and Tassin, Juan Jose and Ocampo, Federico C. and Flores, Gustavo E.}
}
@article {1548,
	title = {The role of the subelytral cavity in water loss in the flightless dung beetle, Circellium bacchus (Coleoptera : Scarabaeinae)},
	journal = {European Journal Of Entomology},
	volume = {99},
	number = {2},
	year = {2002},
	note = {digital copy},
	pages = {253-258},
	abstract = {Circellium bacchus is a flightless telecoprid (ball-rolling) dung beetle, endemic to the afrotropical region, where it is found in a few restricted populations in the eastern Cape of South Africa. Its apterous condition and large size (mass ranges from 6 to 12 g) are considered to be adaptations to a semi-arid habitat. This beetle is active in the sun for long periods, walking between widely scattered dung pats, thus is under selection pressure to reduce water loss. C bacchus has eight spiracles on each side of the body. The metathoracic spiracle and six abdominal spiracles open into the sub-elytral cavity, which is closed. The mesothoracic spiracle is the largest and most exposed, occurring ventrally in the membrane connecting the prothorax and mesothorax. When at rest a cyclic form of respiration, known as discontinuous gas exchange cycle, is used by C. bacchus, releasing a burst of carbon dioxide approximately once an hour when the spiracles open for about 33 minutes. Flow-through respirometry was used to measure water loss from the thorax (being the head, prothorax and mesothorax) and elytral case (containing the metathorax and abdomen) separately. The total water loss of C. bacchus could be divided up as 65\% cuticular water loss from the thorax, 35\% cuticular water loss from the elytral case, 4\% respiratory water loss from the thorax and no measurable respiratory water loss from the elytral case. 1.51 mug of water is lost for every mul of CO2 emitted during respiration in the thorax. Thus, the main avenue for both respiration and respiratory water loss is via the mesothoracic spiracles, suggesting that the primary function of the subelytral cavity is not to reduce respiratory water loss.},
	keywords = {Circellium bacchus, desert tenebrionid beetles, discontinuous gas exchange cycle, Discontinuous gas-exchange, dung beetle, insects, patterns, physiology, respiration, Scarabaeidae, subelytral cavity, terrestrial, trait information, ventilation, water loss},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000177174200016 },
	author = {Duncan, F. D.}
}
@article {1707,
	title = {Patrones de diversidad de grupos selectos de insectos en el bosque Chiquitano y pampas del cerrado de Santiago y Tucavaca, Santa Cruz, Bolivia},
	journal = {Revista Boliviana de Ecologia y Conservacion Ambiental},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {37-46},
	abstract = {As part of a biological survey of Eastern Santa Cruz, four insect indicator groups (dung beetles, Scarabaeidae; tiger beetles, Cicindelidae; tabanid dipterans, Tabanidae; and diurnal butterf l i e s , Rhopalocera) were assessed at different sites and habitats in the Serranía de Santiago and in the Valle de Tucavaca. Using four trap types, 14 211 insect specimens, belonging to 102 dung beetle species, 18 tiger beetle species, 16 tabanid species, and 83 butterfly species were collected and classified during 21 sampling days. Among the five habitats that were sampled, the semi-deciduous Chiquitano forest and the riverine forest showed higher species richness of dung beetles and butterflies than the Cerrado savannas and other habitats. Some taxa of dung beetles and butterflies were classified as habitat specialists, while fewer ones were classified as generalists. Preliminary data suggest that regional diversity depends more on movement of species between sites than on species richness of different habitats at each site. We discuss the limitations of this study and present recommendations for future surveys. },
	keywords = {Bolivia, Chiquitano forest, diversity, indicator species, insects},
	author = {Gutierrez, Teresa and Rumiz, Damian}
}
@article {1744,
	title = {Resource partitioning in six guilds of dung-inhabiting beetles (Coleoptera)},
	journal = {Annales Entomologici Fennici},
	volume = {45},
	number = {1},
	year = {1979},
	note = {Using Smart Source ParsingillustrArticle},
	pages = {1-12},
	keywords = {arthropods, Coleopterans/Beetles, insects, Invertebrates},
	author = {Hanski, I. and Koskela, H.}
}
@inbook {1746,
	title = {Elevational distributions of dung and carrion beetles in northern Sulawesi},
	booktitle = {Insects and the rain forests of South East Asia},
	year = {1990},
	note = {Using Smart Source Parsing1 343. Chapter pagination: 145 152, illustrEnglishBook Chapter},
	pages = {145-152},
	keywords = {arthropods, Coleopterans/Beetles, insects, Invertebrates},
	author = {Hanski, I. and Niemela, J.},
	editor = {Knight, W. J. and Holloway, J. D.}
}
@article {1859,
	title = {Effects of forest fragmentation on dung and carrion beetle communities in Central Amazonia},
	journal = {Ecology},
	volume = {70},
	number = {6},
	year = {1989},
	month = {December},
	pages = {1715-1725},
	keywords = {beetle communities, brazil, decomposition, forest fragments, insects, nutrient cycling, reserves, scavengers},
	author = {Klein, B. C.}
}
@article {1936,
	title = {Searching for a predictive model for species richness of Iberian dung beetle based on spatial and environmental variables},
	journal = {Conservation Biology},
	volume = {16},
	number = {1},
	year = {2002},
	note = {digital copy},
	month = {Feb},
	pages = {158-173},
	abstract = {In Mediterranean countries, inventories of many animal groups particularly insects, are incomplete or nonexistent. Hence, a feasible spatial picture of unequally surveyed areas is required to ascertain which faunistic surveys are good enough to produce reliable estimates of species richness. We used generalized linear models to build a multiple-regression function through which we predicted the distribution of Iberian dung beetle species richness. Given the scarcity and unevenness of the species-richness spatial distribution, the number of records of a dung beetle database (BANDASCA), falling within each of the 50 x 50 km grid squares, was chosen as a measure of the sampling effort for that square. Examining the asymptotic relationship between the number of dung-beetle species and database records for each physioclimatic Iberian subregion, we found that 82 grid squares (32\% of the total) were adequately sampled. Dung-beetle species richness was related in each of these 82 cells to 24 explanatory variables. Curvilinear functions, interaction terms, and the significant third-degree polynomial terms of latitude and longitude were included to model species-richness distribution. The final model accounted for 62.4\% of the total deviance after we eliminated seven outlier squares, with maximum elevation, grassland area, land-use diversity, forest area, geological diversity, interaction of terrestrial area and maximum elevation, and interaction between calcareous rock, and geological diversity and latitude being the most significant independent variables. The residuals of the function were not spatially autocorrelated, and we validated the final model by a jackknife procedure. Large and environmentally complex hotspots in the Iberian Central, Baetic, and Subbaetic mountain ranges stand out from the emerging map of species richness. Further detailed research is required to determine the complementarity of the faunas of these two main hotspots, the key question in conservation planning for a dung-feeding beetle.},
	keywords = {Africa, atlas, autocorrelation, biodiversity, butterflies, communities, conservation, insects, patterns, plants},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000173726400016},
	author = {Lobo, J. M. and Martin-Piera, F.}
}
