@article {1302,
	title = {Dung preference of the dung beetle Scarabaeus cristatus Fab (Coleoptera-Scarabaeidae) from Kuwait},
	journal = {Journal Of Arid Environments},
	volume = {35},
	number = {3},
	year = {1997},
	note = {digital copy},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {511-516},
	abstract = {Adult dung beetles, Scarabaeus cristatus, consume the fluid components of dung and bury whole dung as food for their larvae. When dung from three herbivorous animals, horse, camel and sheep, was offered, the beetles preferred the more fluid horse dung to the others. Sheep dung was preferred to the camel dung. The dung of two carnivores, dog and fox, was also accepted but to a lesser extent than the herbivore dung.},
	keywords = {Dung, dung beetle, Kuwait, Scarabaeus cristatus},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1997WQ58300012 },
	author = {Al-Houty, Wasmia and Al-Musalam, Faten}
}
@article {1460,
	title = {Lunar orientation in a beetle},
	journal = {Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences},
	volume = {271},
	number = {1537},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Times Cited: 2Cited Reference Count: 39Cited References:      ABLE KP, 1980, ANIMAL MIGRATION ORI, P283     ABLE KP, 1989, J EXP BIOL, V141, P241     BAKER RR, 1987, ANIM BEHAV, V35, P94     BATSCHELET E, 1981, CIRCULAR STAT BIOL     BISCH SM, 1999, THESIS RHEINISCHEN F     BLUM M, 2000, J COMP PHYSIOL A, V186, P119     BRINES ML, 1982, J EXP BIOL, V96, P69     BYRNE M, 2003, J COMP PHYSIOL A, V189, P411     DACKE M, 1999, NATURE, V401, P470     DACKE M, 2002, J COMP PHYSIOL A, V188, P211     DACKE M, 2003, J EXP BIOL, V206, P1535     DACKE M, 2003, NATURE, V424, P33     FERGUSON DE, 1965, COPEIA, V1, P58     FREAKE MJ, 1999, J EXP BIOL, V202, P1159     GAL J, 2001, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V106, P22647     HERZMANN D, 1989, J COMP PHYSIOL A, V165, P315     JANDER R, 1957, Z VERGL PHYSIOL, V40, P162     KERFOOT WB, 1967, ANIM BEHAV, V15, P479     LABHART T, 1980, J COMP PHYSL, V141, P19     LABHART T, 1986, J COMP PHYSIOL A, V158, P1     LABHART T, 1999, MICROSC RES TECHNIQ, V47, P368     LABHART T, 2001, J EXP BIOL, V204, P2423     LEUTHOLD RH, 1976, BEHAV ECOL SOCIOBIOL, V1, P127     MCINTYRE P, 1998, J COMP PHYSIOL A, V183, P45     NILSSON DE, 1987, J COMP PHYSIOL A, V161, P645     PARDI L, 1954, Z TIERPSYCHOL, V11, P175     SNYDER AW, 1973, J COMP PHYSL, V83, P331     SOTTHIBANDHU S, 1979, ANIM BEHAV, V27, P786     STRUTT JW, 1871, PHILOS MAG, V41, P107     TONGIORGI P, 1970, B MUS NAT HIST NATUR, V41, P243     UGOLINI A, 1996, BEHAV PROCESS, V36, P151     UGOLINI A, 1999, J COMP PHYSIOL A, V184, P9     UGOLINI A, 1999, P ROY SOC LOND B BIO, V266, P749     UGOLINI A, 2003, P ROY SOC LOND B BIO, V270, P279     WATERMAN TH, 1981, HDB SENSORY PHYSL, V7, P281     WEHNER R, 1975, J COMP PHYSL, V104, P225     WEHNER R, 1984, ANNU REV ENTOMOL, V29, P277     WEHNER R, 1989, J EXP BIOL, V146, P63     WEHNER R, 1994, FORTSCHR ZOOL, V39, P103EnglishArticlePROC ROY SOC LONDON SER B775EV},
	month = {Feb 22},
	pages = {361-365},
	abstract = {Many animals use the sun{\textquoteright}s polarization pattern to orientate, but the dung beetle Scarabaeus zambesianus is the only animal so far known to orientate using the million times dimmer polarization pattern of the moonlit sky. We demonstrate the relative roles of the moon and the nocturnal polarized-light pattern for orientation. We find that artificially changing the position of the moon, or hiding the moon{\textquoteright}s disc from the beetle{\textquoteright}s field of view, generally did not influence its orientation performance. We thus conclude that the moon does not serve as the primary cue for orientation. The effective cue is the polarization pattern formed around the moon, which is more reliable for orientation. Polarization sensitivity ratios in two photoreceptors in the dorsal eye were found to be 7.7 and 12.9, similar to values recorded in diurnal navigators. These results agree with earlier results suggesting that the detection and analysis of polarized skylight is similar in diurnal and nocturnal insects.},
	keywords = {beetles, compass, compound eye, crickets, dorsal rim area, Dung, dung beetle, light, moon, orientation, pattern, polarization, sandhoppers, Scarabaeus zambesianus, sensitivity, skylight polarization patterns, vision},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000189028500005},
	author = {Dacke, M. and Byrne, M. J. and Scholtz, C. H. and Warrant, E. J.}
}
@article {1500,
	title = {Effect of deforestation on a southwest Ghana dung beetle assemblage (Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae) at the periphery of Ankasa conservation area},
	journal = {Environmental Entomology},
	volume = {34},
	number = {5},
	year = {2005},
	month = {Oct},
	pages = {1081-1088},
	abstract = {During June 2003, an exploratory dung beetle survey (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) was conducted in southwest Ghana at the southern edge of Ankasa Conservation Area, which is a 500-km(2) conserved region of the threatened Eastern Upper Guinean rainforest. The survey provided a quantitative assessment of peripheral deforestation effects and an inventory for species on omnivore dung. Pitfall traps baited with pig dung were placed in both selectively logged and unlogged rainforest as well as in nearby oil palm and cacao plantations. The Ankasa forest inventory was mostly comprised of species previously trapped by human dung in the Western Upper Guinean rainforest of TO National Park, Cote d{\textquoteright}Ivoire. However, there was relatively low species abundance similarity between the June/July assemblages on omnivore dung in Tai and Ankasa rainforests, and even lower similarity between assemblages of Ankasa and the adjacent plantations. Of 29 species recorded in Ankasa forest, most were absent or rare in plantations where assemblages were numerically dominated by species previously recorded from the West African savannas. This replacement plantation fauna showed significantly lower species richness and diversity, but significantly higher abundance, compared with Ankasa forest assemblages. The results reiterate that forest reserves are essential for the conservation of specialist rainforest dung beetle species.},
	keywords = {deforestation, Dung, dung beetle, Ghana, modification, plantation, rainforest, scarabaeinae (biological conservation 2007)},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000232405800014 },
	author = {Davis, A. L. V. and Philips, T. K.}
}
@inbook {1730,
	title = {Nutritional ecology of dung and carrion feeding insects},
	booktitle = {Nutritional Ecology of Insects, Mites and Spiders},
	year = {1987},
	note = {need book},
	pages = {837-884},
	publisher = {Wiley},
	organization = {Wiley},
	address = {New York},
	keywords = {Dung, dung beetle, feces, feeding, food, resources mammals},
	author = {Hanski, I.},
	editor = {Slanky, Jr. F and Rodriguez, J. G}
}
@article {1916,
	title = {Amounts of dung buried and soil excavated by certain Coprini (Scarabaeidae)},
	journal = {Kansas Entomological Society},
	volume = {6},
	number = {4},
	year = {1933},
	note = {have copy and digital copy (low quality)some observations of his- that 2 Dichotomius carolinus could remove nearly an entire cow pie, that they avoided horse dung. they were very seasonally active- appeared in may and disappeared in october. a single beetle could move between 6.2 and 126.8 grams of manure into their burrow, 11-57 cm deep. removal of between 96.4 and 1220.9g. gives stats of amount of dung removed and soil moved by a few different species. Dung beetle pairs do more (in varying ratios) than single beetles. this paper points to seasonal variation in the depth and distance from the dung pat of tunnels made by D. carolinus, Copris tullis and Phanaeus. these tunnels were all differetly shaped, lacking in branches and pockets and stored manure, all at least twice as deep as others, and may represent their overwintering tunnels},
	pages = {109-125},
	keywords = {annotated, Dung, dung beetle, ecological function, ecosystem service, fertilization, nitrogen, soil},
	author = {Lindquist, Arthur}
}
@article {1597,
	title = {Further record and observations of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) at carnivore dung in eastern Australia},
	journal = {Victorian Entomologist },
	volume = {24},
	number = {3},
	year = {1994},
	note = {need copy},
	pages = {63{\textendash}67},
	keywords = {carnivore, Dung, dung beetle, food resources, mammal, mammals},
	author = {Faithfull, I}
}
@article {1670,
	title = {Dung Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Geotrupidae) Attracted to Fresh Cattle Dung in Wooded and Open Pasture},
	journal = {Community and Ecosystem Ecology},
	volume = {24},
	number = {5},
	year = {1995},
	note = {have copy},
	pages = {1063-1068},
	keywords = {cattle dung, Dung, dung beetle, ecology, habitat change mammals},
	author = {Galante, E. and Mena, Javier and Lumbreras, Carlos J.}
}
@article {2058,
	title = {Beetle fauna associated with scats of Brown bear (Ursos arctos) from Trysil, South Norway},
	journal = {Norwegian Journal of Entomology},
	volume = {23},
	year = {1976},
	note = {need copu},
	pages = {1-5},
	keywords = {carnivore, Dung, dung beetle, food resources mammals, mammal, Scarabaeinae},
	author = {Mysterud, I. , Wiger, R. , 1976. Beetle fauna associated with scats of and Brown bear (Ursus arctos) from Trysil, South Norway 1974. and Norwegian Journal of Entomology 23, 1{\textendash}5.}
}
@article {2136,
	title = {The effects of seasonal changes in cattle dung on egg production by two species of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarbaeidae) in south-western Australia},
	journal = {Bulletin of Entomological Research},
	volume = {76},
	year = {1986},
	note = {have copy},
	pages = {63-68},
	keywords = {Australia, Dung, dung beetle, ecosystem services, egg development, egg production, flies, function, Seasonality},
	author = {Ridsdill-Smith, T. J.}
}
@article {2192,
	title = {Arthropods associated with bovine and equine dung in an ungrazedChihuahuan desert ecosystem},
	journal = {Annals of the Entomological Society of America},
	volume = {76},
	year = {1983},
	note = {have copy of book},
	pages = {790-796},
	keywords = {Dung, dung beetle, food, mammals mammals, resources},
	author = {Schoenly, K}
}
@article {2273,
	title = {Behavioral and morphological adaptations for a low-quality resource in semi-arid environments: dung beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea) associated with the European rabbit (Oryctolagu cuniculus L.)},
	journal = {Journal of Natural History},
	volume = {38},
	number = {6},
	year = {2004},
	note = {digital and hard},
	pages = {705-715},
	keywords = {adaptation, arid ecosystem, Dung, dung beetle, endemism, mediterranean mammals, nesting behaviour, nesting pattern, rabbit},
	author = {Verdu, Jose and Galante, E.}
}
@article {1296,
	title = {Dung preference of the dung beetle Scarabaeus cristatus Fab (Coleoptera-Scarabaeidae) from Kuwait},
	journal = {Journal Of Arid Environments},
	volume = {35},
	number = {3},
	year = {1997},
	note = {digital copy},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {511-516},
	abstract = {Adult dung beetles, Scarabaeus cristatus, consume the fluid components of dung and bury whole dung as food for their larvae. When dung from three herbivorous animals, horse, camel and sheep, was offered, the beetles preferred the more fluid horse dung to the others. Sheep dung was preferred to the camel dung. The dung of two carnivores, dog and fox, was also accepted but to a lesser extent than the herbivore dung.},
	keywords = {Dung, dung beetle, Kuwait, Scarabaeus cristatus},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://A1997WQ58300012 },
	author = {Al-Houty, Wasmia and Al-Musalam, Faten}
}
