@article {1707,
	title = {Patrones de diversidad de grupos selectos de insectos en el bosque Chiquitano y pampas del cerrado de Santiago y Tucavaca, Santa Cruz, Bolivia},
	journal = {Revista Boliviana de Ecologia y Conservacion Ambiental},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {37-46},
	abstract = {As part of a biological survey of Eastern Santa Cruz, four insect indicator groups (dung beetles, Scarabaeidae; tiger beetles, Cicindelidae; tabanid dipterans, Tabanidae; and diurnal butterf l i e s , Rhopalocera) were assessed at different sites and habitats in the Serranía de Santiago and in the Valle de Tucavaca. Using four trap types, 14 211 insect specimens, belonging to 102 dung beetle species, 18 tiger beetle species, 16 tabanid species, and 83 butterfly species were collected and classified during 21 sampling days. Among the five habitats that were sampled, the semi-deciduous Chiquitano forest and the riverine forest showed higher species richness of dung beetles and butterflies than the Cerrado savannas and other habitats. Some taxa of dung beetles and butterflies were classified as habitat specialists, while fewer ones were classified as generalists. Preliminary data suggest that regional diversity depends more on movement of species between sites than on species richness of different habitats at each site. We discuss the limitations of this study and present recommendations for future surveys. },
	keywords = {Bolivia, Chiquitano forest, diversity, indicator species, insects},
	author = {Gutierrez, Teresa and Rumiz, Damian}
}
@article {1674,
	title = {The cost-effectiveness of biodiversity surveys in tropical forests},
	journal = {Ecology Letters},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {139-150},
	abstract = {The identification of high-performance indicator taxa that combine practical feasibility and ecological value requires an understanding of the costs and benefits of surveying different taxa. We present a generic and novel framework for identifying such taxa, and illustrate our approach using a large-scale assessment of 14 different higher taxa across three forest types in the Brazilian Amazon, estimating both the standardized survey cost and the ecological and biodiversity indicator value for each taxon. Survey costs varied by three orders of magnitude, and dung beetles and birds were identified as especially suitable for evaluating and monitoring the ecological consequences of habitat change in our study region. However, an exclusive focus on such taxa occurs at the expense of understanding patterns of diversity in other groups. To improve the cost-effectiveness of biodiversity research we encourage a combination of clearer research goals and the use of an objective evidence-based approach to selecting study taxa. },
	keywords = {biodiversity, cost-effectiveness, indicator species, sampling efficiency, Tropical forests},
	author = {Gardner, T. A. and Barlow, J. and Araujo, I. S. and Avila-Pires, T. C. and Bonaldo, A. B. and Costa, J. E. and Esposito, M. C. and Ferreira, L. V. and Hawes, J. and Hernandez, M. I. M. and Hoogmoed, M. S. and Leite, R. N. and Lo-Man-Hung, N. F. and Malcolm, J. R. and Martins, M. B. and Mestre, L. A.}
}
@article {2002,
	title = {The verification and application of bioindicators: a case study of dung beetles in a savanna ecosystem},
	journal = {Journal of Applied Ecology},
	volume = {39},
	number = {4},
	year = {2002},
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	month = {Aug},
	pages = {661-672},
	abstract = {1.Bioindicators of habitat quality and environmental change must be identified quantitatively and tested independently to confirm their usefulness. We used the indicator value (IndVal ) method, which combines measures of habitat fidelity and specificity, to assess the indicator responses of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Tembe Elephant Park, South Africa. The indicator responses were verified by sampling in different areas of the Park, 2 years after the responses were originally quantified. 2. We postulated that terrestrial insect indicators with different combinations of habitat specificity and fidelity might fulfil different indicator roles. Indicator species with strong habitat specificity (characteristic species) are unlikely to provide information on the direction of ecological change despite high vulnerability. Rather, detector species that span a range of ecological states are likely to be better in this role. We used IndVal for selecting such detector species that indicate the direction of ecological change. 3. Sets of species were found to be robust bioindicators, i.e. reliably characteristic across the habitat of which they were indicative. The suite of indicators was refined by discarding those with IndVal s that varied significantly across years, thus improving the confidence in the final suite of species selected. By clearly responding to a change in habitat between two ecological states, detector species provided information complementary to that provided by characteristic species. 4. The IndVal method enabled both the identification and testing of indicator (characteristic and detector) species. Because of its resilience to changes in abundance, IndVal is a particularly effective tool for ecological bioindication. 5. We conclude that both characteristic and detector species are useful bioindicators of habitat quality and conversion. We propose that bioindicators that are categorized and verified in this way will have valuable application in the monitoring of habitat integrity.},
	keywords = {assemblages, bioindication, COLEOPTERA, conservation, detector species, habitat, habitat specificity, indicator species, indicators, range size, Scarabaeidae, SELECTION, south-africa, species richness, transformation},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000177255000011},
	author = {McGeoch, M. A. and Van Rensburg, B. J. and Botes, A.}
}
@article {2279,
	title = {Grazing promotes dung beetle diversity in the xeric landscape of a Mexican Biosphere Reserve},
	journal = {Biological Conservation},
	volume = {140},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {308-317},
	abstract = {We analyze the impact of grazing on dung beetle diversity at the Barranca de Metztitla ́ n Biosphere Reserve, a xeric ecosystem in central Mexico with a long history of use by humans. We compared the community structure, as well as the alpha and beta diversity between two cover conditions (open and closed vegetation) that represent the impact of grazing within a habitat, and between habitat types (submountainous and crassicaule scrublands). From 576 samples we collected 75,605 dung beetles belonging to 20 taxa. While mean species richness and diversity were different between habitat types, cumulative spe- cies richness was not. The effects of grazing on vegetation structure influenced the cumu- lative species richness and diversity of dung beetles in the submountainous scrubland, where grazing has created land mosaics of a grassland matrix with scrubland patches. This was not the case in the crassicaule scrubland where the impact of grazing is not as evident. Beta diversity significantly responds to the effects of grazing on habitat conditions. We dis- cuss the ecological factors that may promote these responses by landscape diversity com- ponents. We also identify the species that could act as useful indicators to monitor the effect of land management on biodiversity. Our results indicate cattle farming maintains a diversified land mosaic, and these areas support more diverse dung beetle ensembles than homogeneous areas of closed, shrubby vegetation cover. Thus, controlled grazing activity could certainly favour the conservation of dung beetle biodiversity and improve ecosystem functioning by maintaining dung decomposition rates. },
	keywords = {Alpha and beta diversity, Aphodiinae, Barranca de Metztitlan, indicator species, Land mosaics, Scarabaeidae},
	author = {Verdu, Jose R. and Moreno, Claudia E. and Sanchez-Rojas, Gerardo and Numa, Catherine and Galante, Eduardo and Halffter, Gonzalo}
}
