@article {2194,
	title = {Biodiversity indicator groups of tropical land-use systems: Comparing plants, birds, and insects},
	journal = {Ecological Applications},
	volume = {14},
	number = {5},
	year = {2004},
	note = {863NNECOL APPL},
	month = {Oct},
	pages = {1321-1333},
	abstract = {Tropical landscapes are dominated by land-use systems, but their contribution to the conservation of biodiversity is largely unknown. Since changes in biodiversity in response to human impact are known to differ widely among taxonomic groups and guilds there is a need for multidisciplinary collaboration of plant, vertebrate, and invertebrate experts. We used inventories of trees, understory plants, birds (subdivided into endemics, insectivores, frugivores/nectar feeders), butterflies (endemics, fruit feeders), and dung beetles in Sulawesi (Indonesia) to characterize a gradient from near-primary to secondary forests, agroforestry systems, and annual crops. As expected, overall species richness tended to decrease within this gradient of increasing habitat modification, but, in contrast to previous studies, we found the species richness between most taxonomic groups to be significantly correlated (36 out of 38 pairwise comparisons). However, on average only 48\% of the variance could be explained (within the five main groups), and only a few taxonomic groups/guilds turned out to be good predictors for others: for example, trees for fruit- and nectar-feeding birds (88\% explanation) and fruit-feeding butterflies (83\%), endemic birds for endemic butterflies (72\%), and frugivorous/nectar-feeding birds for fruit-feeding butterflies (67\%). Although biodiversity of land-use systems showed taxonomic group- and guild-specific differences, most groups were affected in a similar way by habitat modification. Near-primary forest sites proved to be of principal importance for conservation; however, land-use systems such as secondary forests (for understory plants, birds, and butterflies) and agroforestry systems (for butterflies) supported relatively high numbers of species and might play a significant role for biodiversity conservation in tropical landscapes.},
	keywords = {Dung beetles},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000224568800003},
	author = {Schulze, C. H. and Waltert, M. and Kessler, P. J. A. and Pitopang, R. and Shahabuddin, and Veddeler, D. and Muhlenberg, M. and Gradstein, S. R. and Leuschner, C. and Steffan-Dewenter, I. and Tscharntke, T.}
}
@article {2201,
	title = {Changes of dung beetle communities from rainforests towards agroforestry systems and annual cultures in Sulawesi (Indonesia)},
	journal = {Biodiversity and Conservation},
	volume = {14},
	number = {4},
	year = {2005},
	note = {917XYBIODIVERS CONSERV},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {863-877},
	abstract = {Little is known about how tropical land-use systems contribute to the conservation of functionally important insect groups, including dung beetles. In a study at the margin of Lore Lindu National Park (a biodiversity hotspot in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia) dung-beetle communities were sampled in natural forest, young secondary forest, agroforestry systems (cacao plantations with shade trees) and annual cultures (maize fields), each with four replicates (n = 16 sites). At each site we used 10 pitfall traps, baited with cattle dung, along a 100 m transect for six 3-day periods. The number of trapped specimens and species richness at the natural forest sites was higher than in all land-use systems, which did not significantly differ. Each land-use system contained, on average, 75\% of the species richness of the natural forest, thereby indicating their importance for conservation. However, a two-dimensional scaling plot based on NESS indices (m = 6) indicated distinct dung beetle communities for both forest types, while agroforestry systems and annual cultures exhibited a pronounced overlap. Mean body size of dung beetles was not significantly influenced by land-use intensity. Five of the six most abundant dung beetle species were recorded in all habitats, whereas the abundance of five other species was significantly related to habitat type. Mean local abundance and number of occupied sites were closely correlated, further indicating little habitat specialisation. The low dung beetle diversity (total of 18 recorded species) may be due to the absence of larger mammals in Sulawesi during historical times, even though Sulawesi is the largest island of Wallacea. In conclusion, the dung beetle fauna of the lower montane forest zone in Central Sulawesi appears to be relatively robust to man-made habitat changes and the majority of species did not exhibit strong habitat preferences.},
	keywords = {Dung beetles},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://000228503800006},
	author = {Shahabuddin, and Schulze, C. H. and Tscharntke, T.}
}
