02110nas a2200193   4500008004100000245012900041210006900170260001200239300001200251490000800263520150500271653001701776100002101793700002001814700001901834700001401853700001501867856003401882       2004                        eng d00aScarabaeine dung beetles as indicators of biodiversity, habitat transformation and pest control chemicals in agro-ecosystems0 aScarabaeine dung beetles as indicators of biodiversity habitat t  cSep-Oct  a415-4240 v1003 aAs integral members of pasture ecosystems in warmer climates, scarabaeine dung beetles are useful indicators both of high biodiversity in untransformed pastoral regions and of healthy pastures in untransformed or intensively farmed areas. We outline the use of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) variously as biodiversity, ecological or environmental indicators at each of three spatial scales: regional, local, and pasture. At a regional scale, analyses of species distribution are useful both for determining regional boundaries, thus defining limits within which local comparisons are valid, and for defining group distribution centres, which facilitates comparison of biogeographical group compositions of local faunas. At a local scale, characteristic differences in species assemblage structure between natural and transformed habitats are useful both for conservation issues and for certification and marketing of high quality meat produced on natural pastures. At a pasture scale, species responses or assemblage structure may differ between dung containing residues and that lacking residues of avermectin or synthetic pyrethroid livestock pesticides. Thus, dung beetles are useful both for bioassaying the relative toxicity of old and newly developed veterinary products, and for developing more environmentally benign pest control practices. For each of the three spatial scales, we discuss goals, provide mini-reviews of pertinent results, and discuss further research.10aDung beetles1 aDavis, A., L. V.1 aScholtz, C., H.1 aDooley, P., W.1 aBharm, N.1 aKryger, U.  u<Go to ISI>://00022624050000502098nas a2200217   4500008004100000245014300041210006900184300001200253490000700265520132100272653002301593653001701616653001201633653001101645653001501656100001501671700001701686700001501703700002401718856013801742       2006                        eng d00aBiology and ecology of Circellium bacchus (Fabricius 1781) (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae), a South African dung beetle of conservation concern0 aBiology and ecology of Circellium bacchus Fabricius 1781 Coleopt  a185-2070 v193 aThe dung beetle Circelliuin bacchus (Fabricius 1781) was once widespread in southern Abica but is now restricted to a few isolated fragments in the south of the Western and Eastern Cape Provinces of South Africa, with the largest pop- ulation present in the Addo Elephant National Park (AENP). The beetles' activity is governed by precipitation and temperature; 18-26 "C and high relative humid- ity favour activity. The beetles are generalist dung feeders and breeders but have clear preferences for elephant dung for feeding, and buffalo dung for breeding. Fecundity is the lowest recorded for a dung beetle, with a maximum of two but on average only one progeny produced per year. The species is unique amongst ball-rolling (ielecoprid) dung beetles in that females initiate, form and roll brood balls, something carried out exclusively by males in other species. The beetles are habitat specialisrs prefening dense undisturbed vegetation to more open, dis- turbed vegetation. The species should be considered rare because of its narrow geographical range, restricted biotope specificity and biological attributes. Fur- thermore, ii complies with most of the characteristics that increase its likelihood of endangerment or extinction and qualifies as "vulnerable" according to IUCN criteria of threatened species.10aCircellrum bacchus10aconservation10aecology10ascarab10avulnerable1 aKryger, U.1 aCole, K., S.1 aTukker, R.1 aScholtz, Clarke, H.  uhttps://scarabnet.myspecies.info/biology-and-ecology-circellium-bacchus-fabricius-1781-coleoptera-scarabaeidae-south-african-dung-bee01806nas a2200241   4500008004100000245017600041210006900217300001200286490000700298520090600305653002101211653001301232653001701245653001701262653002801279653003001307653001501337100001501352700001701367700001801384700002401402856013801426       2006                        eng d00aEffects of cattle treatment with a cypermethrin/cymiazol spray on survival and reproduction of the dung beetle species Euoniticellus intermedius (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)0 aEffects of cattle treatment with a cypermethrincymiazol spray on  a597-6030 v963 aIn a bioassay to determine non-target ecotoxicological effects of a pyrethroid spray (Ektoban1) on dung beetles, dung from both cypermethrin/cymiazol- treated and control cattle was collected one, two, three, five, seven, 14, 21 and 28 days after treatment and fed to a treatment and control group (respectively) of beetles of the species Euoniticellus intermedius (Reiche). This was done to assess whether a spray formulation of cypermethrin may affect dung beetles differently than previously tested pour-on formulations. Following three beetle generations for two weeks each, the experiment retrieved no significant differences in adult or larval survival, egg production, fecundity and fertility between the control and treatment group. These results demonstrated that the used spray formulation of cypermethrin is likely to be far less detrimental to dung beetles than previously tested pour-ons.10aantiparasiticide10acymiazol10acypermethrin10aDung beetles10aecotoxicological effect10aEuoniticellus intermedius10apyrethroid1 aKryger, U.1 aDeschodt, C.1 aDavis, A., L.1 aScholtz, Clarke, H.  uhttps://scarabnet.myspecies.info/effects-cattle-treatment-cypermethrincymiazol-spray-survival-and-reproduction-dung-beetle-species-eu01838nas a2200241   4500008004100000245014500041210006900186300001200255490000800267520096100275653001401236653002301250653002601273653001601299653002801315653001401343653002401357100001501381700001701396700002101413700002401434856013801458       2007                        eng d00aEffects of cattle treatment with a fluazuron pour-on on survival and reproduction of the dung beetle species Onthophagus gazella (Fabricius)0 aEffects of cattle treatment with a fluazuron pouron on survival   a380-3840 v1433 aWhile resistance against many other classes of acaricides has been described, products containing benzoylphenyl urea are currently still successfully used against the pesticide-resistant blue tick (Boophilus decoloratus) in South Africa. In order to assess any adverse impact of these tickicides on the important dung beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) fauna, a bioassay was undertaken on the ecotoxicological effects of a fluazuron (benzoylphenyl urea) pour-on formulation (Acatak1) on the survival and reproduction of the African dung beetles species Onthophagus gazella (Fabricius). The experiment yielded no significant differences in adult or larval survival, egg production, fecundity and fertility between the control and treatment group following three beetle generations over. These results suggested that treatment of cattle with the fluazuron pour-on formulation Acatak1 was not detrimental to the selected dung beetle species in any notable way.10aAcaricide10aBenzoylphenyl urea10aBoophilus decoloratus10adung beetle10aecotoxicological effect10aFluazuron10aOnthophagus gazella1 aKryger, U.1 aDeschodt, C.1 aDavis, A., L. V.1 aScholtz, Clarke, H.  uhttps://scarabnet.myspecies.info/effects-cattle-treatment-fluazuron-pour-survival-and-reproduction-dung-beetle-species-onthophagus-ga