02501nas a2200157   4500008004100000245021000041210006900251260000800320300001200328490000700340520178700347100002602134700002202160700002302182856013802205       2007                        eng d00aFrom forest to pasture: an evaluation of the influence of environment and biogeography on the structure of dung beetle (Scarabaeinae) assemblages along three altitudinal grafients in the Neotropical region0 aFrom forest to pasture an evaluation of the influence of environ  cFeb  a193-2080 v303 aThe objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of environmental (associated with the expansion of cattle ranching) and biogeographical factors on the diversity of dung beetle (Scarabaeinae) assemblages along three altitudinal gradients in the Neotropical region. One gradient is located in the Mexican Transition Zone, on the Cofre de Perote mountain, the other two are in the northern Andes (the Chiles Volcano and the Rı ́o Cusiana Basin). For the three gradients, the number of species decreased as altitude increased. On the Cofre de Perote, regardless of altitude, the number of species and of individuals was similar in both forest and pasture, while species composition was different between habitats. On this mountain, species turnover in pastures was characterized by the addition of new species as altitude increased. In the northern Andes, species diversity was always greater in the forest than in the pasture, and species turnover between habitats was notably influenced by species loss with increasing altitude. As such the pasture fauna of the northern Andes was an impoverished derivative of the fauna present in the forests at the same altitude characterized by species of Neotropical affinity with a limited capacity for colonizing open, sunnier habitats. The opposite occurs in the areas used by cattle on the Cofre de Perote. This habitat has its own fauna, which is mainly comprised of Holarctic and Afrotropical species adapted to the prevailing environmental conditions of areas lacking arboreal vegetation. These results suggest that the impact on beetle communities caused by human activities can differ depending on the geographic position of each mountain and, particularly, the biogeographical history of the species assemblage that lives there.1 aS., Federico, Escobar1 aHalffter, Gonzalo1 aArellano, Lucrecia  uhttps://scarabnet.myspecies.info/forest-pasture-evaluation-influence-environment-and-biogeography-structure-dung-beetle-scarabaeinae-02372nas a2200217   4500008004100000245012900041210006900170300001400239490000700253520156600260653002001826653001901846653001701865653002601882653001701908100002201925700002001947700002301967700002601990856013802016       2007                        eng d00aInstability of copronecrophagous beetle assemblages (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) in a mountainous tropical landscape of Mexico0 aInstability of copronecrophagous beetle assemblages Coleoptera S  a1397-14070 v363 aWe analyzed changes over time in species composition and functional guild structure (temporal beta diversity) for natural assemblages and those modiÞed by humans in a fragmented, tropical mountain landscape. The assemblages belong to cloud forests (the original vegetation type), secondary forests, traditional shaded coffee plantations, commercial shaded coffee plantations, and a cattle pasture. Copronecrophagous beetles, subfamily Scarabaeinae (Insecta: Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), were used as the indicator group. This group has been used in previous studies and other tropical forests and has been found to be a good indicator of the effects of anthropogenic change. For each assemblage, we compared samples that were collected several years apart. Changes were found in species composition, order of abundance, and in the proportion that a given species is present in the different functional groups. The changes that occurred between samplings affected the less abundant species in the cloud forest and in the pasture. In the other vegetation types, both abundant and less abundant species were affected. Their order of abundance and proportion in the different guilds also changed. This study shows that, although landscape richness remains relatively constant, richness at the local level (alpha diversity) changes notably even over short lapses of time. This could be a characteristic of landscapes with intermediate degrees of disturbance (such as those that have been partially modiÞed for human use), where assemblage composition is very fluid. 10aalpha diversity10abeta diversity10acloud forest10afragmented landscapes10aScarabaeinae1 aHalffter, Gonzalo1 aPineda, Eduardo1 aArellano, Lucrecia1 aS., Federico, Escobar  uhttps://scarabnet.myspecies.info/instability-copronecrophagous-beetle-assemblages-coleoptera-scarabaeinae-mountainous-tropical-landsc02933nas a2200217   4500008004100000245012300041210006900164300001100233490000700244520215100251653002902402653001502431653001302446653001502459653002402474653001102498653001702509100002902526700002202555856013802577       2007                        eng d00aBiogeography of the areas and Canthonini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) of dry tropical foress in Mesoamerica and Colombia0 aBiogeography of the areas and Canthonini Coleoptera Scarabaeidae  a73-1080 v233 aThis biogeographical analysis examines the historical, geological, climatic and ecological processes that have influenced the formation of the dry tropical forests (DTF) of Mesoamerica and Colombia, areas that are the setting for multiple biogeographical stories that in this case are illustrated by the patterns and evolutionary processes of Canthonini. In this study we test the hypothesis that the Canthonini fauna of dry tropical forests has a South American affinity. To this end, we compare extant species from a tract of dry tropical forest in Mexico, a second enclave in Costa Rica, four from the Caribbean region of Colombia and finally one from the north of Tolima in the Upper Magdalena River Valley, Colombia. The geomorphological characteristics of the enclaves of DTF are also compared, as are the geographical distribution and taxonomic affinities of each of the species found in these dry tropical forests. The biogeographical, historical and geological aspects of the enclaves were evaluated using a Parsimony Analysis of Endemicity (PAE), with two tropical rain forests as the outgroup: Leticia (Amazonas, Colombia) and Los Tuxtlas (Veracruz, Mexico). This study reveals the origin and distribution of Neotropical dry forests in the Pleistocene, and the establishment of its dry conditions during the Holocene. It also reveals apparent similarities among the Canthonini of the dry tropical forests of Mexico, Costa Rica and Colombia, with three geographical distribution patterns that correspond to different degrees of expansion towards the north and the diversification of evolutionary lines, and even species of South American origin. The comparison of the cladogram generated for species of Canthonini with that of the geological events that have occurred in the study regions indicates that the distribution of Canthonini in dry tropical forests began during the Pliocene with the re-establishment of the Panamanian connection, with no evidence of previous geomorphological events having any influence. On the other hand, there are few species shared with the tropical rain forests used as the outgroup for the cladograms. 10abiogeographical patterns10aCanthonini10aColombia10aCosta Rica10adry tropical forest10aMexico10aScarabaeinae1 aPadilla-Gil, Dora, Nancy1 aHalffter, Gonzalo  uhttps://scarabnet.myspecies.info/biogeography-areas-and-canthonini-coleoptera-scarabaeidae-dry-tropical-foress-mesoamerica-and-colomb02525nas a2200253   4500008004100000245009700041210006900138300001200207490000800219520166500227653002901892653001501921653002701936653002201963653001701985653001702002100002002019700002402039700002702063700002002090700002102110700002202131856011802153       2007                        eng d00aGrazing promotes dung beetle diversity in the xeric landscape of a Mexican Biosphere Reserve0 aGrazing promotes dung beetle diversity in the xeric landscape of  a308-3170 v1403 aWe analyze the impact of grazing on dung beetle diversity at the Barranca de Metztitla ́ n Biosphere Reserve, a xeric ecosystem in central Mexico with a long history of use by humans. We compared the community structure, as well as the alpha and beta diversity between two cover conditions (open and closed vegetation) that represent the impact of grazing within a habitat, and between habitat types (submountainous and crassicaule scrublands). From 576 samples we collected 75,605 dung beetles belonging to 20 taxa. While mean species richness and diversity were different between habitat types, cumulative spe- cies richness was not. The effects of grazing on vegetation structure influenced the cumu- lative species richness and diversity of dung beetles in the submountainous scrubland, where grazing has created land mosaics of a grassland matrix with scrubland patches. This was not the case in the crassicaule scrubland where the impact of grazing is not as evident. Beta diversity significantly responds to the effects of grazing on habitat conditions. We dis- cuss the ecological factors that may promote these responses by landscape diversity com- ponents. We also identify the species that could act as useful indicators to monitor the effect of land management on biodiversity. Our results indicate cattle farming maintains a diversified land mosaic, and these areas support more diverse dung beetle ensembles than homogeneous areas of closed, shrubby vegetation cover. Thus, controlled grazing activity could certainly favour the conservation of dung beetle biodiversity and improve ecosystem functioning by maintaining dung decomposition rates. 10aAlpha and beta diversity10aAphodiinae10aBarranca de Metztitlan10aindicator species10aLand mosaics10aScarabaeidae1 aVerdu, Jose, R.1 aMoreno, Claudia, E.1 aSanchez-Rojas, Gerardo1 aNuma, Catherine1 aGalante, Eduardo1 aHalffter, Gonzalo  uhttps://scarabnet.myspecies.info/grazing-promotes-dung-beetle-diversity-xeric-landscape-mexican-biosphere-reserve