02452nas a2200325   4500008004100000245012700041210006900168260000800237300001200245490000700257520153000264653001301794653001601807653001301823653001701836653001501853653002401868653002301892653001501915653001801930653001301948653001801961100001901979700001701998700001902015700001902034700002102053700001702074856003502091       2005                        eng d00aEffects of paracoprid dung beetles (Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae) on the growth of pasture herbage and on the underlying soil0 aEffects of paracoprid dung beetles Coleoptera Scarabaeidae on th  cJun  a165-1710 v293 aField and greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine effects of three paracoprid dung beetles, Copris ochus (Motschulsky), Copris tripartitus Waterhouse and Onthophagus lenzii Harold, on the growth of pasture herbage and physical characteristics of the underlying soil. Treatments consisted of beetles plus dung, dung only and controls with neither dung nor beetles present. In the field in 2001, higher herbage yields were obtained with O. lenzii >= C. ochus = C. tripartitus >= only dung = control after 5 months. The air permeability of soil at a depth of 10 cm was highest when C. ochus was present (0.56 cm h(-1)), and lowest in the control (0.38 cm h(-1)). However, no significant differences were found among treatments in air permeability at 20 cm. In 2002/2003, the presence of all three species of dung beetle together was associated with higher herbage yields and with higher percentage nitrogen content than the control. In the laboratory, the presence of C. ochus and C. tripartitus was found to increase significantly the total crude protein in grass shoots and total digestible nutrient, compared with the control. The digestibility, dry intake and relative feed value of perennial ryegrass were highest where feces had been buried by O. lenzii. Acid detergent fiber was low in all treatments. The data suggest that the tunneling of paracoprid beetles improves the physicochemical characteristics of soil and increases the feed value of herbage by mixing and incorporating organic matter into the soil.10aaphodius10acattle dung10acow dung10aDung beetles10aearthworms10aecological function10aecosystem services10afeed value10aherbage yield10anitrogen10asoil aeration1 aBang, Hea, Son1 aLee, Joon-Ho1 aKwon, Oh, Seok1 aNa, Young, Eun1 aJang, Yong, Seon1 aKim, Won, Ho  u<Go to ISI>://000229792300006 02938nas a2200325   4500008004100000245010900041210006900150260001000219300001200229490000800241520201400249653001802263653001602281653001602297653002002313653002302333653001702356653002302373653001902396653001102415653002702426653002302453653002502476653001302501653001102514100001602525700001802541700001902559856003402578       2003                        eng d00aDung beetle activity and the development of trichostrongylid eggs into infective larvae in cattle faeces0 aDung beetle activity and the development of trichostrongylid egg  cDec 1  a157-1630 v1183 aIn the perspective to reduce the use of antiparasitic drugs, any interaction between the processes that control the development of parasite eggs into infective larval stages (L3) in dung and the activities of different dung-breeding organisms becomes of interest. The objective of the present study was to determine whether dung beetle activity affected the development of parasite larvae in cattle dung. Faeces containing eggs of parasites (predominately Cooperia spp.) were pooled according to high (250-600 epg) or low (approx. 100 epg) egg counts. Experimental dung pats were formed for each category of faeces and to half of these pats, dung beetles (20 Aphodius rufipes, 20 A. scybalarius syn. rufus) were added and kept for 12 days at 21degreesC (+/-1degreesC) and 90% RH (+/-5% RH). Beetles were then removed and the pats were divided in two where half the pat was incubated for an additional 12 days at 21degreesC (+/-1degreesC) and 90% RH (+/-5% RH) and the other half was immediately analysed. A greater number of L3 were recovered from the dung subjected to beetle activity compared with control dung (P < 0.001). However, following an additional 12 days incubation of the dung, similar numbers of L3 were recovered from beetle-affected dung with high egg counts, whereas there were significantly greater numbers of L3 derived from the control dung (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in L3 recovery in the two categories of pats (i.e. high and low nematode egg counts). The results indicate that activity by Aphodius spp. in fresh dung can optimise conditions for nematode development to the infective larval stage if favourable environmental conditions prevail. Such synergistic effect may be due to the fact that dung beetles used in this study are dung dwellers, i.e. no substantial amount of the dung is removed or burrowed as these beetles feed, lay their eggs and the larval development takes place in brood chambers inside the dung. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.10aAphodius spp.10aavermectins10acattle dung10acattle-nematoda10acooperia-oncophora10aDung beetles10afree-living stages10agrazing cattle10aimpact10aivermectin dung beetle10anematode parasites10aostertagia-ostertagi10aSURVIVAL10asweden1 aChirico, J.1 aWiktelius, S.1 aWaller, P., J.  u<Go to ISI>://00018739790001702926nas a2200325   4500008004100000245010900041210006900150260001000219300001200229490000800241520201400249653001802263653001602281653001602297653002002313653002302333653001702356653002302373653001902396653001102415653001502426653002302441653002502464653001302489653001102502100001602513700001802529700001902547856003402566       2003                        eng d00aDung beetle activity and the development of trichostrongylid eggs into infective larvae in cattle faeces0 aDung beetle activity and the development of trichostrongylid egg  cDec 1  a157-1630 v1183 aIn the perspective to reduce the use of antiparasitic drugs, any interaction between the processes that control the development of parasite eggs into infective larval stages (L3) in dung and the activities of different dung-breeding organisms becomes of interest. The objective of the present study was to determine whether dung beetle activity affected the development of parasite larvae in cattle dung. Faeces containing eggs of parasites (predominately Cooperia spp.) were pooled according to high (250-600 epg) or low (approx. 100 epg) egg counts. Experimental dung pats were formed for each category of faeces and to half of these pats, dung beetles (20 Aphodius rufipes, 20 A. scybalarius syn. rufus) were added and kept for 12 days at 21degreesC (+/-1degreesC) and 90% RH (+/-5% RH). Beetles were then removed and the pats were divided in two where half the pat was incubated for an additional 12 days at 21degreesC (+/-1degreesC) and 90% RH (+/-5% RH) and the other half was immediately analysed. A greater number of L3 were recovered from the dung subjected to beetle activity compared with control dung (P < 0.001). However, following an additional 12 days incubation of the dung, similar numbers of L3 were recovered from beetle-affected dung with high egg counts, whereas there were significantly greater numbers of L3 derived from the control dung (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in L3 recovery in the two categories of pats (i.e. high and low nematode egg counts). The results indicate that activity by Aphodius spp. in fresh dung can optimise conditions for nematode development to the infective larval stage if favourable environmental conditions prevail. Such synergistic effect may be due to the fact that dung beetles used in this study are dung dwellers, i.e. no substantial amount of the dung is removed or burrowed as these beetles feed, lay their eggs and the larval development takes place in brood chambers inside the dung. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.10aAphodius spp.10aavermectins10acattle dung10acattle-nematoda10acooperia-oncophora10aDung beetles10afree-living stages10agrazing cattle10aimpact10aIVERMECTIN10anematode parasites10aostertagia-ostertagi10aSURVIVAL10asweden1 aChirico, J.1 aWiktelius, S.1 aWaller, P., J.  u<Go to ISI>://00018739790001702556nas a2200361   4500008004100000245010000041210006900141260000800210300001200218490000700230520161300237653000901850653001101859653001301870653001601883653001501899653001701914653001601931653001601947653001701963653001001980653000901990653001501999653001902014653001702033653001702050653001802067653002402085100001602109700001502125700002002140856003402160       2004                        eng d00aTrophic preferences mediated by olfactory cues in dung beetles colonizing cattle and horse dung0 aTrophic preferences mediated by olfactory cues in dung beetles c  cApr  a370-3770 v333 aScarab beetles colonizing vertebrate feces are considered polyphagous insects, because they often use dung of several species. However, recent works have provided evidence for strong feeding preferences in some dung beetle species. The influence of dung odors in the process of resource selection by beetles has not received attention. The objective of this study was to investigate trophic preferences in Mediterranean dung beetles colonizing cattle and horse dung. The pattern of resource use by insects was studied using series of pitfall traps baited with cattle or horse dung in three different sites of south-central France. A total of 4,276 insects belonging to 39 species were captured. Cattle dung attracted more insects than horse feces (2,570 versus 1,706 individuals). Twenty-four of the 39 beetle species collected had clear feeding preferences for cattle dung (13 species) or horse dung (11 species). None of these species seemed linked exclusively to one kind of dung. The behavioral responses of seven scarab beetles to volatile compounds emitted by cattle and horse dung were compared in laboratory olfactometer bioassays. Three insect species (Aphodius erraticus, A. scrutator, Onthophagus vacca) were more attracted to volatile compounds from cattle dung. Two other species (Euonthophagus amyntas, Bubas bubalus) orientated preferentially toward horse dung volatiles. Except for two species, beetles were thus attracted to volatiles from the dung type they preferred in the field. The reasons why coprophagous beetles show local feeding preferences for particular dung types are discussed.10abait10aburial10acapacity10acattle dung10aCOLEOPTERA10acolonization10acommunities10adung beetle10aDung beetles10afeces10afood10ahorse dung10amammal mammals10aolfactometer10aScarabaeidae10aScarabaeoidea10atrophic preferences1 aDormont, L.1 aEpinat, G.1 aLumaret, J., P.  u<Go to ISI>://000220856500033