TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of forest fragmentation on the activity of dung beetles JF - Revue D Ecologie-La Terre Et La Vie Y1 - 2002 A1 - Hingrat, Y. A1 - Feer, F. SP - 165 EP - 179 KW - Amazonia KW - COLEOPTERA KW - communities KW - dispersal KW - french-guiana KW - los-tuxtlas KW - Mexico KW - monkeys alouatta-palliata KW - Scarabaeidae KW - seed KW - tropical rain-forest AB - The effect of seed burial by dung beetles on seed survival and seedling establishment in Tetragastris altissima (Burseraceae) was measured on 3 sites of continuous forest and 7 islands in the man-inundated rain forest of Saint-Eugene, French Guiana. Experiments using a total of 250 seeds were performed using wire enclosures open to dung beetles but excluding terrestrial seed predators. Fragmentation had no effect on the rate of dung disappearance at 12, 24 and 48 h because there was a high variability between sites. On average, 24 % of seeds were buried by dung beetles after 72 h, Overall, there was no effect of fragmentation due to variation between sites. Dung burial rates were positively correlated with rarefaction of the dung beetle samples collected on the different sites. They were also positively correlated with weighted abundances of large diurnal tunnellers after 12 h and to total tunnellers after 24 h. Seed burial was positively correlated to weighted abundance of large nocturnal tunnellers and of total tunnellers. The species diversity and abundance were positively related to area that did not involve a correlation between seed burial rates and area. After 72 h, survival rate of protected seeds at ground surface was significantly larger (78 %) than for non protected seeds (22 %), which were attacked by rodents. There was no difference between continuous forest and islands. Eight percent of buried seeds emerged, i.e. 2 % of all seeds deposited. Burial depth significantly affected the rate of emergence of buried seeds. Ninety percent of seeds at surface germinated versus 0 % at 10 and 15 cm. The effects of seed burial by dung beetles on early recruitment of T altissima was low and highly variable between sites in relation with the structure of the community of Scarabaeidae and intensity of seed predation. UR - ://000179284800011 N1 - Times Cited: 0Cited Reference Count: 51Cited References: *SPSS INC, 1998, SYSTAT 8 0 STAT ANDRESEN E, 1999, BIOTROPICA, V31, P145 ANDRESEN E, 2000, THESIS U FLORIDA ANDRSEN E, 1994, THESIS DUKE U BORNEMISSZA GF, 1970, PEDOBIOLOGIA, V10, P1 BROWN KS, 1997, TROPICAL FOREST REMN, P91 CLAESSENS O, 2002, REV ECOL TERRE VIE S, V8, P21 DALECKY A, 2002, REV ECOL TERRE VIE S, V8, P145 DIDHAM RK, 1998, ECOL MONOGR, V68, P295 DIDHAM RK, 1996, TRENDS ECOL EVOL, V11, P255 ESTRADA A, 1999, AM J PRIMATOL, V48, P253 ESTRADA A, 1986, FRUGIVORES SEED DISP ESTRADA A, 1991, J TROP ECOL, V7, P459 ESTRADA A, 1998, J TROP ECOL 5, V14, P577 FEER F, 1999, J TROP ECOL, V15, P1 FEER F, 2001, REV ECOL-TERRE VIE, V56, P119 FINCHER GT, 1973, J PARASITOL, V59, P396 FORGET PM, 1991, TROP ECOL, V32, P155 GILL BD, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P211 GRANJON L, 1996, ACTA OECOL, V17, P673 GUILLOTIN M, 1994, J ZOOL, V233, P551 HALFFTER G, 1966, FOLIA ENTOMOL MEXICO, V12, P1 HALFFTER G, 1992, FOLIA ENTOMOLOGICA M, V84, P131 HALFFTER G, 1982, NESTING BEHAV DUNG B HALLWACHS W, 1994, CLUMSY DANCE AGOUTI HANSKI I, 1989, ECOSYSTEMS WORLD, P489 HINGRAT Y, 1999, EFFETS FRAGMENTATION HOWDEN HF, 1981, CONTRIBUTIONS AM ENT, V18, P1 HOWE HF, 1980, ECOLOGY, V61, P944 HOWE HF, 1989, OECOLOGIA, V79, P417 JANZEN DH, 1982, ECOLOGY, V63, P1887 JANZEN DH, 1986, FRUGIVORES SEED DISP, P251 JULLIOT C, 1996, INT J PRIMATOL, V17, P239 KLEIN BC, 1989, ECOLOGY, V70, P1715 LAURANCE WF, 1997, TROPICAL FOREST REMN LOVEJOY TE, 1986, CONSERVATION BIOL SC, P257 MALCOLM JR, 1997, TROPICAL FOREST REMN, P207 PECK SB, 1984, BIOTROPICA, V16, P235 PECK SB, 1982, CAN J ZOOL, V60, P1624 POWELL AH, 1987, BIOTROPICA, V19, P176 RATIARISON S, 1999, FRAGMENTATION FOREST RINGUET S, 1998, THESIS MUSEUM NAT HI SABATIER D, 1983, THESIS U SCI TECHNIQ SHEPHERD VE, 1998, J TROP ECOL 2, V14, P199 SILVIUS KM, 1999, THESIS U FLORIDA SIMMEN B, 1996, INT J PRIMATOL, V17, P661 SOKAL RR, 1981, BIOMETRY SOUZA OFF, 1994, J TROP ECOL, V10, P197 SPIRONELLO WR, 1999, THESIS U CAMBRIDGE U VANROOSMALEN MGM, 1985, ACTA AMAZONICA, V19, P1 VULINEC K, 2000, FLA ENTOMOL, V83, P229FrenchArticle8616CUREV ECOL-TERRE VIE ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diversity of dung-beetle community in declining Japanese subalpine forest caused by an increasing sika deer population JF - Ecological Research Y1 - 2005 A1 - Kanda, N. A1 - Yokota, T. A1 - Shibata, E. A1 - Sato, H. SP - 135 EP - 141 KW - alouatta-palliata KW - COLEOPTERA KW - dung beetle KW - evenness KW - fragmentation KW - los-tuxtlas KW - Mexico KW - ohdaigahara mammals KW - primary forest KW - sasa nipponica KW - Sasa nipponica grassland KW - Scarabaeidae KW - south-africa KW - transition forest KW - tropical rain-forest AB - The Ohdaigahara subalpine plateau in Japan has recently suffered a reduction in primary forest land caused by an increasing population of sika deer (Cervus nippon). Deer have debarked many trees, causing die-back, gradually changing the primary forest first to light forest with a floor that is densely covered with sasa grass (Sasa nipponica) and then to S. nipponica grassland. To examine the effects of vegetative transformation on the dung-beetle community, we compared the diversity and abundance of dung-beetle assemblages in the primary forest, transition forest, and S. nipponica grassland using dung-baited pitfall traps. The species richness and species diversity (Shannon-Wiener index) were significantly highest in the primary forest and lowest in the S. nipponica grassland. The evenness (Smith-Wilson index) was highest in the primary forest and nearly equal in the transition forest and S. nipponica grassland. The abundance was apparently greater in the transition forest than in the primary forest and S. nipponica grassland. These results suggest that loss of primary forest resulting from an increasing deer population decreases the diversity of the dung-beetle community while increasing the abundance of dung beetles in the transition forest. Sika deer use transition forests and grasslands more frequently than primary forests as habitat, but an increase in dung supply there does not necessarily increase the diversity or abundance of dung-beetle assemblages. VL - 20 UR - ://000228011500004 N1 - digital and hard copy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of clumped defecation in the spatial distribution of soil nutrients and the availability of nutrients for plant uptake JF - Journal of Tropical Ecology Y1 - 2005 A1 - Feeley, K. SP - 99 EP - 102 KW - Alouatta seniculus KW - anion-exchange KW - clumped defecation KW - Dung beetles KW - howler monkeys KW - Lake Guri KW - latrine KW - los-tuxtlas KW - membranes KW - monkeys alouatta-palliata KW - nutrient cycling KW - phosphorus KW - seed dispersal KW - tropical rain-forest KW - Venezuela KW - wild howler monkeys VL - 21 UR - ://000227083400011 N1 - Times Cited: 1Cited Reference Count: 21Cited References: ABRAMS MM, 1992, SOIL SCI SOC AM J, V56, P1532 ALVAREZ E, 1986, INTERCIENCIA, V11, P325 ANDRESEN E, 2001, J TROP ECOL 1, V17, P61 ANDRESEN E, 2002, BIOTROPICA, V34, P261 BINKLEY D, 1983, SOIL SCI SOC AM J, V47, P1050 BRIDGHAM SD, 2001, SOIL SCI SOC AM J, V65, P259 COOPERBAND LR, 1994, SOIL SCI SOC AM J, V58, P105 ESTRADA A, 1984, AM J PRIMATOL, V6, P77 ESTRADA A, 1991, J TROP ECOL, V7, P459 FORDE B, 2001, PLANT SOIL, V232, P51 GILBERT KA, 1997, ANIM BEHAV 2, V54, P451 GOWER ST, 1987, BIOTROPICA, V19, P171 HUBER O, 1986, INTERCIENCIA, V11, P301 JULLIOT C, 1996, INT J PRIMATOL, V17, P239 MILTON K, 1980, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V53, P402 NAGY KA, 1979, OECOLOGIA, V39, P249 OSTERTAG R, 2001, ECOLOGY, V82, P485 SUBLER S, 1995, SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM, V27, P911 TAN KH, 1996, SOIL SAMPLING PREPAR TERBORGH J, 1997, ECOLOGY, V78, P1494 VITOUSEK PM, 1986, ANNU REV ECOL SYST, V17, P137EnglishArticleJ TROP ECOLPart 1898NL ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dung and carrion beetles of the rain forest of French Guiana: composition and structure of the guild JF - Annales De La Societe Entomologique De France Y1 - 2000 A1 - Feer, F. SP - 29 EP - 43 KW - alouatta-palliata KW - COLEOPTERA KW - communities KW - ivory-coast KW - los-tuxtlas KW - Mexico KW - monkeys KW - Scarabaeidae KW - seed dispersal AB - A guild of neotropical rain forest dung and carrion beetles, has been studied in a locality of undisturbed rain forest in French Guiana. A total of 87 species was captured. Scarabaeidae with 76 species were the most numerous;Aphodiidae and other minor families were rare. Species diversity and equitability were high and showed small variation with seasons. Tunneller species ( 48 species) were larger and more numerous than roller species (18 species) and dwellers. Food preferences, and activity rhythm of species were described. VL - 36 UR - ://000087344100002 N1 - Times Cited: 1Cited Reference Count: 60Cited References: ANDRESEN E, 1999, BIOTROPICA, V31, P145 ANDRESEN E, 1994, THESIS FRUGIVORY PRI BALTHASAR V, 1963, MONOGRAPHIE SCARABAE, V1 BONGERS F, 2000, BIOL MONOGRAPH SERIE BRYAN RP, 1976, AUSTR J AGR RES, V27, P567 CAMBEFORT Y, 1986, ACTA OECOL-OEC GEN, V7, P17 CAMBEFORT Y, 1982, ANN SOC ENTOMOL FR, V18, P433 CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P156 CAMBEFORT Y, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P198 CAMBEFORT Y, 1985, REV FRANCAISE ENTOMO, V7, P337 CASWELL H, 1976, ECOL MONOGR, V46, P327 DADDA AA, 1998, NEOTROPICAL PRIMATES, V6, P111 DAJOZ R, 1994, ANN SOC ENTOMOL FR, V30, P159 DAVIS AJ, 1993, THESIS U LEEDS RU DUBOST G, 1987, MAMMALIA, V51, P415 ESTRADA A, 1986, FRUGIVORES SEED DISP, P9 ESTRADA A, 1993, J TROP ECOL, V9, P45 ESTRADA A, 1991, J TROP ECOL, V7, P459 FEER F, 1999, J TROP ECOL 2, V15, P129 FINCHER GT, 1973, J PARASITOL, V59, P396 FISCHER RA, 1943, THEORETICAL POPULATI, V7, P197 GILL BD, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P211 GLANZ WE, 1990, 4 NEOTROPICAL RAINFO, P287 HALFFTER G, 1993, BIOL INT, V27, P15 HALFFTER G, 1966, FOLIA ENTOMOL MEXICO, V12, P1 HALFFTER G, 1992, FOLIA ENTOMOLOGICA M, V84, P131 HALFFTER G, 1991, FOLIA ENTOMOLOGICA M, V82, P195 HALFFTER G, 1982, NESTING BEHAV DUNG B HALFFTER G, 1980, QUAEST ENTOMOL, V16, P599 HANSKI I, 1983, ACTA ZOOL FENN, V167, P1 HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P5 HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P283 HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P303 HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P330 HANSKI I, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P350 HANSKI I, 1982, OIKOS, V38, P210 HANSKI I, 1989, TROPICAL RAIN FOREST, P489 HEINRICH B, 1979, PHYSIOL ZOOL, V52, P484 HOWDEN HF, 1975, BIOTROPICA, V7, P77 HOWDEN HF, 1981, CONTRIBUTIONS AM ENT, V18, P1 JANZEN DH, 1982, ECOLOGY, V63, P1887 JANZEN DH, 1982, SCIENCE, V215, P19 KLEIN BC, 1989, ECOLOGY, V70, P1715 KOHLMAN B, 1991, DUNG BEETLE ECOLOGY, P116 LAURANCE WF, 1997, TROPICAL FOREST REMN LOBO JM, 1988, REV ECOL BIOL SOL, V25, P77 LOUZADA JNC, 1997, REV BRASILEIRA ENTOM, V41, P117 LOVEJOY TE, 1990, 4 NEOTROPICAL RAINFO, P60 MAGURRAN AE, 1988, ECOLOGICAL DIVERSITY MCARTHUR RH, 1972, GEOGRAPHICAL ECOLOGY PECK SB, 1984, BIOTROPICA, V16, P235 PECK SB, 1982, CAN J ZOOL, V60, P1624 PONCY O, 1998, FOREST BIODIVERSITY, P389 SABATIER D, 1990, BOIS FOR TROP, V219, P31 SHEPHERD VE, 1998, J TROP ECOL 2, V14, P199 SIMMEN B, 1998, CR ACAD SCI III-VIE, V321, P699 TERBORGH J, 1997, TROPICAL FOREST REMN, P256 VOSS RS, 1996, B AM MUS NAT HIST, V230, P1 WALTER P, 1984, B SOC ENTOMOLOGIQUE, V88, P514 WOODRUFF RE, 1973, SCARAB BEETLES FLORI, V8FrenchArticle319LXANN SOC ENTOMOL FR ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Primary dispersal of seeds by primates and secondary dispersal by dung beetles in Tikal, Guatemala JF - Biotropica Y1 - 2006 A1 - Ponce-Santizo, G. A1 - Andresen, E. A1 - Cano, E. A1 - Cuaron, A. D. SP - 390 EP - 397 KW - alouatta-palliata KW - Ateles KW - CEBUS-CAPUCINUS KW - DEFECATION KW - GERMINATION literature review function service seed dispersal mammal value KW - howler monkeys KW - los-tuxtlas KW - Mexico KW - patterns KW - Scarabaeidae KW - tropical rain-forest AB - We linked primary dispersal by spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi) and howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) to post-dispersal seed fate by studying the effects of dung type and defecation pattern on secondary seed dispersal by dung beetles. First, we described the defecation patterns for both primate species. Howler monkeys generally defecated in groups (88% of observed defecations), with each individual producing on average 31 g of dung, resulting in a large area of the forest floor (31 m(2)) covered by large amounts of dung (clumped spatial pattern). Spider monkeys generally (96% of observed defecations) defecated individually, each individual producing an average of 11 g of dung, resulting in a small area of the forest floor (2 m(2)) covered by small amounts of dung (scattered spatial pattern). Secondly, we captured dung beetles using as bait the dung of both primate species, to detect differences in the assemblages of these secondary seed dispersers attracted to the dung of both primates. More individual dung beetles, but not more species, were attracted to howler monkey dung than to spider monkey dung. Finally, we assessed experimentally (using plastic beads as seed mimics) how dung type (Ateles vs. Alouatta) and defecation pattern (scattered vs. clumped) affect secondary seed dispersal by dung beetles. We found that post-dispersal seed fate was affected by dung type, with more seeds being buried when present in howler monkey dung, than in spider monkey dung, but was not affected by defecation pattern. It is important to consider post-dispersal processes, such as secondary seed dispersal by dung beetles, when comparing species of primary dispersers. VL - 38 UR - ://000236766500014 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of seed dispersal by three ateline monkey species on seed germination at Tinigua National Park, Colombia JF - International Journal of Primatology Y1 - 2002 A1 - Stevenson, P. R. A1 - Castellanos, M. C. A1 - Pizarro, J. C. A1 - Garavito, M. SP - 1187 EP - 1204 KW - Alouatta KW - alouatta-palliata KW - Ateles belzebuth KW - Dung beetles KW - ecology KW - feeding KW - french-guiana KW - fruit KW - germination rate KW - Lagothrix lagothricha KW - LAGOTHRIX-LAGOTRICHA KW - latency period KW - los-tuxtlas KW - primates KW - seed dispersal KW - seniculus KW - TRE KW - tropical rain-forest AB - We examined the effect of seed ingestion by three ateline primates: woolly monkeys, Lagothrix lagothricha; spider monkeys, Ateles belzebuth; and, red howler, Alouatta seniculus on germination rates and latency periods of seeds of several plant species in Tinigua National Park, Colombia. We collected dispersed seeds from feces and control seeds from the parental trees and washed them for germination trials. For the majority of plants, dispersed seeds germinated as well or better than control seeds did. Although spider monkeys depend more heavily on fruits than the other monkey species do, they were not more efficient than howlers or woolly monkeys at improving germination rates. A considerable proportion of the seeds dispersed by howlers and woolly monkeys showed reduced latency periods to germination, but spider monkeys showed less effect on reducing germination time. This result may be related to longer gut retention times, but such a trend has not been observed in other primate species. We conclude that, like many other primates, ateline monkeys are effective seed dispersers in terms of their effects on the seeds they swallow because they rarely decrease their germination rates. We discuss problems that make interspecific comparisons difficult, such as inappropriate control seeds and differences associated with germination substrates, and we stress the importance of studying other components of seed dispersal effectiveness. VL - 23 UR - ://000179360100003 ER -